AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



II 



1 IK. It may well quicken tlie nniliitioii ofolliers 



I'vo their grounds, wherever iinproveiiieiit 



I :iblp. liorore this operiitiori, this h\ii(i 

 li for 20 and sometimes 10 dollars per acre; 



III whioii is now thorouglily redeemed and cnlti- 

 led, wonM readily command two hundred dollars 

 r acre, und will pay the interest upon a larger 

 n than this, and keep up its condition. The 

 atcr part of this soil is a deposit of rich alluvial 

 d and decayed ve^'etablo matter, thougli in some 

 ts a smnll amount of peat is found. Air Hill 

 aks with stroncf emphasis of the value of clay 

 Dlied to those lands, as to be preferred to any 

 nure which can be put upon them, lie puts no 

 ver upon theni, but sows herdscfrass, redtop, and 

 l-incadow, which last he considers a valualile 

 S8. These meadows when subdued are capable 

 producinj almost any crop. From some acres 

 last season, he obtained crops which yielded 

 ,1 150 dollars per acre. 



Mr Hill's objects are the production of vegeta- 



s, fruits, milk and hay. His ordinary number of 



8 is from 10 to 12. These he changes twice 



a year ; purchasing new milcli cows in the au- 



in wliich lie turns off in the spring for fatting, 



selling in the fall the cows which he purcha- 



n the spring. He owns pasturtge in New 



nipsiiire, to which his cows are sent in the 



Jing to be fatted ; and his sales of beef the pre- 

 t year, amounted to about 15,000 lbs. In this 

 7 he lias Ihe full advantage of his cows in the 

 t of their milking condition ; and his sales of 

 k average about 800 dollars. The average 

 d of milk he considers about 6 1-2 quarts, or a 

 a day to a cow, which seems not a large yield 

 er this management. The average cost of his 

 • milch cows is 25 dollars ; and their value 

 rn turned off in the spring, is estimated at 15 

 ars. He fats annually about 1000 lbs. of pork, 

 'he returns which he has given me of some of 

 crops, are as follows: English hay 75 tons, of 

 ch he sells about 40 tons; salt hay 6 tons ; 

 ii meadow hay 35 tons ; peas, sold green, 275 

 aeU ; potatoes, 1000 bushels; onions, 200 bush- 

 ; beets, 250 bushels; ruta baga, 400 bushels ; 

 ter apples, 350 barrels ; cider, 10 barrels ; as- 

 iigus, squashes, and melons, 500 dollars' worth; 

 weradish, 100 dollars ; celery, 151) dollars ; 5 

 '■!8 of cabbages, savoy and drumhead. These 

 principally drumhead, which are sold to coast- 

 and ships, and bring from four to seven dollars 

 hundred; the price at the present time is ten 

 ars per hundred. His sales of cucumbers for 

 ling, have this year amounted to $1000. There 

 many small items which it is unnecessary to 

 icularize. 



tr Hill has usually six or seven acres in squasli- 

 nd melons, and one acre in asparagus. His 

 jns are planted in the rows of his peas. The 

 i are sowed in rows five feet apart: the melons 

 very other row of peas, in hills ten feet apart. 



hills for the melons are manured with two 

 1 shovelfuls of manure when the peas are sown, 

 igh the melons are not planted until some weeks 

 r the peas. 



'he cultivation of asparagus was formerly a la- 

 ous and expensive affair. It has ceased to be 



Mr Hill deems his lightest and most sandy 

 best suited to this crop. The land after being 



tilled, is laid out in furrows or trenches, three 



apart and about a foot deep ; the plants are 

 1 set in the trenches ; and the land kept clean 



well manured. In this way it is as easily cul- 



tivated as Indian corn, and is a very profitable 

 crop. Horseradish is cultivated much in the same 

 way ; the land requires very high manuring, and 

 the plants are set out by cuttings in narrow rows. 

 As the root is taken up, this requires a frequent 

 planting. I have known two square rods of horse- 

 radish to produce 50 dollars in one season iu the 

 market. 



From an acre in apples, Mr Hill in one case ob- 

 tained 300 barrels. As a wash for his trees, he 

 uses a coniposition ot one pound of potash to one 

 gallon of water ; but is of opinion that this or any 

 other application to the bark will seldom be re- 

 quired, where the land is well manured and culti- 

 vated. 



The observations and experience of so success- 

 ful a farmer, who has been exclusively devoted to 

 agriculture for thirtyseven years, and, in that time 

 has sold much more than 75,000 dollars' worth of 

 produce from his place, exclusive of the consump- 

 tion of his family, are highly valuable, and I there- 

 fore make no apology for going into these details. 



Here is the encouraging example of a man mak- 

 ing himself rich and independent by farming, un- 

 assisted but by his own labor and the resources of 

 his own farm, which his improvements have contin- 

 ually multiplied and enlarged. He began before 

 the mast, and now walks the quarter-deck. Many 

 men think it extraordinary that they cannot walk 

 the quarter-deck without knowing, far less pulling, 

 a single rope in the ship. They are afraid of get- 

 ting tar upon their hands. Agriculture is a trade 

 or profession, to be studied and learnt as much as 

 any other trade or profession. The general opin- 

 ion is, that any dunce may be made a fanner ; so 

 any dunce may be made a merchant, or a lawyer, 

 or a minister — but what sort of merchants, or law- 

 yers, or ministers will dunces make.' 



ON RF.ARING CALVES. 



A correspondent of the London Mark-lane Ex- 

 press says : 



" I never have reared any calves entirely with- 

 out milk. If possible, for the first month, twelve 

 pints of new milk is daily given them, six at morn- 

 ing, and six at night. Hay is placed before them 

 in a small rack, which they soon learn to eat. The 

 following fortnight, six pints of new, and eight of 

 lilue (skim) milk is given them daily; the latter is 

 much belter boiled, and when new, milk-warm,' 

 mixed with the new milk. At the expiration of 

 that time, 1 commence mixing porridge with the 

 skim-milk, and entirely leaving off the new. 'J'he 

 porridge is made of boiling water, and ground lin- 

 seed and wheat. Stir the latter into the water as 

 it boils, until it becomes as thick as good gruel; 

 when cool it is fit for use. Five stone of linseed 

 to a bushel of good sound wheat, ground together, 

 makes very good lining for gruel. When the milk 

 fails, the gruel is given as a substitute in the same 

 quantity. A few cut turnips are likewise given. 



This has been the general .manner in which I 

 have roared calves, and they turn out well in the 

 spring to grass. At times, being much pressed 

 for milk, I have been obliged to commence with 

 porridge ; when the calves have been very young, 

 sometimes only a fortnight old, a little new milk 

 was always put into it ; the calves were also kept 

 at the pail a much longer time. 



I have been in the habit of rearing from ten to 

 eighteen calves yearly for the last eight years, 

 during which period I have lost but five. Linseed 



whide, oil-cake, and Sago have been tried, but the 

 ground wheat and linseed have been always found 

 to answer the best. Your correspondent might 

 try the linseed and wheat. The first month with- 

 out milk, will be the most trying to tlio young calves. 

 Oil-cakc, beans, or oats ground, should be placed 

 daily in a trough, which they will soon begin to 

 lick, and it will keep their bodies from becoming 

 large. The wheat should be sound, and above all, 

 the serving of the calves should be intrusted to ,% 

 trusty person. If this food is given either too hot 

 or too cold, they are injured. New milk warm, 

 and regular feeding does much for them. I have 

 turned out firler calves than some persons who 

 have given much more milk, but have neglected 

 warmth, regularity of feeding and cleanliness." 



Tht Thistle. — The thistle is a biennial plant, 

 and consequently if the seed of every thistle on a 

 farm were to be kept from ripening for two years, 

 the whole race would bo eradicated. It would 

 pay well, therefore, in pastures, to employ an old 

 man and hoy during the month of June; one to 

 cut oft" the thistles just below the crown of the root, 

 and the other to place a tablcspoonful of common 

 salt on the root, which is thus destroyed at one 

 operation, before the seed has been ripened or 

 scattered abroad. If the same expense were gen- 

 erally incurred m destroying thistles, the mischief 

 of which plant is almost incurable, as in catching 

 moles, which do probably no more mischief than is 

 balanced by their usefulness, thistles would soon 

 be as scarce as moles. To effect this, however, 

 there hiust be no thistles left in the hedgerows or 

 on roadsides, to scatter their baneful seeds over the 

 neighboring land. — Selected. 



The Sttep of Plants. — The common chickweed 

 with white blossoms, affords a remarkable instance 

 of what is called Ihe sleep of plants, for every night 

 the leaves approach in pairs, so as to include with- 

 in their upper surface the tender rudiments of the 

 new shoots, while the next under pair at the end 

 of the stalk are furnished with longer leaf-stalka 

 than the others, so that they close the terminating 

 pair, and protect the end of the branch. — Selected. 



Punctuality. — Method is the very hinge of busi- 

 ness ; and there is no method without punctuality. 

 Punctuality produces calmnefs of mind: a disor- 

 derly man is always in a hurry ; he has no time to 

 speak to you, because he is going elsewhere, and 

 when he gets there, he is too late for his business ; 

 or he must hurry away to another before he can 

 finish it. Punctuality gives weight to character. 

 "Such a man has made an appointment; and I 

 know he will keep it." This conviction generates 

 punctuality in you; for, like other virtues, it propa- 

 gates itself. Appointments become debts. I owe 

 you punctuality, if i have made an appointment 

 with you ; and have no right to throw away your 

 time, if I do my own. Punctuality in paying tht 

 printer, is a shining virtue, and is one of the re- 

 quisites to the character of a good member of com- 

 munity. — Selected. 



The Editor of the Dayton Register says, there 

 is no knowing but that Miller's prediction of the 

 destruction of the world next year may be true, and 

 thinks it would be safest for his delinquent subscri- 

 bers to pay up, and thus be better prepared for the 

 great event. 



