NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



10 ring and fcMid {he sulphur not dimish- 

 <l i" quanlify, '"it rather increaseil in its oilour, 

 •oil ronlinement. As the result of this experi- 

 I Ml Jilt not diminish my incredulity, I select- 

 d Tiiother ^e^t which I opened and tilled with 

 ]li h'lr and havinaf wrapped a coverins: ol pa- 

 ir round the nest to confine the insects I lelt 

 icin r.omi>lpteiy enveloped and exposed to the 

 ill force oi'ihe noxious druar for about twenty- 



ur lionrs when finding them ki the enjoyment 

 f iierfect he.illh and vigor, 1 subjected 

 10111 to the fumes of burning sulphur, to 



hich Ihey did not yield until scorched by the 

 laze. This closed my experiments and con 

 rilled my scepticism. We may now appeal to 

 10 writer olthe article in the Hartford Mercu- 

 y lor a reply to the following queries. 



1st. At what season of the year was the ex- 

 criment made ? 



-il. What species of worm were the subjects, 

 le apple-tree caterpillar, by some called web- 



orm (Phalffna neustria) or the canker worm 

 Phalsena Vernata Peckii*) or the cherry and 

 lurnb tree weevel (Rhynchaenus Cerasi) ? 



lid. When the worms where observed to 

 jandon the trees, were they examined to as- 

 irtain whether they were actually dead ? 



If the fumes of sulphur will, through the 

 lediura of the circulations in the tree, destroy 

 le kind af worms it may be supposed to prove 

 tal to other insects and the discovery must be 

 )Dj;idered as highly important. But for the 

 jstrnction of the common caterpillar, we need 

 )t the aid of a single point in philosophy, nor 

 .en the semblance of mysterious operation, 

 nee by a little altentioii and industry we may 



r iliilatfi (he whole tribe. We have only to 

 -ii our orchard once jn three or four days 

 iiiiii; the month of iVlay, when they are just 

 iceping into existence, and crush with' the 

 inorsor otherwise, those within rcafih, and to 

 iiploy Pickering's brush for those in high 

 lu.iiions and nothing further will be requisite. 

 he reader will find in the AmcrJcun Orchardist 

 irllicr particulars relative to Ihis subject. 

 JAMES THACHER. 



Fbjmouth, May, 1324. 



* The tc-iui Peckii was added in honor to that indus- 

 ious and eminent naturalist, the late Professor 



■jck. 



GARDINER LYCEUM. 

 For the accommodation of those, who can- 

 ot, on account of time and expense, attend the 

 ,\ coum in the regular classes, the Trustees 

 ,'ive voted to establish Winter classes, which 

 rill commence the third Wednesday of Novem- 



•.kt annually, and continue till the close of the 



lipring term in Ihe April following. 



[ The classes of this kind, which they at 



Present contemplate, are 1 . A class in Surveying ; 



.'—2. \n Kavigotion ; — 3. \u Carpentry and Civil 



lirchileclure ; and 4. In Chemistry. The follow- 

 ng is the arrangement of the studies of each 



• ;la=s. 



I \. In Surveying, Elementary problems in 

 jeometry. — Trigonometry with its application 

 Heights and distances. — Different methods of 

 naking Surveys. — Protracling. — Division of 

 Land. — Levelling. — The principles of Magne- 



■ lism. so far as is necessary for understanding 

 the variation of the Compass, and those circum- 

 stances which are likely to affect the travers- 

 ins of the needle. — This instruction will be 



accompained by actual practice in surveying 

 and levelling,'for which purposes the Lyceum is 

 [irovidcd with excellent instiuments. 



2. In jyarigation. Elemenls of Geometry. — 

 Trigonometry, with its applications. — Loga- 

 rithms. — The different sailings. — Nautical As- 

 tronomy with solar anil lunar observations, tanght 

 by actual practice. — Elements of Magnetism. — 

 Book-keeping, which is indispensable to those, 

 who unite the character of Supercargo with 

 that of Navigator. 



3. In Carpentry and Civil Jirchiteclure. Ele- 

 mentary problems in geometry. — Measuring of 

 timber, carpenler^s work, &.c. — The principles 

 and practice of drawing plans, sections and eleva- 

 tions, and o{ ihaw'wg in Perspective. The prin- 

 ciples of Equilibrium, with the strength and 

 pressure of timber and other materials, and the 

 construction of Roofs, Frames and Arches. — 

 DraVving the five Orders, and the principles of 

 Grecian, Italian and Gothic designing. 



4. In Chemistry. This class is designed for 

 those, who wish to obtain a knowledge of che- 

 mistry, as a branch of liberal science, or as 

 introductory to a more thorough understanding 

 ofsome of the useful arts, as Agriculture, Dyeing, 

 Tanning, &c. 



Other winter classes may hereafter be form- 

 ed. A student in either of the above classes may 

 attend the recitations ofany other class, when 

 it can be done without interruption to his own 

 studies. 



The time allotted to the above classes is 

 thought by the Trustees to be as short as would 

 be advantageous, and they recommend to those, 

 who design to attend them, to enter in August, 

 when it can bedone with convenience, and topur- 

 sue the regular studies till November,which will 

 facilitate their winter studies. 



The fees of the above classes will be glO for 

 the whole course. The members of them will 

 attend gratis all lectures relating to the branch- 

 es which they study. 



All that will be required for admission, is 

 such a knowledge of Arithmetic, &c. as maybe 

 obtained at town schools. 



Lectures on Chemistry and its application to 

 the useful arts will be delivered at the Lyceum, 

 during the next winter ; and part of the course 

 on Mechanics. To these, persons not connected 

 with the Lyceum will be admitted. 



The next academical year at the Lyceum 

 will commence August 25, 1824. Candidates 

 for admission will be examined in the fundamen- 

 tal rules of Arithmetic, and in English Grammar. 

 Besides the studies already advertised, appropri- 

 ate instruction will be given to those, who 

 design to be merchants. 



BENJAMIN HALE, Principal 



Gardiner, Me. May, 1824. 



From tlie American Farmer. 



Albany, May 15. 



Dear Sir, — 1 inclose a meteorological table 

 for the last year, and have added such notes of 

 the vegetation in April and May, as my notes 

 afford. 



Yeslerday we had flurries of snow at intervals 

 all day, with strong N. W. winds. The thermo- 

 meter in the afternoon was at 33J in the house, 

 and this morning before sunrise at 31 in the open 

 air, 1 degree below freezing — and yet, on ac- 

 count of the wind, 1 am in hopes our fruit is not 



371 



destroyed. A'egeftition is at least seven iiny 

 earlier than last year; and I have hud rye in 

 head some d.iys. 



I have new, and to me'suflicient evidence, Ihat 

 liming seed wheat, is a preventive of the tly as 

 w^ll as of smut. The experiments of G.' B. 

 Evertson, of Poughkeepsic, and of Col. Mather, 

 of Scaghticoke, both intelligent, observing gen- 

 tlemen, have removed all doubts in their minds. 

 And Gen. Armstrong, as follows : — 



" Liming seed to prevent smut and other 

 similar maladies, has been long practised in 

 Europe. I think I notice it in the Practical 

 Farmer ; but whether or not, I have seen it used 

 in this neighbourhood, on a suggestion of mine, 

 and with the effect of completely protecting the 

 crop from the fly. My son. Col. H. B. Arm- 

 strong, was the experimenter — limed one half 

 his wheat seed, and sowed the other half with- 

 out liming. The former had no fly — (he lat- 

 ter was devoured by it." 



Yours with esteem, 



J. BUEL. ! 



A great Convenience. — We have here fofore 

 advocated the offering of a premium to (he 

 inventor of the best contrivance for transport- 

 ing fresh butter to market, from any distance, 

 by land or water. — This desirable object has 

 DOW been accomplished by Mr. Richardson, at 

 his shop in East Street, where he makes and 

 sells, at various prices, from glO togl5, accord- 

 ing to size, butter boxes constructed on the 

 principle, and somewhat on the plan of his ex- 

 cellent Refrigerators, some of which on (he most 

 improved plan are now for sale. 



These Butter boxes are so compactly arrang- 

 ed, as with a small quantify of ice, to bring the 

 butter to market in the best condition, and 

 wlthontlDjuiy tr, ttip fnrm of the prints. Where 

 boxes are bespoke, the diameter of the print in 

 use, ought to be given. 



Every new facility of this sort, while it en- 

 bles farmers more distant, to avail themselves of 

 the benefit of the market, at the same time in- 

 creases competition, and reduces the cost to 

 the consumer of the article — and is therefore 

 an object of publick utility. — ibid. 



Dr. Mitchell received, a few days ago, a va- 

 luable collection of seed, from General Wilkin- 

 son, in Mexico, and immediately presented them 

 to the Horticultural Society, for culture and 

 distribution. Besides the valuable articles for 

 fields and gardens, there are parcels of the 

 Zapote, the Chirimalla the Mammea, and other 

 delicious fruits of the Tropic. The grains of 

 the maize or Indian corn, are remarkable for 

 their colours and figures ; and there is an exceed- 

 ingly curious ear, with purpleish, acuminated, 

 and cinbricated grains, from (he castle of the 

 untor(uDa(e Montezuma, about three miles from 

 (he city of Mexico! — ibid. 



Prospects of the Farmer.— The open -winter we 

 have had, has been against the winter grain— the 

 wheat and rye crops, we are informed, will be rather 

 li"-lit, in thiS' district of country, especially the latter. 

 Gf.nerally, we believe, the prospect of corn is good, and 

 that of grass quite promising. The wheat prospect m 

 N. Carolina, has been injured by the caterpillar— In 

 Canada, the wheat crop looks well, and the glass is 

 quite full and forward. 



Trenton, A". /. June 5. 



