153 



NEW ENGLAiND FARMER. 



NE'W EiVGLAND FARI;IE R. 



SATURDAY, UECF.MBKR 13, 1023. 



HydTBstatic Frtss.—V^'e have seen at the shop of P. 

 Dow, No. 21 1-2, Marlboro'-street, a Hydrostatic Press, 

 made by said Uovv, which was designed for a Prinl- 

 tT's Slajiding Press, and which, we learn, has been 

 put'up at the office of the North American Review. 



This Press, by an easy proceFS, is capable of giving a 

 pressure of 150 tons. The principle on which it ope- 

 rates, is similar to that which effects what is called the 

 Hi/droslatic Parado.r, by which a man by the power of 

 his breath only, blowing into a bellows, through a small 

 pipe, can raise the weight of his body. AVater is forc- 

 ed by the pressure of a piston, in a pump, through a 

 small eduction pipe, into a cylindrical vessel, contain- 

 ing a larger piston, which is elevated by a power pro- 

 portioned to the difference between the square of the 

 diameter of the piston in the forcing pump, and the 

 square of the diameter of the ])iston which gives the 

 pressure, multiplied by the power of lever obtained by 

 the pump handle. This power can be increased toauy 

 amount which can be required, with no other difficulty 

 than the intutficiency of the strongest materials to meet 

 the pressure which may be thus obtained. This diffi- 

 culty, however, may be obviated by safety valves ; and 

 as this power can be ascertained and applied to a frac- 

 tion of a pound, it is, of course, easily so managed that 

 the machine may give exactly the pressure which may 

 be required. 



This machine may be applied to various uses, among 

 which may be numbered packing of goods in a bleache- 

 ry, compressing cotton, hay, tobacco, linseed oil, cider 

 from pomage, paper making, &c. &c. We consider it 

 as one of the first inventions of the age, and believe it 

 will supersede all other presses, where a powerful and 

 regular pressure is a desideratum. 



Premium Clover Seed Machine. — In our advertising 

 department, in this day's paper, will be found a con- 

 cise account of a Machine invented by Thomas D. Bnr- 

 rall, Ksq. of Geneva, in the state of iS'ew-York. We 

 have not seen the Machine, and are not personally ac- 

 quainted with the inventor. But from the respectability 

 of the characters of the gentlemen, who have recom- 

 mended it, we can have no doubt of its utility. We 

 hope that the attention of our New England agricultu- 

 rists will be directed to this invention, and would re- 

 commend it to Mr. Burrall to forward one or more of 

 his mac'-iines to the Agricultural Establishmtnt, No. 

 20, Merchants' Row, Boston, preparatory to its islio- 

 ductiou in this vicinity. 



FOREIGN. 



T/ie Grerh appear to be advancing on the highway 

 to ultimate success. Accounts from Jpsara of August 

 23, inform that "The same spirit of enthusiasm conti- 

 nues to prevail here in favor of independence and rela- 

 tively to any attack which might be made onJhe island 

 by the Turkish fleet, the inhabitants arc perfectly easy, 

 and have persuaded themselves that the island is im- 

 pregnalile. Fourteen brigs have sailed from this island 

 to join the Greek flotillas assembled at Hydra, as had 

 been agreed on. But since their departure, an Envoy 

 from Hydra has arrived here, and has excited new ar- 

 dor, by speaking like one inspired, of glorious prospects 

 on the eve of being realized and asking for fresh assist- 

 ance to achieve the most brilliant success at sea. In 

 consequence six or eight vessels are fitting out with all 

 speed to be sent to Hydra !" 



A later article, dated Smyrna, 8ept. 5, informs that 

 " The Hydriotes, Spt zziotes and Ipsariots have left Hy- 

 dra with a fleet of 7j sail iu pursuit of the Capt. Pacha." 



Spain. — An article, dated at Madrid, Oct. 7, states, I 

 " Riego has been tried and condemned to death. He 

 will be transferred one of these days to the Town Prison. 

 Cavia was his judge, the nephew of the Bishop of Os- 

 ma, one of the Regents, and the crime in the act of ac- 

 cusation is the having voted as a deputy of the Cortes 

 for the deposition of the King during his translation to 

 C'adiz, and the no.nination of a Regency. It is impossible 

 to form an idea of the horrible treatment to which this 

 unfortunate man has been subjected. By a refinement 

 in cruelty worthy of the serviles, the custody of his per- 

 son was confided to Luthea one of the chiefs of the re- 

 bellion of the 7th of .luly, who took a pleasure in tor- 

 menting the prisoners in every possible manner. The 

 populace were permitted, on the first day, to approach 

 the dungeon in which Ricgo was confined, and to load 

 him with insults." 



Dreadful ralaslroph'e at Whilehaven. — A most mel- 

 ancholy accident happened last Monday evening, in the 

 Wm. Pitt (colliery) near Whitehaven, occasioned by 

 an explosion of fire-damp, in consequence of which 

 thirty-two persons were unfortunately killed, namely, 

 fourteen men, 16 boys, and two girls. Seventeen hors- 

 es were also killed. It is impossible to ascertain the 

 particulars of this terrible catastrophe. That the ex- 

 plosion was occasioned by an accumulation of fire-damp, 

 is almost all that is certainly known. The colliei 

 were strictly enjoined to use the Uavy safety-lamp 

 but, ates I familiarity with danger commonly engen- 

 ders a contempt for it ; and it now appears that some in- 

 dividual had disregarded the injunctions which were re- 

 peatedly issued for the general benefit. The unfortu- 

 nate sufferers had nearly completed their day's work, 

 and in less than half-an-honr would heve left the pit ! 

 It is by no means unlikely that some one of the suf- 

 ferers for his own convenience or indulgence, removed 

 the safety cylinder of his lamp, or otherwise subjected it 

 to improper treatment, and, by so doing ignited the nox 

 ious vapor. It is already observed that a number of 

 horses are killed ; and it may here be added, that some 

 of their drivers escaped in a manner almost miraculous 

 Carlisle {Eng.) Palriol. 



DOMESTIC. 



Meetir)g of Congress and the Presidents ^fpssagc. — 

 Monday Dec. 1st both houses assembled, and the usual 

 appointments were made in the Senate. Henry Clay 

 was chosen Speaker of the House without opposition, 

 Mr. Taylor, of New York, having declined being a can- 

 didate. Mr. Clay, on taking the chair, addressed the 

 House iu an eloquent and pertinent speech. 



On the 2d Dec. the President's Message was commu- 

 nicated. It commences with some observations on the ! 

 importance of the interests, which claimed attention, j 

 in consequence of the condition of the civilized world, 

 and its bearing on us. The President then proceeds to i 

 give in detail a view of p'lblic affairs, and states that i 

 a precise knowledge of our relations with foreign pow- ! 

 ers is at this juncture peculiary necessary. — That the' 

 Commissioners under the fjth article of the treaty of ^ 

 Ghent having disagreed relative to that portion of the 

 lin\iudary between the territories of the United States 

 and of Great Britain the establishment of which had 

 been submitted to them, a proposal has been made by 

 our government, anei acceded to by that of Great Rri- 

 tain, to endeavor to establish that boundary by amica- 

 ble negotiation, and likewise the commercial intercourse 

 between the United States and the British colonies in 

 this hemisphere. — The negotiation with the French go- 

 vernment for indenuiity for losses sustained in the late 

 wars, by the citizens of the United States, by unjustifi- 

 able seizures and confiscations of their property has not 

 had the desired effect, and a minister will be appointed 

 to proceed to France to resume the negotiation on this 

 and other subjects. — In conformity to a proposal made 

 by the Russian government a negotiation is authorized 

 to arrange the rights and interests of the two nations on 

 the north west coast of this continent. — In conformity 

 with a resolution of the House of Representatives, in- 

 structions have been given to our Foreign ministers to 

 ])ropose the proscription of the African slave trade, 

 in classing it under the denomination, and inflicting 

 on its perpetrators the punishment of piracy. — Instruc- 

 tions have been given to our ministers with France, 

 Russia and Great Britain to make proposals to their re- 

 spective governments to prohibit privateering in future 



wars. — The public finances are represented as being 

 a flourishing state, and estimated that " there will i 

 main in the public Treasury on the first day of Janu9 

 next, a surplus of nearly nine millions of dollars."— 

 favorable account is given of the state of the army 

 respects its organization and discipline, and of the Ibi 

 fications, the services of the Board of Engineers, a 

 the Topographical Corps and the perfection of the t 

 cipline of the Military Academy. — The state of the I 

 litia is adverted to and recommended to the attenti 

 of Congress. — The Report of the Secretary of the Na 

 is referred to as furnishing an account of the admir 

 tration of that department. The patriotic zeal and > 

 terprize of Com. Porter are spoken of in terms of: 

 probation. Orders have been given to all our pul 

 sliips to seize and bring in American vessels engaged 

 the Slave Trade, but none so employed have been ( 

 covered. The conduct and services of the navy i 

 highly commemded, and the President observes tl 

 " it is supposed that higher grades than now exift 

 law would be useful." — A Report of the Posln ai 

 General is referred to as shewing the present slate 

 that department, and its general operations for so 

 years past. " There is established by law eighty-eij 

 thousand six hundred miles of post roads on which i 

 mail is now transported eighty-five thousand seven hi 

 dred miles! There are five thousand two hundred a 

 forty post-offices in the Union and as many postmasti 

 Although the postage which has accrued within' 

 last three years has fallen short of the expenditu 

 two hundred and sixty-two dollars and forty-six eel 

 it appears that collections have been made from ' 

 out standing demands." — A review of the tariff is rea 

 mended for the purpose of affording additional pro! 

 tion to those articles which we are prepared to ma' 

 facture, or which are moreimmediately connected ti 

 the defence and independence of the country. — W 

 respect to the public accounts, the President rema 

 that " of the money, drawn from the Treasury si 

 the 4th of March, one thousand eight hundrn! and 

 ventcen, the sum remaining t]U.accouiited frr on 

 thirtieth of September last, is more than a million i 

 ahalf of dollars less than on the thirtieth of Sepb 

 ber preceding; and during the same period a red I 

 tion of nearly a million of dollars has been made id I 

 unsettled accounts for money, advanced previoiisl; 

 the fourth of Mr.rch, one thousand eight luui.li . il : 



seventeen." The struggles and sofleiiny- i.i 



Greeks are spoken of as subjects of sympaibv, a? 

 hope expressed that Greece will be.-ome agai:; an 

 dependent nation. — Pome notice is taken of the el ' 

 made by Spain and Portugal to improve the • 

 of the people of those countries, and it is iuli-.n.iu dl 

 it would best comport with our policy to take i.o] 

 in European concerns. But as regards the " 

 iTvents who have declared their independeiic 

 maintained it, and whose independence we iisve, 

 great consideration, and on just principles aeknt wlf 

 ed, we ccHild not view any interposition for the pnrp 

 of oppressing them, or controlling, in any otln 

 their destiny by any European power, in any otherl^ 

 than as a manifestation of an unfriendly disposilioff 

 wards the United States."— The Message is toi.rloi 

 by a summary view of the improvements in all the' 

 cumstanees, which constitute the happiness r.l a nat 

 which this country has exhibited in the acqiii-^ilioii 

 territory, increase and expansion of population, » 

 the happy effects which have followed from (he iA 

 tion of the constitution, in "elevating the cha 

 and in protecting the rights of the nation, as well 

 individuals." 



Cheshire Bank Bills. — We have seen one of the | 

 terfeited bills, since our last. The check lettel^ 

 and not D, as we had been previously informed, 

 further evident that the true dies have not been { 

 if there is any truth in the story that they hadl 

 stolen. The engraving of the counterftit bill is f 

 means perfect, and its general appearance, (thona 

 imitation is remarkably good) is sufficient to dete^ 

 ftaud, after once comparing the good with the 1 

 The following marks are irifallil'le. In tlie badji 

 the end of the sickle in the hand of the vignette^ 

 rises above the roof of the house, and in the true 

 it falls short. In the true bills, over the word 

 Dollars.'" printed oralli/. in the left hand die plat 

 little o's are perfecty legible, in a chain — in thcf 

 lerfeits they do not fall below the other wor^ 



