1836.J 



FARMERS' REGISTER, 



279 



the fine water powers, which more than any thino; 

 else remedy the difference in the price of handwork 

 between Europe and America. 



But, sir, while I was admiring here, in the 

 splendid establishments of this new industry, their 

 fine machinery and their improved chemical pro- 

 cesses, I was lamenting that the small proprietor 

 or the larmer could not employ directly his produce 

 by manufacturing himself. I am but just now 

 perfectly satisfied that he can do it, and that with 

 very inconsiderable expense, and without hiring 

 any help; but simply with that of his family. I 

 will quote the particular instance of a farmer in the 

 north of France, (near Valenciennes.) who has 

 received a medal from the Royal and Central Ag- 

 ricultural Society, for havig established on his larni 

 one of the first small beet sugar manufactories, 

 where he makes daily, without any assistance, but 

 that of his family, 100 pounds of sugar fit for fam- 

 ily use "'ithout further preparation. The whole 

 house room consecrated to that purpose, is a room 

 16 (cet square, and a cabinet 10 feet by 12. Now, 

 sir, you can undoubtedly appreciate at once all the 

 advantages that a farmer can reap in cultivating 

 and manulacturing the sugar beet. It will be 

 greater yet for those who have, as in the north of 

 Pennsylvania and New- York, the maple su;gar. 

 The making of beet sugar may begin in October, 

 and end commonly in March; it is just at the mo- 

 ment when the maple sugar is more commonly 

 made; so that the same implements will answer 

 for both manufactures, and the farmer will have 

 employ for his family during the months when 

 they have most leisure. 



The Royal and Central Agricultural Society 

 have just offered several handsome premiums, for 

 whoever will communicate within this year the 

 best methods for manufacturing the beet sugar on 

 small farms. This has given me the idea of not 

 waiting for my arrival in America, for recommend- 

 ing immediately the cultivation of the beet so that 

 experiments may be made this fall and winter, by 

 employing some of the best systems discovered 

 here, and such as the inventive genius of Ameri- 

 cans will not fail to discover. 



I remain, my dear sir, with sincere regard. 

 Yours, 



l,e ray de chaumont. 



Hon. Jesse Buel. 



P. S. I should have liked to add some notes up- 

 on silk and mulberries; but Mr. Tallmadge, with 

 Avhom I am going to-morrow to see one of the lar- 

 gest establishments in France, will publish some- 

 thing upon the subject. If beet seed enough can- 

 not be procured, a pretty large quantity will be 

 found at Messrs. De Launay, Burgy & Co. in N. 

 York. 



ADULTERATION OF MILK IN THE CITY OF NEW 

 YORK. 



Extract from the New York Farmer. 



Of the various animals, whose milk is employed 

 for human food the cow, both in respect to quality 

 and quantity, is most generally preferred. Goals', 

 asses', and mares' milk are used; but for conveni- 

 ence, nutriliousness, and quantity, the cow is 

 above all others to be chosen; and as far as food is 

 concerned, may be considered among the greatest 

 blessings which Divine Providence lias bestowed 



upon mankind. As matter of diet, there is noth- 

 ing which in proportion to its Aveight contains so 

 much nutriment; and as a beverage, to a simple 

 and unadulterated taste none can be more grateful. 

 In the country, where it can be had pure and in 

 abundance, it ought to constitute the great article 

 of Ibod for children and young persons; and the 

 miserable and pernicious and perfectly innutritions 

 substitutes of tea and coffee ought to be kept en- 

 tirely out of their reach. In cities, however, pure 

 milk is almost as difficult to be procured as pure 

 water. In New York city, for example, the milk 

 is first deteriorated, if we may be allowed so to 

 state, in the cow's udder; — that is, where cows are 

 led upon distillers' swill, with scarcely any meal, 

 and with barely hay enough to form a cud, the 

 milk produced is of a very inferior quality; besides, 

 with a large proportion of the milk-dealers, though 

 not with all, it undergoes the ruleable and estab- 

 lished dilution of one quart of water to four of 

 milk; in addition to this, if it goes into the hands 

 of the grocers, as ia general they are too inodest 

 and humane io sell any thing like strong drink, it 

 commonly undergoes another ajiplication from the 

 town-pump. Indeed; we state upon the best in- 

 formation, that there are grocers in the city, who, 

 without any aid from the cow, or at least the 

 slightest possible, have offered the milk-mcn, when 

 the supplies of the milk-mcn for their customers 

 fall short, to furnish them from their own (the gro- 

 cers') resources, what they may need to make 

 their supply sufficient : that is, they literally man- 

 ufticture the milk, as we sometimes say, " out of 

 the whole cloth." The process, we understand, 

 is this: to take some Indian meal of the white 

 gourd-seed variety, and pass some scalding water 

 through it; and this water dashed with a slight 

 touch of milk, as Bloomfield calls it, " three times 

 skimmed sky-blue," can be afforded at about five 

 cents per quart; and at this rate is actually vended 

 to the poor Jbrlorn wretches, who want their cent 

 or their two cents' worth for their tea and coffee. 

 Now whether this be or be not a real Yankee trick 

 we shall not venture to surmise, but the ingenuity 

 of its performance belongs to the veritable city of 

 Manhattan. It is however all of a piece with ma- 

 ny of the London tricks, which London cream is 

 readily manufactured out of flour or magnesia, and 

 milk to a consistence to suit the most fastidious. 

 The adulterations of human food, however, where 

 it is susceptible of being adulterated to a profit, are 

 most obvious and enormous, and it would be quite 

 Ibrtunate if all of them were as innocent as the 

 above. 



From tlie New York Fanner. 

 HAY AND HAY MAKING. 



The season of hay cutting is just at hand. An 

 operation so simple as that of cutting and curing 

 hay every farmer feels that he understands, and 

 would disdain on this subject any attempt to ad- 

 vise or instruct him. Be it so; the wise are glad 

 to examine any subject, on which it is possible 

 discussion or inquiry may throw some light; cor- 

 rect prejudices, or suggest new and better means 

 of management; the wise in respect to any and 

 every subject are never too wise to learn; and 

 though our own observations or suggestions on 

 any subject may have no just foundation, nor rea- 



