NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



and fallowinsf, nnd other agricultural 

 cts connected vvith chemistry. 



Lectures on Diidng, in which tlie nature 

 preparation of Colors, and the use of mor- 



will he explained, kc. 

 hese will be followed by lectures on -ft/cHc/i- 

 on the manufactory of potter;/ and porcc- 



mical constitution of plants ; the phenomena I funds, (he institution is dependant upon public 

 eo^etation; the constituent parts and analy- patroiiasjo. Nor will they, it is believed be 

 of soils, and their improvement; manures, [ withheld t'rom the only institution desin-ncd to 

 etable, animal, and mineral; the use of, give appropriate instruction to the farmer, the 



mecli;mic,thc navigator and the merchant, wliile 

 liberal provision has been always made for edu- 

 cating young men for the learned professions. 



Uefore venturing to commence a plan, which 

 the projectors were sensible was far too great 

 lor their means to carry into successful operation, 

 they stated in their petition to the legislature 

 with their glazings, &c. : — on the prepara- j I'or an incorporation, what they had been able 

 of cements : — on tanning : — the manufactory ! to do towards the object, but that their exertions 

 ot and pearl ashes : — of glass : — and on those alone would be unable to effect it, " and that 

 r mechanical arts, connected with chemis- they must rely upon the patronao-e of the State 

 which are most practiced, and of the great- for the power of carrying this plan into effect 

 importance. _-■-■.! j; . ,, .... 



II. Mechanical Course. 



Statics ; the mechanical powers ; the de- 



t and collision of bodies, and the vibration 



indulums ; the maximum effect of machines, 



other subjects belonging to common me- 



Mechanical agents ; the elementary parts 

 :onstruction of machines ; the regulation of 

 linery ; friction. 



Dynamics; which treats of the action of 

 s. when they give rise to motion. 

 Hydrostatics and hydraulics; water wheels 

 lulic machinery. 



Mechanical properties of air, and other 

 fluids ; pneumatical engines ; pump ; 



1 engine. 



scription of some of the most important 

 ines with the theory of their operations, 

 rpentry ; strength of' timber and other ma- 

 Is ; equilibrium of arches; civil archifec- 



Mechanical principles, upon which agri- 

 •al implements are constructed, 

 iides the above, a course on Mineralogy is 

 mplated, which will embrace such parts of 

 :ience as are of greatest practical value 

 extensive importance of minerals in fur- 

 g manures, paints, and glazings for wares, 

 heir use in dyeing and a thousand other 

 render some knowledge of mineralogy 

 V important in a country, which will 

 less prove rich in mineral treasures, 

 hort course will also be given on the dif- 

 branches of experimental philosophy, 

 stism. Electricity and Optics, and upon 

 loray. 



2 Trustees have been alwavs desirous of 

 ;■ a farm connected with the institution, 

 which, the students, whilst enjoying salu- 

 xercise, might practically acquire such a 

 edge of agriculture, as would be of use to 

 through life, and at the same time, enable 

 in an honorable way. to discharge, by 

 3wn exertions, part of the expenses of 

 3oard. This object they hope soon to be 

 to accomplish. A donation of a small 

 duable piece of land, has recently been 

 to the institution near the Lyceum, well 

 d to agricultural experiments ; and at a 

 eetitig of the Trustees and visitors, it was 

 in both Boards to be expedient, that a Pro- 

 hip of agriculture, of botany and of chem- 

 s applied to the arts should be established, 

 ofessor to enter upon the duties of his 



as early in the ensuing spring, as the 

 )f the iastitutioa will allow. For these 



notwithstanding the exertions they have already 

 made." 



173 



soF, and will be con<lucted with as much care 

 and accuracy, as the nature of the case will ad- 

 mit. 



It would be endless to point out the various 

 experiments which tni;,'-ht be pursued upon such 

 a farm, calculated to furnish important results. 

 It is the intention of the Trustees that the labor 

 done by the students shouUl contribute to dimin- 

 ish their expenses. This object will be more 

 easily accomplished whenever they shall be able 

 to have a building on the premises for the stu- 

 dents to lodge and board in. The labor on the 

 farm will be altogether voluntary. No student 

 will be obliged to work unless he chooses, but 

 it is presumed that even those, who do not 

 intend to become farmers, will find the labor 

 on the farm a pleasant occupation, independent 



of every other consideration, and in a moral 

 The Legislature, the last winter, made to ! P°'"' of view, the substitution of a pleasing 



the institution a donation,* which enabled it to 

 continue its existence, and to purchase part of 

 the books and apparatus, which were indispen- 

 sably requisite. The committee of both houses 

 of the Legislature, who had the subject under 

 consideration, were satisfied, that a much larger 

 sum was requisite to enable the institution" to 

 go fairly into operation, and the bill, as passed 

 by the Senate, gave the tax upon the Gardiner 

 bank for three years ; but the house, with a 

 caution, becoming in those, who are the consti- 

 tutional guardians of the public purse, reduced 

 the term, for which the tax was granted from 

 three years to one, so that while the institution 

 might not be deprived of what It could realise 

 in the ensuing year from the grant as passed by 

 the Senate, it would be obliged to a|)ply to the 

 next Legislature, and the grant might then be 

 continued or withheld, as the institution slioidd 

 prove itself worthy or otherwise of the public 

 patronage. 



Another instructer having become absolutely 

 necessary, it was deemed by both boards highly 

 important that this additional instructer should 

 be a permanent professor of agriculture, under 

 whose superintendence, the farm which they 

 had always contemplated, might be carried in- 

 to operation, rather than a temporary assistant. 

 In establishing this professorship in connexion 

 with a farm the Trustees believe, that thev shall 

 render an important service to the agriculture 

 of the State. As however, it must be a year or 

 more before the land designed for the farm can 

 be brought into a state fit for agricultural ex- 

 periments, the Trustees wish to mature their 

 plan fully and have it approved by the visitors, 

 before they lay it before the public. They 

 now give hints of their design, which will be 

 modified as found expedient. The principal 

 objects which the Trustees have in view, in es- 

 tablishing the professorship in connexion with 

 a practical farm are— 1st, To give to the future 

 agriculturist the knowledge of those principles 

 of science upon which his future success depends, 

 and to let him see them reduced to practice. 

 2d, To furnish a beneficial employment as re- 

 creation. 3d, To diminish the expenses of 

 board ; and 4th, To try a series of agricultural 

 experiments adapted to the soil and climate of 

 Mame. These experiments will be tried by 

 the students, under the direction of the profes- 



The donation was one thon-iauJ dollars from the 

 State Treasury and th.j fax upon the Gardiner Bank 

 lor one year amgunting to anoliier thousand dollars. 



occupation, connected with the highest utility, 

 for the idle sports of their age, cannot but 

 have an important influence on their future 

 character in life. 



The Trustees hope to be able to provide 

 some suitable employment for those young 

 men, who may attend the institution with a 

 view of becoming mechanics, by which they 

 may be enabled to discharge their expenses. 

 Another object of the Trustees is to collect 

 the best models of useful tools and machines. 

 A room will be appropriated to these models, 

 where they will be properly arranged and open 

 to the inspection of the public, and the Trustees 

 take this opportunity of thanking those gentle- 

 men who have already presented them with 

 models of their inventions. The advantages, 

 which would accrue from such an establishment 

 are highly important, but must be obvious. 

 In conclusion, the Trustees will only add, 

 that, as public good was the sole motive for 

 establishing the Lyceum, so it is the governing 

 principle in all their measures. The whole 

 plan has been arranged with a single reference 

 to the wants of the public, and encouraged as 

 the Trustees have been by the patronage they 

 have already received, by the full approbation 

 of gentlemen, distinguished not only for science 

 but for practical views, and by the interest which 

 is kindling through our widely extended coun- 

 try in the improvement of Agriculture, Manu- 

 factures and the Arts, they cannot but hope 

 that the first school, xvhich has been establish- 

 ed for the express benefit of the Farmer and 

 the Mechanic, will not be permitted by an en- 

 lightened public to languish for want of encou- 

 ragement and support. 



R. H. GARDINER, per order. 

 Gardiner, Me. A''ov. 1823. 



Reports of the several Committees of the Worcester 

 Agricultural Society. 



REPORT No. III. 



Committee on Sheep. 



Nathaniel P. Denny, of Leicester, Chairman ; James 



Wilder, of Sterling ; Willard Rice, of Spencer. 



The Committee on Sheep are happy in 



being able to state, that the exhibition of fine- 



woolled Sheep the present year, far exceed* 



that of any preceding year. 



The views of our yeomanry are approximat- 

 ing to the high estimation to which these invalu- 

 able animals are entitled. Their utility, however, 

 is not as yet sufficiently appreciated ^ when tbia 



