No. 11. Annual production of Iron in the World.— Editorial Notices. 357 



Annual production of Iron in the ^^orld. 



Statistical tables published in Prussia and 

 in the United States, give the following as 

 the annual product of iron in the world: 



Great Britain, 1,481,600 tons; United 

 States, 443,100 tons; France, 338,150; Rus- 

 sian and Ural Provinces, 119,000; Belgium, 

 145,867; tiermany — Customs Union, 127,- 

 538; Sweden, 72,772; Austrian Monarchy, 

 59,100; Spain, 12,500; Sardinia, 12,250; 

 Poland, 9,200; Germany, not in Customs 

 Union, 7,175; Tuscany, Norway, 5,371; 

 Saxembourg, 3,000 ; Parma, 1,400; Modena 

 and Naples, 750; Switzerland, 700; Portu- 

 gal, 420. Total number of tons, 2,839,893. 



Great Britain produces about half of the 

 iron in the civilized world ; the United 

 States stands next to Great Britain, and 

 France next. The United States produce 

 about half as much as is produced on the 

 continent of Europe. About two-thirds of 

 all the iron trade in the United States is 

 smelted from the ore in Pennsylvania. 

 Ledger. 



THE FARMERS' CABINET, 



AND 



AXSERICi^IT HERD-BOOK. 



Philadelphia, Sixth Month, 1845. 



We would invite particular attention to the Report 

 of James Gowen, which is found on page 338. Every 

 farmer who is at all ambitious in his calling, will, we 

 think, pore over its details with more than common 

 interest. Notwithstanding what may be said about 

 the all importance of the practical part of agriculture, 

 there is nevertheless abundance that is necessarily 

 theoretical in the operations of the successful and ex 

 perimenting farmer. Indeed if we would point to the 

 good farmer and the thrifty one, we must point to a 

 man who accommodates his practice to a sound theory. 

 based upon the circumstances which have a bearing 

 upon his pursuit, in his particular situation. It does 

 not require that we should say, — because every one 

 knows it of himself— that the man of slender means 

 must farm differently in some respects, from him whose 

 resources are ample: there is however, the more im 

 perative necessity for him to exercise his judgment — 

 to theorise and calculate, and thus make all his opera 

 tions tend to the replenishment and lengthening of his 

 purse. Although we may not be prepared to advise 

 the man who supports his family solely from the land 

 for which he has perhaps not yet paid, to farm just as 

 James Gowen farms, yet neither are we prepared to 

 advise him to farm differently. The great point is to 

 lay your plans with reference to your means, your soil 

 your location and your market, with such calculating 

 discretion and forethought, as shall insure the greatest 



profit. We insist upon a continual exercise of the 

 judgment, and upon an abandonment of the plan of 

 following a certain routine, because it happens to ' 

 have been followed on the land from time ininienio- 

 rial. Read— think— contrive. 



The following premiums will be awarded by the 

 Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, at an intermedi- 

 ate meeting on the 1st of next month. 



For the best Flake Carnations, four named varieties 

 to be exhibited, $2. 



For the best Bizarre Carnations, four named varie- 

 ties to be exhibited, $2. 



For the best Picotee Carnations, four named varie- 

 ties to be exhibitsd, $2. 



For the best American Seedling Carnation, four 

 named varieties to be exhibited, $2. 



For the best Cauliflowers grown in the open ground, 

 without protection, four heads, $X 



For the next best Cauliflowers grown in the open 

 ground, without protection, four heads, $2. 



At the stated meeting on the 15th of next month: 



For the best Raspberries, two quarts, $2. 



For the next best do. do. $1. 



For the best Red Currants, do. $2. 



For the best While Currants, do. $2. 



For the best Black Currants, do. $2. 



For the best named Gooseberries, in a ripe slate, 

 one quart, $2. 



For the best named Apricots, two dozens, $2. 



For the next best named Apricots, two dozens, $2. 



For the best named early Apples, half a peck, $2. 



The late dry weather has hastened the mowing sea- 

 son, as well as shortened very considerably the crop of 

 grass. There is room for the exercise of a good deal 

 of judgment in the curing of hay, as well as in choos- 

 ing the time for cutting it. The scythe should be put 

 into clocer while it is generally — say, three-fourths of 

 it— in blossom. It is however esteemed preferable to 

 leave timothy till a later period— till it is pretty well 

 in the seed. It is perhaps hardly enough remembered 

 that a redundancy of sunshine in making hay, should 

 be avoided. Clover will cure nicely in cock, if put up 

 when clear of moisture. The waste will be much less 

 than if dried altogether in the sun. Farmers diflijr in 

 opinion about salting hay— some think it best to salt 

 it when put in the mow, while others prefer to cure it 

 properly, and give the salt to the stock by itself, and 

 as it may be required. If, however, from any circum- 

 stance it should be necessary to put the hay in the 

 mow rather green, then four or six quarts of salt to 

 the ton will be highly useful. 



There is no doubt that grain is often left to stand 

 loo long. The risk from storms, &c., is thus prolonged 

 — more is lost in the shattering — it does not handle so 

 well: and it is moreover very generally conceded, that 

 more and better flour is yielded, if the wheat or rye is 

 cut before the berry is fairly hard. 



With the thermometer at 96 degrees in the shade, 

 this 9th of Sixth month, at 3 o'clock, P. M., and very 

 dry weather, it is feared the wheat and rye will suffer 

 in the filling. 



