»/.. x«i. NO. ar. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



2J3 



From the Now Goncsoo Farmer. 



EUKOrE.VN AGRICULTUR.'VL TOUR AND 

 SURVK.y. 

 Several frentleinpii interested ill the advance- 

 ment (if ai;riciiltiiral ecience aud inipruvenienl, mid 

 of rural education, liove [iropoaed to Mr Henry Col- 

 man, Lite Commissioner u\ the Ai;ricultural Survey 

 of M issachusettfi, to visit Europe for these objects. 

 The plan is for him to spend a year in England, 

 in the examination of the Husbandry and Rural 

 Economy of that country, and a year on the Conti- 

 nent, in the examination of French, Fleini.sh, Swiss 

 and (lerman Husbandry, and especially the Af^ri- 

 cultur.il or Manual Labor Schools and the e.\peri- 

 mentnl Farms. 



It IS thought that such an e.\aniination, as yet 

 inevnr undertaken by an American, niin;lu, if well 

 COnduct(;d, essentially conduce to the advancement 

 lof agricultural knowledge and improvement in this 

 [country, and especially serve the cause of rural 

 and practical education, which is nov,- exciting 

 great interest throughout the United States. T)ie 

 general plan of the Survey will conform to Mr Col- 

 man's Survey of the Agriculture of Massachusetts. 

 It is proposed to publish his reports in succes. 

 3ive numbers. The first number is expected to 

 ippear by the first of January, 1814, and sooner if 

 Dracticable. The rest of the numbers will follow 

 n convenient succession, at intervals of two or 

 hrce months. 



The wliole work will be comprised in eight, or 

 itmostten numbers, of at least 100 pages each, 

 landsoniely printed in an octavo form, stitched and 

 overed, and embellished with necessary and use- 

 mi drawings and engravings, title pages and index. 

 The cost will be 50 cents each number to sub- 

 cribers. Gentlemen who subscribe are understood 

 i8 subscribing for the whole work. 



As the enterprise involves of necessity a large 

 ixpense, it is expected that one dollar per copy 

 'ill be paid on subscribing ; or otherwise, one dol- 

 •11 on the delivery of the first number ; one on the 

 iclivory of the second number; one on the delive- 

 y of the fifth number; one on the delivery of the 

 •eventh number ; and one on the delivery of the 

 intli number, should the work be extended to ten 

 umbers. 



Mr Colman will leave for Europe as soon as the 

 ubscrlption will warrant the undertaking. 

 An early return is respectfully requested of gen- 

 emeu to whom this is sent, addressed to Henry 

 !oluian, Rochester, N. V'. ; to Little & Brown, 

 {oston, Mass. ; to Charles S. Francis & Co., No. 

 '52 Broadway, New York ; or to Lulher Tucker, 

 vullivator Office, Albany, N. V. 



A Jf'olfin SAee/j's Clothing. — 'I'he very curious 

 ircumstance occurred recently at a village in 

 tucks county. Pa., of a gentleman by the name of 

 beep, having been robbed of his clothing during 

 ie night, by a room companion — a pompous, self- 

 Tiportant, dressy liltle follow, calling himself ^ol. 

 Voif, who forced an undue share of civility upon 

 iin, during an hour or two's acquaintance. In the 

 lorniijg Wolf was n^t to be found, but pursuit be- 

 ig niide, he was soon overhauled, dressed entirely 

 1 " Sltetp's clothing." — Phil. Sat. Cour. 



By the last census, it appeared there were 759 

 ersons in the U. States over 100 years of ago, and 

 lore than 200,000 above the age of 70. 



HONES FOR MANURE. 



The hones of dilforcnl spei;ics of animals differ 

 much as to their component parts, and therefore 

 are not of the same value. As far as nitrogen is 

 concerned, the bones of cattle are the best, whilst 

 those of horses and sheep are preferable on account 

 of the greater amount of phosphate. Those who 

 use bones as nuinure, should bear this in mind. 



In the use of bones as manure it is requisite that 

 they should be previously reduced into the finest 

 possible dust, which, however, is a ditlicult opera- 

 tion, on account of the toughness of their cartdnge. 

 The operation is [lerformed by pounding or grind- 

 ing, sifting the dust, and pounding and grinding 

 the coarse pieces again. Fine pulverization is ab- 

 solutely necessary, in order that the cartilage may 

 be the sooner dissolved in water, and the phosphate 

 of lime in the acids of the soil. The coarser the 

 dust the more it will take to inanure a certain area ; 

 the finer, the less: however, the coarser powder 

 will act during a longer period. Heavy clayey 

 soils will require more than light loam or sandy 

 fields; and if bones are to be used efficiently upon 

 dry sandy soil, poor in humus, the bone-dust must 

 be first mixed with humous earth, and be left to 

 rot, as we shall state hereafter. 



Bone dust always acts best if brought into close 

 contact with the roots, and should therefore either 

 be harrowed in with the seed, or used as a top 

 dressing. In England, it is drilled in the ridges, 

 where turnips are sown. 700 lbs. per acre will 

 act even after three years, as I have found by seve- 

 ral experiments; the first year, however, the action 

 will be the greatest if the season has not been too 

 dry. It has been assumed, that 200 lbs. of bone 

 dust are equivalent in their action to 500 lbs. of 

 dry manure, which, however, is a very uncertain 

 calculation, for the quality of the manure must bo 

 taken into account. 



If bone dust is to act properly, it is necessary 

 that the soil should not bo deficient in humus and 

 moisture; because both cartilage and phosphate of 

 lime are substances with difficulty dissolved in 

 water; the latter, especially, being only soluble in 

 water by the acid of the humic or carbonic acids 

 derived from humus. Moisture is also indispensa- 

 ble, because it is necessary to bring about the 

 change of cartilage into ammonia and carbonic 

 acid. Huniic acid is of equal importance, for the 

 sake of neutralizing the ammonia generated from 

 the cartilage and fixing it. If, then, manuring 

 with bone dust has been occasionally found to be 

 unsuccessful, it may have been caused by the defi- 

 ciency of humus or moisture. 



Those vegetables will be most advanced by ma- 

 nuring with bone dust in which much nitrogen, 

 phosphorus, and chlorine are to be met with, to 

 which class belong all sorts of cabbages and tur- 

 nips, wheat, trefoil, beans, peas and vetches. Used 

 on meadows, bone dust brings up difl'erent species 

 of trefoil and vetches, and at the same time gene- 

 rates a rich herbage, much relished by cattle. It 

 has been objected to bone manure that it brings to 

 the land worms and insects which destroy the 

 crops ; but this will not be the case if the bone 

 dust has been previously mixed with humus earth, 

 and is thoroughly rolled ; because, in that case, 

 the cartilage which atlracls the worms and insects, 

 is decomposed. — Trans, from the German, for the 

 Farmers' Journal, Eng. 



The slaves of fashion starve their happiness to 

 feed their vanity. 



SELF-MADE MEN. 

 The following paragraph from llio pen of Horace 

 Greely, editor of the New Yoik Tribune, speaks 

 volumes of encouragement to the young men of 

 onr land. It is a notorious liiet, that many, very 

 many of the masterspirits of this country, are self- 

 made men, wiio have risen by their own energies 

 from the humblest walks of life. Those " twin 

 jailors of the heart, low birth and iron fortune," 

 are great obstacles to younj and aspiring minds; 

 hut energy, integrity and faith, sraltera them froih 

 the path to distinction as the winds scatter the 

 leaves of autumn. There is, in truth, " no such 

 word as/((t7." — Boston Daily Mail. 



"I have often worshipped (says Mr Greely,) in a 

 Baptist meeting-house in Vermont, whereon, at its 

 construction, some thirty years ago, a studious and 

 exemplary young man was for sometime employed 

 as a carpenter, who afterwards qualified himself 

 and entered upon the responsibilities of the Chris- 

 tian ministry. That young man was Jared Sparks, 

 since editor of the North American Review, of 

 Washington's voluminous writings, &c., and now 

 recognized as one of the foremost scholars, histo- 

 rians and critics in America." 



And (adds the editor of the Mail,) we recollect 

 very well of entering an obscure country printing 

 office, some fourteen years ago, and seeing a tall 

 pale, awkward, and "■nnjllier green" looking youth, 

 who had just commenced his career as " printer's 

 devil," and was engaged in the first rudiments of 

 separating and setting up pied type. The gentle- 

 man who accompanied us pointed him out as one 

 who would some day make a "remarkable man." 

 That youth was Horace Greelt, the author of 

 the paragraph above quoted, and now perhaps one 

 of the most influential editors in the United Slates. 



TOO MUCH TRUTH. 



We have been favored with the following ex- 

 tract of a letter from New Jersey, U. S. The wri- 

 ter, who was many years a resident at Brighton, 

 emigrated lately to the U. States. — English paper. 

 Elizabethtown, N. J., Aug. 20. 



"Trade in the U. States is in a very depressed 

 state. It appears that the whole of the people were 

 intoxicated with imaginary prospects, a few years 

 ago, when they were borrowing capital from Eu- 

 rope, and greatly expanding their own currency ; 

 but the supplies being cut off, and the paper circu- 

 lation much diminished, the commereial embarrass- 

 ments of the whole nation are worse than anything 

 of the kind ever experienced in England in my 

 lifetime. Nature is bountiful here, and there is a 

 very large surplus of the necessaries of life raised 

 annually : but the people have contracted so much 

 of the expensive habits of Europeans, and dre.~s so 

 expensively, that the majority are in debt, even of 

 the farmers in this section, and are in fact poor in 

 the midst of plenty. The people in this neighbor- 

 hood dress more elegantly, and (the articles in 

 which they dress being imported) much more ex- 

 pensively than the people of the same classes in 

 Brighton, more particularly females. It therefore 

 takes the produce of a large quantity of land, at 

 the present low prices of farm produce, to dress a 

 young lady according to fashion." 



Before you have fallen down more than twice on 

 the ice at your door, cut it up or throw some aahes 

 on it. 



