No. 3. 



Fruit Trees. 



81 



Singer states tliat a charge passed through 

 the head, gave liim the sensation of a violent 

 and unusual blow, which was followed by a 

 transient loss of memory and indistinctness 

 of vision. A small charge sent through the 

 head of a bird will so far derange the optic 

 nerve as to produce permanent blindness ; 

 and a coated surface of thirty square inches 

 of glass will exhaust the whole nervous sys- 

 tem to such a degree as to cause immediate 

 death. Animals the most tenacious of life, 

 are destroyed by energetic shocks passed 

 through the body. Van Ma rum found that 

 eels are irrecoverably deprived of lite when 

 a shock is sent through their whole body; 

 when only a part of the body is included in 

 the circuit, the destruction is confined to 

 that individual part, while the rest retains 

 the power of motion. 



The bodies of animals killed by lightning, 

 are found to undergo rapid putrefaction; and 

 it is a remarkable circumstance, that after 

 death the blood does not coagulate. — Tem- 

 perance Advocate. 



From the Public Ledger. 



Mauagenient of Fruit Trees. 



We give below the account of R. L. Pell, 

 Ulster county,New York, which took a gold 

 medal, being a premium OLfered by the Ame- 

 rican Institute for the best fruit farm. It 

 appears Mr. Pell has had in view the mar 

 ket of Europe, by launching into one article 

 of fruit, the Newton pippin, that cannot be 

 competed with for protit in that market. He 

 has also kept in view the market of his own 

 State in other fruits, for which he has been 

 awarded the premium as above. 



To the Committee oh Fruit Farms: — 



Gentlemen, — Being desirous to compete 

 for the premium to be awarded by the Ame 

 rican Institute at its sixteenth Annual Fair, 

 for the best fruit farm in the State, I now 

 abide its rules, and offer, at the request of 

 Mr. T. B. W., its worthy and very useful 

 secretary, my mode of managing. 



For some years I have been experiment- 

 ing upon the apple tree, having an orchard 

 of 20,000 Newton pippin apple trees; I have 

 found it very unprofitable to wait for what 

 is termed the bearing year, and consequently 

 it has been my study to assist nature, so as 

 to enable the trees to bear every year ; I 

 have noticed that it bears more profusely 

 than any other tree, and consequently re- 

 quires the intermediate year to recover 

 itself, by extracting from the atmosphere 

 and earih the requisites to enable it to pro- 

 duce. If unassisted by art, the intervening 

 year must be necessarily lost. If, however, 



it is supplied with the proper sustenance, it 

 will bear every year. Three years ago, in 

 April, I scraped all the rough bark off a few 

 of the apple trees in my orchard, and washed 

 the trunks and limbs within reach with sofl 

 oap, trimmed out all the branches that 

 crossed each other early in .Tune, and painted 

 the wounded part with white lead, to keep 

 out the moisture, then split open the bark 

 by running a sharp pointed knife from the 

 ground to the first set of limbs, in the latter 

 part of the same month, which prevents the 

 tree from becoming bark bound, and gives 

 the inner wood an opportunity of expanding. 

 In July I placed one peck of oyster shell 

 lime around each tree, and left it piled about 

 the trunk until November, when I dug the 

 lime in thoroughly. The foHowing year I 

 collected from those trees 1,700 barrels of 

 fruit, some of which was sold in New York 

 for $4, and the balance in London for ^9 

 per barrel. Strange as it may appear, they 

 are literally bending to the ground with the 

 finest fruit I ever saw, a specimen of which 

 is before you. The other trees in my or- 

 chard, not treated as above, are barren, next 

 year being their bearing year. 



Robert L. Pell. 



Ulster CO , New York, Oct. 8th, 1843. 



Guano. — Contracts for Ichaboe (African) 

 guano have been signed, to be delivered from 

 March to the middle of May, 1845, at £6 

 6s. per ton, at Liverpool. The last news 

 from the island of Ichaboe was, that one 

 hundred ships were then waiting their turn 

 to load. It is thought by some that in 

 twelve months the stock of guano on Icha- 

 boe island will be exhausted; but it is said 

 there are other islands equally valuable. If 

 that was the case, why should so many ships 

 wait so patiently their turn to be laden] 

 The fupply of African guano here — Liver-' 

 pool — is very liberal. It is calculated by 

 many importers that guano will be bought 

 on better terms the next three months, than 

 will happen again for years; for the number 

 of ships on their passage to load at Ichaboe, 

 and those returning laden, will overstock 

 the market, as the season will be over be- 

 fore they can arrive. — London Ag. Gazette. 



Ventilation and cleanliness are very 

 important helps to economy in the feeding 

 of all animals. Shelter and warmth will 

 do harm, if free and pure air is not admitted 

 to the fattening stock. The same is true of 

 cleanliness, so favourable to the health of 

 all animals. The cleaner their houses and 

 skins are kept, the more they thrive under 

 any given form of treatment in other re- 

 spects. — Johnston. 



