1836.] 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



271 



endured the severity of the preceding winter, at 

 ten cents a piece, and thouglit we paid the full 

 value of them. The same sized trees are now 

 selling at thirty cents by the thousand, at the nur- 

 series. We are also credibly informed that the 

 demand in France is so great that they have risen 

 near fifty jicr cent. The value of this tree is not 

 as yet duly appreciated, but should it become tho- 

 roughly acclimated, of which there is now but lit- 

 tle doubt, it will soon become the pride of Ameri- 

 ca as it has long been of iV^ia. The high |)rice 

 of the tree ought not to discourage farmers from 

 procuring a few for the purpose of propagation. 

 It will be many years before the whole country 

 can be supplied from the seed, and whoever pro- 

 pagates it by cuttings, layers, or inoculation, will 

 he abundantly recompensed for his expenditure 

 and labor. 



From the Rail Koad Journal. 

 MARBLE CKMEXT. 



An important improvement, which has been for 

 "several years in progress, is about being intro 

 duced to the more general notice of the public, 

 and we believe into extensive use for building pur- 

 poses. It is a composition, or cement, of which 

 the principal ingredient is marble or limestone, 

 which, when applied to the inner or outer walls 

 of buildings, presents the appearance of polished 

 marble, of the various hues and qualities which 

 distinguish the beautiful material imitated. What 

 would be thought of" a magician who possessed 

 power of changing the sombre brick and stone 

 walls of the buildings of a city, in one week, into 

 substances resembling the most beautiful Grecian, 

 Italian, Egyptian or Verd Antique Marble, or por- 

 phyry, like the rock of Gibraltar? Yet all this 

 may be done by this invention of an humble citizen 

 of Orange county, in this state. This cement has 

 been sufficiently tested by experiments on build- 

 ings, to satisfy practical men of its decided superi- 

 ority over any other cement, stucco, or other hard 

 finish for walls, hitherto known. In our next 

 number we expect to be able to furnish the public 

 with some interesting particulars, on this subject; 

 and in the mean time we can state, that a compa- 

 ny has been formed, in this city, to carry on the 

 operations connected with the manufacture of this 

 new cement, and its application to buildings. 

 Those who are curious in these matters, may obtain 

 further information in relation to it, by applying at 

 this office, or at the office of Edwin Williams, over 

 Leavitt, Lord & Co., Broadway. 



From the New York Fanner. 



NEW MODE OF OVERCOMING STEEP INCLINED 

 PLANES ON RAILWAYS. 



I witnessed at the capitol with great pleasure 

 on Monday last, Mr. Smith Cram's (of the city 

 of New York) invention for overcoming an eleva- 

 tion in rail road transportation of 440 feet to the 

 mile. It was performed with expedition by a sin- 

 gle stroke perpendicular engine, which, in point of 

 power, sutlers much in comparison with a double 

 stroke locomotive engine. 



His plan a.y exhibited, puts ut rest all doubt as to 



the practicability of ascending and descending 

 hills from 450 to 600 feet to the mile, with certain" 

 ty and security. As to the certainty of overcom- 

 ing elevation and inclination, the cog-wheels and 

 ratchets as arranged satisfactorily show. As to 

 the security, it is to be found in the introduction of 

 his hydrostatic cylinder attached to the car which 

 is designed to check the train of cars in ascend- 

 ing, should any accident befal the engine, and to 

 regulate their velocity in descending, or check 

 them altogether. The accuracy of the principle 

 in both cases is perfectly clear, and promises to be 

 of incalculable value in the present age of im- 

 provement; and I doubt not it will be generally 

 adopted upon the score of economy as to time and 

 money; but above all, the preservation of human 

 life, which his plan so effectually guarantees, in 

 comparison with the present mode of overcom- 

 ing a triflng elevation by stationary power, com- 

 mitting our lives to the hazard of a single rope. 



FULTON. 



From the Southern Literary Messenger. 

 ADVANTAGES OF MANUAL LABOR SCHOOLS. 



Extract from an Address delivered by the Rev. B. F. 

 Stanton before the '-Literary Institute" of Hamp- 

 den Sydney College. 



* * . * * « T'l^e following im- 



portant positions, however, in regard to the sub- 

 ject, may now be considered as established. Con- 

 stant habits of exercise arc indispensable to a 

 healthful state of the body. A healthful state of 

 body is essential to a vigorous and active state of 

 mind. The habit of exercise should commence 

 with the ability to take it, and should be continued 

 with that ability through life. Of the ditlerent 

 kinds of exercise, as a general rule, agricultural, 

 being the most natural, and to which the human 

 consTitution is best adapted, is the most unobjec- 

 tionable; ?nec/m/!;'caZ is the next; and walking and 

 riding are the employments Avhich follow in the 

 rear. The exercise most profitable, for the most 

 part, will be that which is most useful. The ne- 

 glect of exercise, with sedentary men, has occa- 

 sioned fearful havoc of health and life; and the wil- 

 ful neglect of it, with those who have had an op- 

 portunity to be enlightened with respect to its ne- 

 cessity and value, is a species of suicide, and, 

 therefore, an iinmoraliiy. The connection of via- 

 nual labor establishments iviUi literartj institutions, 

 has been found to be greatly conducive to health 

 and morals, as also to proficiency in the various 

 departments of human learning; and as far as ex- 

 perience has gone, the promise which they give of 

 success is all that their most sanguine projectors 

 had anticipated. 



On the subject of manual labor schools, a deep 

 interest has within a few years been excited in va- 

 rious parts of the Union. Like all other enter- 

 prises which aim at the accomplishment of exten- 

 sive good, it has met with opposition and discour- 

 agements; but originating in the principles of true 

 wisdom, and supported by arguments and fiicts 

 which none can gainsay or resist, i's ultimate tri- 

 umph may safely be predicted, and confidently 

 anticipated. 



Whether the system of physical education 

 shall receive the countenance, or is suited to the 

 peculiar circumstances of the southern country, 



