168 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



April 



to the brook below I With the merchant, a case, 

 parallel with this wastefulness and folly of the 

 farmer, would ]xs to provide his year's stock of mo- 

 lasses, pay for it, and then draw the spigots, and 

 suffer it torun into the gutters and streets. Every 

 oljser^'ing traveller must have noticed the instances 

 of shiftlcssness which are recited above. That 

 there has lieen great improvement, "D. C." willi 

 allow ; but his argument is, that more is demand 

 ed, and that ]>ccause it is not made, is one princi- 

 pal cause of the want of success. 



Cow's urine, analyzed by Br.\nde, gave hydro- 

 chlorate of 



Potass, and ammonia 1.5 



Sulphate of potass 0.6 



Carbonate of potass 0.4 



Phosphate of lime O.S 



Urea 0.4 



Water 96.9 



100.0 



Human, analyzed by Berzelius, gave in 1000 

 parts, 



I'rea 30.10 



Lactic acid 17-14 



Uric acid 1.00 



Mucous 0.32 



Sulphate of potass 37.01 



Do. soda 0.00 



Phosphate of soda 3.16 



Do. ammonia 2.94 



Hydrochloratc of soda 1-65 



Do. ammonia 4.45 



Phosphate of magnesia and lime 1.50 



Silicic acid 1.00 



Water 933.00 



1000.00 



In consequence of the quantity of sulphate of 



SOLID AND LiaUID EXCREMENTS OF 

 ANIMALS. 



It has frequently been suggested by writers on 

 agriculture, that the liquid excrements of animals 

 are a most energetic and efficient fertilizer ; but very 

 few, if any, have been at any trouble to inform 

 their readers of what they are composed. Chem- 

 ical analyses have been made of almost all the ar- 

 ticles used as agents of fertility, and we'iiow sub- soda not being carried out, the figures in the last 

 mit the following tabular exhibits, showing theU^is^^-ysis appear imperfect. The table is given, as 

 components of five of these, viz : cow duno-, horse! p^iblished, however, and will be sufficient, we pre- 

 sume, to demonstrate most conclusively that urine 

 is much too valual)le an article to be neglected, or 

 suffered to run to waste. By taking proper meas- 

 ures for economizing it, and mixing it with muck^ 

 mould, rotten wood, or indeed,with any sul^.stance 

 of an absorbent nature, and applying it to our 

 crops, we shall find that it will always be produc- 

 tive of eminently beneficial results. It is not, how- 

 ever, judicious to apply it in its crude state, a 

 certain degree of fermentation being essential to 

 the development of its fructifying energies which 

 depend upon the putrefactive process. In irriga- 

 tion, both urine and soap suds possess great value. 

 Both articles contain the food of plants in a state 

 of solution, and therefore in a condition to be im- 

 mediately appropriated by the vegetation to which 

 they are applied. 



For the New Engltiml Farmer. 



HOW TO MAKE THE BUTTER COME. 



Mr. Editor : — In the last week's Farmer the 

 question is asked, "why don't the butter come V 

 I would answer that question by stating the plan 1 

 have adopted to make it come quick. The cream 

 is put into tin pans, and placed on the stove with 

 a moderate fire; I then commence stirring it slowly 

 in order to have it warmed alike in all parts of the 

 pan. As soon as it feels neither hot, nor cold, })y 

 putting in the finger, pour into the churn. In from 

 5 to 15 minutes the butter will come. I liave tried 

 this plan for the last two winters and it has not 

 failed once to bring the butter in the a1)0ve time. 



I have tried, or seen tried, almost all kinds of 

 churns, from the old dash and barrel, of bye gone 

 days, down to the late ^^ double acting atmospheric^^ 

 humbug, and am satisfied in my own mind that 

 there is no great difierence in most of them, so fax* 

 as the labor of churning is concerned . 



J. G. Griggs. 



Centre Rutland, Vt., 1854. 



dung, cow urine, horse urine and human urine. 



Cow dung — the animal being fed on straw, 

 leaves, hay and potatoes, contained, in 100 parts, 

 when fresh — 



2.2 bile, in a state of alteration. 



8.3 mucous, &c. 

 14.1 non-digested (crude) vegetable remains and ashes. 

 75.4 water. 



Haidlen's analysis of the ashes, gives six per 

 cent. They were composed of the following ingre 

 dients : — 



Phosphate of lime 12.9 



Do. magnesia 10.0 



Perphosphate of iron 8.5 



Carbonate of potass 1.5 



Sulphate of lime 3.1 



Silicic acid 63.7 



Loss 3 



100.0 



Of horse manure, (the animal being fed on oats, 

 straw and hay,) 100 parts contained : — 



Biliary matter, and coloring matter in a state of 



alteration 3.7 



Mucous, (crude,) &c. &c 6.3 



Non-digested vegetable remains and ashes 20.2 



Water 69.8 



100.0 



The ashes was six per cent. Their constitution, 

 according to the analyses of Jackson, was as fol- 

 lows : — 



Phosphate of lime 5. 



Carbonate of lime 18.75 



Phosphate of magnesia 36.25 



Water 40_ 



100.00 



Of horse urine, according to Vauquelix, 

 parts contained. 



Carbonate of lime 1.1 



Do. soda 03 



Hippurate of soda '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.2A 



Uydrochlorate of potass .'.'.".*.'.'.' .'oio 



Urea , 07 



Water ;;;;;. .'.v .',* .■.■;;.' .'.'.■oi.'e 



100 



100.0 



