OL. XXI. NO. 31. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



269 



alreniiy existing in his stock. It need not be 

 Ihnt (hose wlio turn two or three rams of 

 ent slinpe anil qualities into a (lelii with all 

 ewes, without atteniplinj to make any solec- 

 amonu tlioni, have no ri;;lit to expect to be 

 "sstul breeders, and if they do expect it, will 

 inly be disoppoinled. 



lere is one failings to which all breeders are 

 ;, but to which the breeder of male animals, 

 he greater interest attached to his occupa- 

 is more particularly liable, and against which 

 jght most carefidly to guard himself; this is, 

 reat a partiality for animals bred by himself; 

 le ought frequently to use the stock belong- 

 o other breeders, and fairly compare its merits 

 those of his own. 



will be advisable for the agricultural society 

 culate by all means in their power, all sug- 

 ons upon the art of breeding that shall appear 

 sni likely to be useful. — Mark-lant (London) 



EXERCISE, 

 my people look upon the necessity man is 

 of earning his bread by labor, as a curse, 

 t is evident from the structure of tlie body, 

 ixercise is not less necessary than food for 

 eservation of health : those who labor are not 

 the most healthy, but generally the most hap- 

 rt of mankind. This is peculiarly the case 

 those who live by the culture of the ground, 

 great increase of inhabitants in- infant agri- 

 re every where, evidently proves it to be the 

 healthy, as well as the most useful employ- 



e love of activity shows itself very early in 

 So strong is the principle, thot a healthy 

 cannot be restrained from activity. Our 

 of motion is surely a strong proof or its utili- 

 It seems to bo a law throughout the whole 

 il creation, that no creature, without exercise, 

 d enjoy health, or be able to find subsistence, 

 ictivity never fails to produce a universal re- 

 ion of the solids, whicli disposes the body to 

 norable diseases. When the solids are relax- 

 either the digestion nor any of the secretions 

 le duly performed. How can persons who 

 11 day on easy chairs, and sleep all night on 

 of down, fail to be relaxed ? nor do those 

 mend the matter who never hardly stir 

 .d but in a coach. 



andular obstructions generally proceed from 

 ivily. These are the most obstinate maladies, 

 •ng as the liver, kidneys and other glands duly 

 rm their functions, health is seldom much im- 

 d, but when they fail, it is difficult to be re- 

 d. 



eak nerves are also the constant companions 

 activity. We seldom hear the laborious com- 

 I of weak nerves. This plainly points out the 

 ;es from which nervous diseases generally ori- 

 le, and the means by which they may be pre- 

 2d. 



is absolutely impossible to enjoy health, where 

 )erspiration is not duly carried on ; but that 

 never be the case where exercise is neglected. 

 !n the matter which ought to be thrown off by 

 piration, is retained in the body, it vitiates the 

 ors, and occasions the gout, rheumatism, &c. 

 piece of indolence injures the health more 

 the custom of lying in bed too long in the 

 ling : the morning is undoubtedly the best for 



exercise, as the air braces and strengthens the 

 nerves. Custom soon renders early rising agreea- 

 ble, and, next to lolnl nbsliiience from all intoxica- 

 ting drinks, nothing contributes more to the preser- 

 vation of health. 



Every person should lay themselves under some 

 sort of necessity to take exercise. Indolence, like 

 other vices, when indulged, gains ground, and at 

 length becomes agreeable. Hence many who 

 were fond of cxercisa in the early part of life, be- 

 come quite averse to it afterwards. This is often 

 the case with gouty and hypocondriac persons, and 

 frequently when their diseases are difficult to cure. 



Indolence not only occasions diseases, and ren- 

 ders man useless to society, but promotes all man- 

 ner of vice. The mind, if not engaged in some 

 useful pursuit, is constantly in quest of some ideal 

 pleasures. From these sources proceed most of 

 the miseries of mankind. Certainly man was nevj 

 er intended to be idle. Inactivity frustrates the 

 very design of his creation, whereas an active life 

 is the best and greatest preservation of health. — 

 Oracle of Htallh. 



CULTURE OF THE PEA. 



This valuable crop has been unusually produc- 

 tive the past year, and will to a considerable ex- 

 tent, supply the place of the corn crop, which in 

 many parts of the country has proved a partial 

 failure. This illustrates the old remark that corn 

 and peas rarely succeed well in the same season. 

 The author of the " British Husbandry" remarks, 

 "that few things can be more uncertain than the 

 produce of the grain, which seems entirely depen- 

 dent upon circumstances regarding the state of the 

 atmosphere at the time of blossoming, and with 

 the precise nature of which we are unacquainted. 

 In dripping or wet seasons, which are favorable to 

 their growth, so much as 84 bushels of Marlbo- 

 rough grey peas have been got from a single acre, 

 though on good soils and favorable season, 30 

 bushels is considered a fair crop." 



To the great moisture, and consequent coolness 

 of the past season, we may doubtless attribute the 

 excellence of the pea crop, which in several in- 

 stances has far exceeded all that we have ever be- 

 fore known in this country. A young farming 

 friend of ours had a crop that good judges estima- 

 ted at 60 bushels per acre, but which unfortunate- 

 ly, in spite of every exertion to save it, was so 

 damaged and wasted by the storms and long con- 

 tinued wet weather of September, all accuracy as 

 regards the quantity, was out of the question, The 

 ground was in corn the year before, and heavily 

 manured. It was plowed in the fall, once in the 

 spring, sowed to peas of the Marrowfat kind, and 

 well rolled. 



But the greatest crop we believe on record, is 

 the one grown by Mr Wasson, of Leicester, Living- 

 ston CO., as stated in the New Genesee Farmer, of 

 November. They were of the kind called the 

 short-pod English pea, sowed on ground used for 

 corn two years previous, soil black and mucky, 

 three bushels of seed to the acre, and the quantity 

 grown on one acre, measured at the time of thresh- 

 ing, was 88 bushels and 8 quarts. 



The pea, like corn, delights in a rich, deep soil, 

 as in these it suffers less from drought than on any 

 other; and on such it is valuable as preparatory 

 for wheat — a good crop smothering all weeds, and 

 leaving the soil clean and in good condition. There 

 is little use in attempting to grow the pea on poor 



or unmanured soil."!, and those who on such soils as 

 these, follow the pea with wheat, arc apt to have 

 their labor for their pains. Peas, with corn or 

 roots, form a good part in any rotation ; manure 

 operating favorably upon them, and they leaving 

 the soil for a grain crop unexhausted. — Albany 

 Cult. 



Trom the same. 



SUBSTITUTE FOR THE ROLLER. 



Messrs. Editors — One of our farmers, l\Ir John 

 A. Merselis, uses the following article, instead of a 

 roller with good effect. He takes a slab, or out- 

 side cut from a log, two or three inches thick, nine 

 inches wide, and about seven feet long ; a rope is 

 fastened in each end, then by means of the clevis, 

 he fastens his team to the middle of the rope. If 

 the driver is a heavy person, he uses the flat side 

 down next the ground ; if he is a light person, 

 the round side down ; going over the field several 

 times, until tlie ground is sufficiently pulverized ; 

 the driver standing on it, to keep it in close con- 

 tact with the ground. By rubbing over the ground, 

 it pulverizes it thoroughly. The past season, I 

 saw two of his fields ; one planted with corn, on 

 our Mohawk flats, which looked like a bed in a 

 garden ; the rows of corn could be seen across the 

 field, when only an inch or two high. The other 

 was upland, clay and slate gravel, sown with oats, 

 which was equally smooth. I believe when he 

 uses it, he does not previously harrow. He invent- 

 ed it to cover Marrowfat peas, which, by harrow- 

 ing, he was unable to cover. He even uses it to 

 cover his potatoes after planting them. 

 Respectfully, yours, 



CHS. H. TOMLINSON. 



Schenectady, JV. Y. 



From the same. 



RELIEF OF CHOKED CATTLE. 

 Mesrs. Editors — In looking over the articles of 

 your January No., I learned a novel method of re- 

 lieving choked cattle ; one too that may prove fa- 

 tal in the hands of some one less fortunate or skil- 

 ful than your correspondent — that of tapping with 

 a knife. It is not, I believe, generally known 

 among farmers, that an ox or cow may be relieved 

 in one minute|froin the danger of death and anguish 

 of pain produced by a potato or any other thing 

 lodged in the cesophagus or passage to the sto- 

 mach, by an operation so simple that any boy in 

 his teens may perform it, without the least danger 

 to the patient. Take a common earriage-whip, 

 the butt or handle of which is an inch or an inch 

 and a quarter in diameter, and smooth; let an as- 

 sistant raise the head of the beast to be operated 

 on, so high that the lower jaw will be parallel with 

 the lower part of the neck; thrust the butt into 

 the mouth and push forward boldly but steadily, 

 .till you have pushed the potato or substance into 

 the stomach. I feed my cows potatoes without 

 cutting, as I have no fears of their being injured 

 by choking, the remedy in that event being so sim- 

 ple. I have performed it several times, and would 

 advise your correspondent, Mr Otis, to try it, should 

 ever occasion require it, before he tries the more 

 dangerous one of tapping; and he will be convinc- 

 ed that his remedy is neither "surest, most expe- 

 ditious," or " safest." H. D. E. 

 Port Byron, Jan. 20, 1843. 



