562 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Dec. 



IMPROVED GOVERNOR FOR WIND 

 MILLS. 



We make no apology for occupying so much 

 space with a description of this Wind Mill, be- 

 lieving tliat the best machine of this kind will be 

 one of great service to the farmer. The descrip- 

 tion we copy from the Scientific American. 



The annexed engravings are views of an im- 

 provement in Wind Mills, for which a patent was 

 granted to Daniel Halladay, of Ellington, Conn., 

 on the 24th of August last. 



Figure 1 is a perspective view, and figure 2 is a 

 face view of the wing or sail ring, and parts of the 

 governor. The same letters refer to like parts. 



The nature of the invention consists in having 

 the wings or sails attached to movable or rotating 

 spindles, having levers or equivalent devices con- 

 nected to them, said levers being also connected 

 to a head with wings rotating on the same shaft. 

 The head has a lever connected to it, which is 

 operated by a governor that slides the head upon 

 the shaft, and causes the levers or their equiva- 

 lents to turn the v;ings or sails, so as to present a 

 proper resisting surface to the wind, and thereby 

 produce a uniform velocity of the sails, which are 

 made to have a greater or less obliquity, accord- 

 ing to the velocity of the wind. 



A represents a horizontal shaft which works in 

 suitable bearings, a a, upon a cap, B, said cap, 

 working loosely upon a circular plate attached 

 permanently to a proper support or frame work, 

 D, figure 1. 



The shaft. A, projects some distance beyond the 

 edge of the cap, B, and has a wheel, E, figure 2, 

 attached permanently to it. 



F represents the wings or sails which are se- 

 cured to spindles, h, said spindles passing radi- 

 ally through the rim of the wheel, E, and into its 

 hub, the spindles being prevented from withdraw- 

 ing by collars, c, which bear against the inner 

 edge of the rim and bearings, d, figure 3, which 

 are secured by screws over tiie spindles, the 

 spindles being loose in the wheel, E, and allowed 

 to turn upon their axes. Four wings or sails are 

 rej)resented, but any proper number may be used. 

 G is a hub fitted loosely upon the shaft. A, a»^ 

 having projections, e, at it&-&o"^' end, to which 

 proieetiai"^i«a»u level's, /, are attached by pivots, 

 g, the outer ends of the .small levers,/, being se- 

 cured to the ends of levers, h, by pivots, i. The 

 levers, h, are secured permanently to the spindles, 

 b, ae shown in figure 2. The inner end of G has 

 a groove _;, turned on it, in which groove a forked 

 lever, II, fits, figure 1. The lever, H, is bent, and 

 has its fulcrum at k, and to the outer end of it a 

 wire or rod, I, is attached, said wire or rod 

 passing down in a groove, /, in a vertical rod, J, 

 the upper end of which is connected to a crank, 

 K, on the inner end of the shaft. A, by a con- 

 necting rod, L, The lower end of the wire or 

 rod, I, is attached to a sliding head or boss, M ; 

 on the rod, J, in, is a spring, one end of which is 

 connected to a vertical portion of the bent lever. 

 H, and the opposite end to a projection on the 

 inner bearing, a, of the shaft, A. The sliding 

 head or boss, M, on the road, J, has a recess, n, 

 in it, in which a fork at one end of a lever, 0, 

 fits, said lever having its fulcrum at p. The op- 

 posite end of the lever, 0, is attached by a pivot 



to a piston rod, P, the piston of which works 

 within a cylinder. R is a reservoir containing 

 water, and S is a pipe which projects over the 

 top of said reservoir ; the opposite end of the 

 pipe communicates with the outside cylinder, 

 reservoir, R, and a pump, T, at their bottoms, as 

 in dotted lines, figure 1. The rod, J, it will be 

 seen, is the piston rod of the pump, T ; U is a 

 cock in the pipe, S ; V is a horizontal wing at- 

 ached to the cap, B , for the purpose of keeping 

 the wings or sails, F, facing the wind. In case 

 the shaft. A, revolves too rapidly, the cock, U, is 

 somewhat turned so as to check the free passage 

 of water through the pipe, S, and the water will 

 then be forced against the under side of the piston 

 of the outside cylinder, and will raise it, and the 

 head or boss, M, will consequently be moved down 

 upon the rod, J, and the wire or rod, I, will draw 

 downward the horizontal arm of the lever, H, 

 while the vertical arm will force outward the 

 head, G, on the shaft. A, arrow 2, and the lev- 

 ers, /A, will turn the spindles, b, and the wings 

 or sails, F, move obliquely to the wind, and the 

 motion of the mill will be decreased in a corres- 

 ponding degree. When it is desired to increase 

 the motion of the mill, the cock, U, is opened, 

 and the water having a free passage through the 

 pipe, S, the head or boss, M, is raised upon the 

 rod, J, and the head, G,on the shaft. A, brought 

 back to its original position by the spring, m, the 

 wings or sails presenting a greater surface to the 

 wind. The spring, W, causes the lever, 0, to 

 resume its original position, or depresses the 

 piston in the outside cylinder, when the water 

 has a free passage through the pipe, S. 



In figure 1 the pump is represented as drawing 

 water through the suction ,pip3, t, from a well, 

 W, and forcing it through the air chamber into 

 the reservoir. A crank being on the shaft. A, on 

 the horizontal revolving head, and the rod, I, 

 connected to this crank, a reciprocating motion is 

 given to the piston of the pump, thus drawing 

 and forcing out the water by single stroke alter- 

 nately. With one valve opening inwards, and 

 one outwards in the bed plate of the pump cylin- 

 der, it can work as a single-acting force pump, 

 driving ti"* -water through the air chamber into 

 the reservoir without any other connections or 

 apparatus. This windmill is chiefly intended for 

 farmers where a moderate power is required, and 

 can be applied to various kinds of work, as well 

 as pumping water. The claim is for " attaching 

 the spindles, b, of the wings, F, to the sliding 

 head, G, by the levers, h f, and operating said 

 head by the lever, H, and a governor of any 

 proper construction for the purpose of giving the 

 desired obliquity to the wdngs or sails, thereby 

 insuring an equal motion and power during the 

 variable velocity of the wind." One of these 

 machines is on exhibition at the New York State 

 Fair, in this city. 



More information may be obtained by letter, 

 addressed to Halladay, McCray & Co., at Elling- 

 ton, Conn. 



Singular Cask. — The Hallowell Gazette tells 

 the following story : 



"A yearling steer belonging to Mr. Asa Morril 

 of Manchester, Me., was found in the pasture of 

 Ephraim Wadsworth of Litchfield, on Wednesday, 

 1 37th ult., nearly embedded in a quagmire. He 



