322 



FARMERS' REGISTER, 



[No. 6 



to twenty bushels of bone-dust in drills, the turnip 

 crops have become excellent, and the following 

 crops are very considerably improved*. 



At Clumber Park, the seat ol' the Duke of New- 

 castle, in Nottino^hamshirc, 600 bushels of small 

 bones were, in 1822, spread upon 24 acres of grass 

 land, in the dairy llirm, consisting of dry, sandy, 

 and gravelly soil, which had been laid down about 

 ten years. Their etfect upon the pasture improved 

 the condition of the cows so material!}-, that about 

 twice the quantity of butter was made from them 

 than trom cows grazed upon land of similar quali- 

 ty, but not bonedj and this eflect, it is said still con- 

 linuesf. 



Twenty-five bushels of bruised bones, per 

 Scotch acre, having been applied by Mr. Watson, 

 of Keillor, near Cupar Angus, to Aberdeen yellow 

 turnips, on some sharp black land, brought them 

 above ground on the thiid day, and into rough leaf 

 on the tenth ; on the fifteenth, they were fit to be 

 thinned out ; while fl^rm-yard manure, though ap- 

 plied to the same soil, at the rate of twenty-five 

 cart-loads per acre, did not bring them up till the 

 fifih day, nor render them fit for the hoe until the 

 twentieth. They in this manner manifested the 

 same superiority until the month of September, 

 when the weather having set in dry, it was ex- 

 pected that the crop would cease growing ; which 

 was the case with that part which had been dunged, 

 but the bone turnips continued to grow vigorously, 

 and upon a comparative trial in the middle of Oc- 

 tober, their produce exceeded those which were 

 dunged, by six tons per acre : twenty-eight tons to 

 twenty-two|. 



On some land, the quality of which is not stated, 

 crushed bones were laid by Mr. Falla, of Gates- 

 head, near Newcastle-upon-Tyne, at the rate ol 

 100 bushels per acre; the rest of the field being 

 manured with well-rotted stable-dung, at the rate 

 of fifteen two-horse cart-loads per acre ; that part 

 which was boned was superiorto some parts of the 

 dunged ground, and fully equal to the resl§. 



Mr. Graburn, of Barton, in Lincolnshire, has 

 manured with crushed bones, at the rate of thirty 

 bushels, and with dung at eight loads per acre, for 

 turnips, after which the turnips were much later 

 than the rest. On the second year of seeds, afier 

 the turnips, he covered the dunged part with yard 

 manure a second time, and two years afterwards, a 

 third time; then sowed the land with wheat, and 

 the boned ground produced rather a better crop 

 than that which had been thus thrice dunged||. 



During the dry summer of 1826, tlurty-four 

 acres of a siliceous sandy soil, on the estate of Sir 

 Charles Throckmorton, at Buckland, in Oxford- 

 shire, half of which had been manured with farm- 

 yard manure, and the remainder with bones. The 

 whole was sown with turnips, drilled in the North- 

 umberland fashion ; and that portion on which the 

 bones were laid presented a remarkably fine crop, 

 nearly a fourth part advanced in bulb aboub the 

 latter end of August, while that part which had 

 been dunged was merely getting into. leaf The 

 experiment was repeated in 1827, on green- o-lobe 



*Doncaster Report, p. 6. 



t Ibid. p. 13. 



X Quart. Journ. of Agric. N. S.,vol. i. p. 14. 



§ Farmer's Magazine, vol. xvi. p. 330. 



II Lincoln. Report, p. 300. 



turnip, sown on the 20th of July, upon similar 

 land, with the same su|)eriority in favor of the 

 bones: the succeeding crop of barley also produced 

 five bushels per acre more than that which follow- 

 ed the dunged turnips, and the cover was also 

 heavier*. 



The Honorable Captain Ogilvie, of Airlie Cas- 

 tle, has also applied bone dust, at the rate of 15 

 and 20 bushels per acre, to a light sandy loam, 

 with a subsoil of gravel and sand, coming in some 

 places nearly to tiie surface ; and after the expe- 

 rience of five years upon a series of trials com- 

 menced in 1827, he found all the successive crops 

 of turnips, barley, and grass-seeds so decidedly su- 

 perior to those which had been previously pro- 

 duced by other manure, that the Highland Society 

 last year awarded their honorary silver medal to 

 fiis Report. 



To these flicts in favor of bone manure, others 

 must, however, be also stated of an opposite ten- 

 dency, particularly when placed in opposition to 

 farm-yard manure, to which we wish to call espe- 

 cial attention in comparison with bones, as being 

 at the command of every farmer. 



On the estate of Mr. Evans, jun., of Dean 

 House, also in the county of Oxford, bones were 

 tried lor the wheat crop upon calcareous stony land, 

 in comparison with stable-yard manure; but the 

 dung had so greatly the advantage, that the bone 

 crop appeared but little if any degree better than 

 that on soil without any manure whatever.! 



On the lands of Mr. Hawden, in Kincardine- 

 shire, turnips were sown in the month of June, on 

 various soils, in drills laid off at 27 inches apart: 

 the manure was laid on in single Scotch acres ; 

 and the produce of the roots, exclusive of tops, ac- 

 curately weighed, as follows: — 



On a mixture of stifFclay and gravel, 

 12 tons of farm-yard manure produced 26 tons 8 cwt. 

 Ih „ bone-dust „ 23 „ 12 „ 



On a soft sandy soil, naturally inclined to moor, 

 16 tons of farm-yard manure produced 29 tons 12 cwt. 

 11 „ bone-dust „ 24 „ 16 „ 



On a sandy light soil, sown the following year, 

 16 tons of farm-yard manure produced 25 tons 16 cwt. 

 1 ,, bone-dust „ 23 „ 18 „ 



10 cwt, horn-shavings, mixed ^ 

 with 1 cart-load of hen- I 

 dung and 9 ditto coal- [ 

 ashes J 



It is also remarkable, that although three of 

 the drills were spread unmixed with the horn-sha- 

 vings, which are considered as a more powerful 

 manure than bone, yet they only produced at the 

 rate ol' 2 tons 13 cwt. per acre. J 



On Mr. Boswell's farm of Kingcaussie, in Kin- 

 cardineshire, two acres of Norlblk globe turnips 

 were drilled upon poor high ground, reclaimed 

 from moor, and 



20 cart-loads, or tons, of dung produced 32 tons 14 cwt. 

 li ton of bones „ 28 „ 13 „ 



On the same farm, in another year, the season 

 of 1824 being cold and wet operated very much 

 against the turnips which were manured with 



20 



* Prize Essays of the Highland Society, N. S., vol. 

 i. p. 75, communicated by Mr. G. Sinclair. 



t Ibid. p. 77, communicated by Mr. G. Sinclair. 



X Prize Essays of the Highland Society, N. S., vol. 

 i. p. 63. 



