:< APPENDIX. 



and power ; (for nothing can at firft feem more improbable than that 

 both files of the cafs fiionld be true ;) I fay, ih;>t I have an hundred rimes 

 rcflc(Sed on this flrange change; and if appeared to me owing to two 

 caufes. — Fir(l, the aniient Perfians were rohul^ laboriou?, and attached to 

 hafinefs ; while the modern inhabitanTs are idle, volupiuoii", and fpecul^- 

 tive. ' Next, the aniient Perfians made cultivation a branch of their reli- 

 gion ; and thought that to labor, was to ferve God : while the prefent- 

 inhabitants of Perfia have principles which lead them to defpife work ; ' 

 for they maintain that life is fo fnorr, uncertain, and changing ; that 

 while it lyfis, v,e fhould act asTnen doiti a conquered country or in win- 

 ter quarters ; that is to fay,"' obtain whatever %'- car, without car- 

 ing for futuri'y.— -The [modern defcendants of the] antient Perfians have 

 gentle and fimple nnanners; and lUe very tranquilly under their el^ers^ 

 whom they choofe as msgiftr^res ; the Peifian government confirming 

 riiem in their office, [n. b. Thifj paragraph is tranllated from an ex- 

 tn(\ given in the preface to the French iraorAation of Kliyogg. E.] 



Mf. BciH, tho traveller, who was prefent at the march of a Turhj?o st- 

 fry from Conflantinople, headed by the Sultan ; tells us that it was atterid- 

 td by all the different trades and artifans, and that the proceiFton continued 

 jrourdays. " "Wit fujl in procel]ion, was a plough drawn by painted ox.- 

 ** en with gilded hori«." See his recond'volurae. p. 414. 



Before the original inftitctions of I^idla were fubverted by foreign in- 

 , vaders, the indulhy of the hufbandx-aii on which every mcinber of the 

 comir.unify depended for funhftence v/as as fecure, as the tenure by which 

 he held his lands was equitable. Even war did not interrupt liis labors 0? 

 etidanger; his property. : It vpas not uncommo<i, we are informed [by 

 Strabo,] that while tv^o armies were fighting a battle in one iidd, the 

 reafanis were ploughing or re;iping in the next field in perfetl tranquillity, 

 Thefe maxims and regulalions* of, the antient legiilators of India have a 

 near refembhnte ro the fyftem of rhofe modern fpeculatois on political 

 economy, .who teprefentthe produce of land as the fole fourcs of wea!u*^ 

 in z\txy country j and who confide? the difcoTery of this principle, ac- 

 cording tO' which they cojitend that the government of nations Ihould be 

 conduced, as, one of the gre.ue(l efForts of hum^n wifdom. — Under a form 

 of govcrnnr.ent which paid, fuch art attention to all ihe diiTerent orders of 

 wliich the fociety ia compofed, particularly fhe cultivators of the earth, ir 

 is not wonderful that the aniicnts fnould defcribe the Indians as a raoft 

 •happy race of men; and that the moll intelligent modern obfervera 

 fnould celebrate the equity, the humanity, and the miidnefs oi Indian poli- 

 cy. A Hindoo R?j;ih, as 1 have been informed by petfons well acquaint- 

 ed with ihe Hate of Ir.dia, refcmbles more a father prcfiding in a numer- 

 ous family of children ; than a fcvereign ruling over inferiors. — See 

 Appc'uiiK to Dr. Robertfon's H'tjlorkal Difquijuiotis concetnwg the /ixav- 

 If (/re mb.'C.b ihe antiaits had of India* p. 267—268, 



