l'J09.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 31. 125 



4. Calculated Data from Saponification, Acid and Ethek 



Numbers. 

 Glycerol. — In the saponification of any triglyceride, 3 

 molecules or 168.474 parts of potassium hydrate combine with 

 1 molecule of fat, setting free 1 molecule or 92.064 parts of 

 glycerol, therefore 1 gram of potassium hydrate is equal to 

 .5465 of a gram of glycerol. 



C.3H5(ROo)3 + 3 KOH = C3H5(OH)3 + 3 RO2K. 



fat alkali glycerol salt 



The percentage of glycerol (G) can be calculated from the ether 

 number (e) by means of the formula : — 



G=. 0005465 6. (1) 



This method is not applicable in the case of fats containing 

 monoglycerides and diglycerides, aldehyde bodies or appreciable 

 amounts of unsaponifiable matter. 



Total Fatty Acids. — In the saponification of a fat, 3 mole- 

 cules or 54.058 parts of water are required for every molecule 

 or 92.064 parts of glycerol separated. 



C3H,(R02)3 + 3 HoO = C,\l,{(m), + 3 RO^H. 

 1 54.048 92.064 



The percentage of total fatty acids (T) in 1 part of fat can 

 be calculated from the percentage of glycerol (G) by means of 

 the formula : — 



rp 1 , 54.048^ ^ , 38.016 ^ 

 I = 1 H Ct — G or 1— G 



92.064 92.064 



and substituting the value of glycerol in terms of ether num- 

 ber (e) : — 



T = 1 — ?ML^ X ■ 0005465 e or 1 — . 0002257 e. (2) 

 92.064 ^ ' 



Neutralization Number and Mean Molecular Weight of Total 

 Fatty Acids. — The neutralization number (n) and mean mo- 

 lecular weight (m) of the total fatty acids can be calculated 



