1910.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 31. 209 



pentagonal outline to the fruit as a whole. In the more south- 

 ern localities, and particularly in the Ozarks and neighboring 

 regions, the basin is remarkably smooth and regular and the 

 sides abrupt, which make the basin one of the surest means of 

 identifying specimens of this variety that may chance to be 

 off type. 



Calyx. 



The calyx was generally more or less distorted by handling, 

 and it was difficult to make very much out of it. The most 

 striking thing about it was that in the small, poorly developed 

 specimens it was nearly always closed, while in large, well-grown 

 specimens it was at least partly open and sometimes a little 

 separate at the base. 



Calyx Tube. 



The calyx tube was extremely variable, being sometimes very 

 short, not more than one-fourth as long as wide, as in some of 

 the Quebec specimens, and sometimes extremely long, extending 

 almost to the cells, as in some of those from Arkansas and 

 Colorado. This variability lay mostly in what may be called 

 the stem of the funnel, this being very long in some apples and 

 varying all the way to complete suppression, leaving a conical 

 tube, in others. As a rule it was longer in the fully developed 

 specimens and short in the poorly developed apples from north- 

 ern regions. 



Core. 



The variation of the core closely followed that of the general 

 form of the apple. In the elongated specimens it approached 

 an oval form, and in the roundish and oblate apples it was 

 turbinate. Likewise, in the elongated specimens it was usually 

 abaxile, often strongly so, and in the more oblate ones it became 

 axile or nearly so. The size as compared with that of the 

 whole fruit varied but little, being possibly a little larger in the 

 ill-developed apples, and it was always central and the core lines 

 generally clasping. 



Cells. 



The variation of the cells very closelv followed that of other 

 parts of the core, being wide open and asymmetrical in the 

 northern-grown apples and closed and symmetrical in those from 



