1S36.J 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



391 



The third navicrabic river is called Toppahanock. 

 (This is navitraltTe some 130 niyles.) At the top 

 of it inhabit'' the people called iManiiahoacks 

 amongst the niountaincs, but they are aboue the 

 place we described. Vpon this river on the north 

 side are the people Cutlatawomen, with 30 figiit- 

 ing men. Ilijjher are the iMorauti'htacands, with 

 80. Beyond them Kapahanock with 100. Far 

 aboue is another Ciittatawo.men with 20. On the 

 south is the pleasant seat ofNantan^htacund hav- 

 ing 150 men. This river also, as the two lornicr, 

 is replenished with fish and foule. 



The fourth river is called Patawomeke, 6 or 7 

 myles in breadth. It is navigable 140 myles, and 

 fed as the rest with manysweet rivers and sprincs, 

 which iail from the bordering hils. These hils 

 many ofthem are planted, and yeeld no lesse plen- 

 tie and varietie of ti-uit, then the river exceede'h 

 with abundance of fish. It is inhabited on both 

 sides. First on the south side at the very entrance 

 is Wighcoromocn, and hath some 130 men, be- 

 yond them Sekacawone with 30. The Onawma- 

 nient with 100. And the Patawomekes more 

 then 200. Here doth the river divide itselfe into 3 

 or 4 convenient branches. The greatest of the 

 least is called Quiyongh, trending northwest, but 

 the river it selle lurneth northeast, and is still a na- 

 vigable streame. On the westerne side of this 

 bought is Tauxenent with 40 men. On the north 

 of this river is Secowocomoco with 40. Some- 

 what further Potapaco with 20. In the east part 

 is Paraacaeack with 60. After JMoyowance with 

 100. And lastly, Nocotchtanke with 80. The ri- 

 ver aboue this place niaketh his passage downe a 

 low pleasant valley overshaddowcd in many places 

 with high rocky mountaines; from whence distill 

 innumerable sweet and pleasant springs. 



The flit river is called Pawtuxunt, of a lesse 

 proportion then rest; but the channell is 16 fadome 

 deepe in some places. Here are infinit skuls of 

 divers kindes of fish more then elsewhere. Vpon 

 this river dwell the people called Acquintanack- 

 suak, Pawtuxunt, and Mattapanient. Two hun- 

 dred men was the greatest strength that could be 

 there perceived. But they inhabit together, and 

 not so dispersed as the rest. These of all other 

 we found most civill to giue intertainement. 



Thirtie leajjues northward is a river not inhab- 

 ited, yet navigable; for the red clay resembling 

 bole Jlrmoniack we called it Bolus. At the end of 

 the Bay where it is 6 or 7 myles in breadth, it di- 

 vides it selle into 4 branches, the best commeth 

 northwest from among the mountaines, but though 

 canows may goe a dayes iourney or two vp it, we 

 could not get two myles vp it with our boat for 

 rockes. Vpon it is seated the Sasquesahanocks: 

 neare it north and by west runneth a creeke a 

 myle and a halfe: at the head whereof the ebbe 

 left vs on shore, where we found many trees cut 

 with hatchets. The next tyde keepinif the shore 

 to seeke for some salvages, (for within thirtie 

 leagues sayling, we saw not any, being a barren 

 country,) we went vp another small river like a 

 creeke 6 or 7 myle. From thence returning we 

 met 7 canowes of the Massowomeks, with whom 

 we had conference by signes, for we vnderstood 

 one another scarce a word: the next day we dis- 

 covered the small river and people of Tockwhogh 

 trending eastward. 



Having lost our grapnell among the rocks of 

 Sasquesahanocks, we were then neare 200 myles 



from home, and our barge about' two tuns, and 

 had in it but twelve men to perfbrme tliis discovery, 

 wherein we lay about 12 weekes vpon those great 

 waters in those vnknowne countries, having noth- 

 in(>- but a little meale, oatemeale and water to feed 

 vs, and scarce lialle sufficient of that for halle that 

 time, but what provision we iiot amonfr the salva- 

 LTos, and such rootes and fish as we caught by ac- 

 cident, and Gods direction; nor had we a mariner 

 nor any had skill to trim the sayles but two say- 

 lers and my sclfe, the rest being gentlemen, or 

 tliern were as ignorant in such toyle and labour. 

 Yet necessitie in a short time, by good words and 

 examples, made them doe that that caused them 

 ever after to feare no colours. What I did with 

 this small nieanes 1 leaue to the reader to iudge, 

 and the mappe 1 mad? of the country, which is 

 but a small matter in regard of the magnitude 

 thereof. But to proceed, 60 of those Sasquesa- 

 hanocks came to vs with skins, bowes, arrows, 

 targets, beads, swords and tobacco pipes for pre- 

 sents. Such great and well proportioned men are 

 siddome seene, for they seemed like giants to the 

 English, yea and to the neighbours, yet seemed of 

 an honest and simple disposition, with much adoe 

 restrained from adoring vs as Gods. Those are 

 the strangest people of all those countries, both in 

 lan<;uage and attire; for their lantjuage it may well 

 beseeme their proportions, sounding from them, as 

 a voyce in a vault. Their attire is the skinnes 

 of beares and woolucs ; some haue cassacks 

 made of beares heads and skinnes, that a mans 

 head goes through the skinnes neck, and the eares 

 of the beare fastened to his shoulders, the nose 

 and teeth hanging downe his breast, another 

 beares face split beliind him, and at the end of the 

 nose hung a pawe, the halfe sleeues comining to 

 the elbowes were the neckes of beares, and the 

 armes through the mouth with pawes hanging at 

 their noses. One had the head of a woIfe hang- 

 ing in a chaine for a jewel!, his tobacco pipe three 

 quarters of a yard lono;, prettily carued with a bird, 

 a deere, or some such devise at the great end, suf- 

 ficient to beat out ones braines: witli bowes, ar- 

 rowes, and clubs, sutable to their greatnesse. 

 These are scarce knowne to Powhatan. They 

 can make neare 600 able men, and are pallisadoed 

 in their townes to defend them from the Massawo- 

 mekes their mortall enemies. Fine of their chiefe 

 Werowances came aboord vs and crossed the bay 

 in their barge. The picture of the greatest of 

 them is signified in the mappe ; the calfe of 

 whose leg was three quarters of a yard about, and 

 all the rest of his limbes so answerable to that pro- 

 portion, that he seemed the goodliest man we ever 

 beheld. His hayre, the one side was long, the 

 other shore close with a ridge over his crowne like 

 a cocks combe. His arrowes were fine quarter.^ 

 long, lieaded with the splinters of a while christall- 

 like stone, in forme of a heart, an inch broad, and 

 an inch and a halfe or more long. Tliese he 

 wore in a woolues skinne at his backe for his qui- 

 ver, his bow in the one hand and his clubbe in the 

 other, as is described. 



On the east side the bay, is the river Tock- 

 whogh, and vpon it a people that can make 100 

 men, seated some seaven myles within the river: 

 Vv'here they haue a fort very well pallisadoed and 

 mantelled with barkes of trees. Next them is 

 Ozinies with sixty men. More to the south ofthat 

 east side of the bay, the river Rapahanock, neere 



