1^36.] 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



573 



would send furlher south, if a disposition is shown 

 to enija^c in the ciiliiire. His direclions lor the 

 culture are very simple. It is iisualiy sown hroj'.d- 

 cas!, but it may, perhaps, be belter cuhivalcd in 

 drills about two and a balf/eet apart, by those who 

 would bestow a little' extra pains. The proper 

 time for sowing would be, in ihis-countrv, almuf 

 the usnal time f>f" plantiuir eorn. It will jirow 

 well on light sandy lands, that arc suitable f<ir the 

 cuiiivation of rye. The 2;round may be rich, if 

 it is intended for seed the first year, but for manu- 

 fiicluring into indiijo, the stalK's ^n rich (ground 

 contain too much gelaiine, which is a serious de- 

 triment, both to the process of manufacturinif, and 

 to the quality of the article. In India, it furnishes 

 two culliuiis in the season; here, probably, but 

 one could be raised. It is cut when about one- 

 fourth of the blossoms have unfolded, and will re- 

 quire the same precautions in the curing, as clover 

 hay, and in every respect, the same management. 

 A simple extract from the green or dried planr, 

 makes a very permanent dye, when set with alum ; 

 hence it may prov^e of value to those planters who 

 manufiicture any kind of clothing for their families. 

 Mr. Haines, tlie gentleman alluded to, is so c-nfi- 

 dent of its success, even in this latitude, (N. J.), 

 that he intends to superintend the cultivation and 

 manufacture of a considerable quantity the next 

 season, and if he shoidd succeed, hopes to be able 

 to re supply himself with seed liom the south. He 

 is firmly convinced, that with the means within 

 the reach of southern planters, indigo may be 

 made to rival any of their staple productions in 

 value, particularly on lanils which are too much 

 exhausted for the cultivation of cotton or tobacco. 

 His choice of land here is the pine region, wdiich I 

 suppose to be very similar to that of the south. 



Accept my sincere thanks for the copy of j'our 

 invaluable "Essay on Calcareous Manures."' It 

 has been my text book in mv fiirming operations 

 since I first met with it. We have been using 

 marl (green sand) here for many years, and Time 

 very fi-eely for the last ten years ; but I must freely 

 acknowledge that I have been working in the dark 

 untU I adopted your excellent theory, as the basis 

 of my operations with those valuable materials — 

 and yet my library is not, deficient in standard ag- 

 ricidtural works and periodicals. In looking over 

 your third volume, a ,^evv days ago, I v^'as induced 

 to make the Ibllowing entry in my note book. You 

 will do me a great favor hy rej)lyiiig to it in the 

 Resister, as soon as convenient. " I observe -in 

 some remarks appended to an article- from Sin- 

 clair's Code of Agriculture on ' Bones as a manure, 

 and on the use of sea shells, shell mar|, and coral, 

 for the same beneficial purposes;' in the third 

 volumeofRufRn's Farmers' Reiiisier, at paf>-6 600, 

 the editor objects to the author's ascrihina equal vir- 

 tues to pounded oyster shells as to pounded bones, 

 as a manure, and gives as a reason thjif oystershells 

 are entirely composed of carbonate of lime, except 

 a very small portion of gelatinous animal matter. 

 Now, I should like to know, from the worthy edi- 

 tor, how he reconciles this opinion with his expe- 

 riment on fresh water nniscle shel's, di-^solved in a 

 weak mixture of muriatic acid and water, (Kssay 

 on Calcareous Manures, pages 30 and 31.) or 

 whether the experiment will not show tlie same 

 result with oyster shells— fur on the streno-ili of 

 this ex|)erime!it, without having heard of ground 

 oyster bIicHs having been used, (though I have 



since read of Mr. Coke's and other experiments,) 

 I liad determined to erect a -mill lor breaking them 

 by horse power, after the manner of the old fash- 

 ioned bark-mills, i;:~:- ' ! ■ *'"- laiinrrs."- 



[For want of space and tiaio, in closing this No., 

 we must postpone for the n^xt publicalion, the re- 

 marks \\ hich the foregoing letter calls for.] 



From tlio Columbia (S. C.) Telescope. 

 TF.rnUTC TO THE KORTII. 



J3y Senator Preston. 



Mr. PresJon, in his speech concerninj; the rail 

 road, on Monday iasr, (Irew a very strikinnr con- 

 trast between the diflerence of diaracter^of the 

 people of the northern and southern parts of the 

 Union, and ihe consequently opposite condition of 

 the countries that they iidiabil. 



He said, that no southern man can journe)^ (as 

 he had lately done,) through the northern states, 

 and witness the prosperity, the industry, the pub- 

 lic sfiirit, which ihey exhibit — the sedulous culti- 

 vation of all those arts by which life is rendered 

 comlbriable and respectable — without (eelinus of 

 deep sadness and shan:e, as he remembers his 

 own neglected and desolate home. There, no 

 dwelling is to be seen abandoned, no farm uncul- 

 tivated, no man idle, no waterfall, even, unemploj^- 

 "(\. E\ er\- person and every thiiig perlurms a part 

 towards the grand result, and the whole land is 

 covered with lertile fields, with manuliictures, and 

 canals, and rail roads, and public edifices, and 

 towns and cities. Along the route of the great 

 New York Carial, (that glorious monument of the 

 glorious memory of De Witt Clinton) a canal, a 

 rail road, and a turnpike, are to be seen in the 

 width of perhaps a hundred yards, each of them 

 crowded with travel, or overflowing with com- 

 merce. Thoughout their course-, lands ihat be- 

 fore their ccrnstruction would scarcely command 

 five dollars the acre, now sell for fitly, seventy- 

 five, or a hundred. Passing along it, you see no 

 space of three miles without a. town or village, 

 and you are never out the sound of the church 

 bell. 



We of the south are mistaken in the character 

 of these people, when we think of them only as 

 pedlers in horn flints and bark nutmegs. Their 

 energy and enterprise are directed to all objects, 

 great and small, within their reach. At the fall 

 of a scanty rivulet they set up their little manu- 

 factory of vvooden buttons and combs — they plant 

 a barren hill-side with broom corn, and make il 

 into brooms at the bottom — and on its top they 

 erect a windmill. Thus at a single stop you may 

 see the air, ihe earth and the water, all working 

 for them. But at the same time the ocean is 

 whitened to its extremities with the sails of their 

 ships, and the land is covered with their works of 

 art and usefiilness. 



Massachiisetis is perhaps the most flourishing 

 of the northern states. Yet of natural produc- 

 tions she exports but two articles — granite find 

 ice. Absolutely no; hinii; but rncA: one/ ?ce .' Every 

 thing else of her commerce, flom which she de- 

 rives so much, is artificial — the work of her own 

 hands. 



