172 Report of Experiments on Wheat in the State of JV. Yorh Vol. IX. 



rior smiit-rnacbine of his own construction, 

 P-n;1 !);;nio- located in the vicinity v'here the 

 Wliite Flint wheat is most exclusively cul- 

 tivated — with such materials, he could hard- 

 ly fail of standing unrivalled in the market. 



Improved While Flint.— This is claimed 

 as a new variety. It was obtained by care- 

 ful selection from the best White Flint, and 

 fjowing- on a sandy, gravelly loam soil, inter- 

 mixed with limestone. The seed has been 

 prepared by brining and liming. Tire berry 

 has become larger, of more "uniformity in 

 size, bran very thin, and the flour the same 

 as the White Flint. My seed wheat weighs 

 sixty-four to the bushel, and the yield of 

 flour is superior to any other. Where I 

 have sold for seed, it has universally been 

 held in the highest estimation. The last 

 three years, I have sold extensively for seed. 

 The past year, I have had orders for it from 

 seven different States, the District of Co- 

 lumbia and Canada: and where it has been 

 tried, it has given the greatest satisfaction. 

 In August, 1842, I sold J. Cook, of Byron, 

 Genesee county, forty-seven bushels for seed. 

 In a communication from him, dated October 

 28th, -1843, he says he commenced sowinc 

 his wheat the 7th of September. "The 

 wheat came up quickly, looked well all the 

 fall, stood the winter well, and grew well 

 till harvest, and the product was 33 bushels 

 per acre : the quality was very fine. I sold 

 over six hundred bushels for seed, .at one 

 dollar per bushel; and had I been at home, 

 I think I could have sold every bushel of it 

 for seed, at that price — 1254 bushels. W^e 

 have had it ground for family use, and 

 better flour I never saw. It has fully an- 

 swered my expectations, and I am hio-hly 

 pleased with it. I think it would have 

 given a greater product, had I not sown it 

 so thick. I sowed five pecks to the acre, 

 and it was much too thick. I sowed last 

 year sixty-five acres with your Improved 

 Flint, Indiana and Hutchinson wheat, and \ 

 shall get about two thousand bushels; the 

 Flmt yielded a little the most." 



A wheat-grower on the east shore of the 

 Chesapeake, Maryland, to whom I had sent 

 sixty-three bushels of seed, says it had a 

 better berry and gave a better yield than 

 any other, and he had sold nearly every 

 bushel of the product for seed. 



I carried a bag of my Improved Flint to 

 Hiram Smith's mill: he has ground it, and 

 ma note he says: "The bag of wheat you 

 left to be ground, contained two bushels and 

 eighteen pounds. It has produced one hun- 

 dred and six and a half pounds of flour, and 

 thirty-one pounds of bran and middlings; 

 loss half a pound. It was too small an 



amount to give a fair test of its yield. From 

 one hundred bu^liels of such wheat, I am 

 confident I can make twenty-four and a half 

 barrels of supprfine fiour. Yours, &c., 



"Hiram Smith. 



" Wheatland, Dec. 12th, 1843." 



We have made use of the flour, and find 

 it equal, if not superior, to any flour that we 

 have had this season; and we have had none 

 but superfine, from two of the best mills in 

 this vicinity. 



yVhite Provence, from France. — Heads, 

 middling size and bald, chaff" of a bluish 

 cast; berry, very large and white, bran thin, 

 yielding flour well, and of a good quality. 

 This is one of the most beautiful samples 

 that I have had under cultivation. From 

 its first coming up, it comes forward faster 

 than any other variety I have seen — so much ' 

 so, that it can be distinguished from all 

 the others. The blades "are larger and 

 longer, spread more rapidly, producing more 

 straws from a root: it stands the ''winter 

 well, is not injured by the insect, and ripens 

 riciur or five days before the common varie- 

 ties, yielding well. In one instance, one 

 peck was sown in October, after corn, on 

 less than one-fourth of an acre, and the pro- 

 duct was eleven and a half bushels of most 

 beautiful berry, at the rate of forty-eight 

 bushels to the acre. 



The only objection I have to this variety — 

 it falls down more than any other. The 

 straw is small, long and soft, with heads 

 large in proportion to the size of the straw, 

 and well filled. 



Old Red-Chftff. — This variety was intro- 

 duced into Western New York more than 

 forty years ago, from the lower part of 

 Pennsylvania, and for more than twenty 

 years ft was {he favourite variety, and has 

 produced some of the heaviest yields known 

 in this vicinity. Red chaft; bald; straw, 

 long, seldom lodging; berry of a good size, 

 and weighing from 60 to 63 lbs. to the 

 bushel — white, and bran thin, producing 

 fiour well, and of a superior quality. On 

 new oak lands it is now one of the best va- 

 rieties that is sown. On old land;^, of late 

 years, it appears to have lost some of its , 

 former qnalitie-s being more subject to rust 

 and mildew. The insect attacks it more 

 freely than srme others, and it has suffered 

 by severe winters. At present it is not 

 sown as much as formerly. 



Kenlvcly White-bearded, better known 

 in' Western New York as Hutchinson, or 

 bearded flint, or Canada flint— was intro- 

 duced into Cayuga county by Mr. Hutchin- 



