AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



^ 



PUBLISHED BY JOSEPH BRECK & CO., NO. 62 NORTH MARKET STREET, (Aoricultoral Wahbhodsb.j-ALLEN PUTNAM, EDITOR. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 1, 1843. 



[NO. 3S, 



N. E. FARMER, 



FIFTH AGRICULTURAL MEETING AT 



THE STATE HOUSE. 



Subjtd, Fruits and Fruit Trees. 



[Continued. 1 



Mr George Pierce, of West Cambridge, eiiid he 



knew no effectiml mode of destroyinij tlie borer. 



In 1S35 or '36, CapU Charles Wellington topped 

 lan orchard of Russot trees, in March ; in June he 

 grafted over ; let both grafts and suckers grow the 

 first year: second year, cut one scion from every 

 stock : in the third year from that time, the orch- 

 ard produced 100 bbls. of apples. It is now a 

 handsome orchard : not a tree has failed, and only 

 Dne looks sickly. 



The whole of the limbs were cut when the trees 

 were topped, but not many limbs were cut at the 

 ;runk. These trees were from 8 to 15 inches 

 ihrough. The orchard was not very old. The 

 aarl; was smooth and the trees were tlirifty. The 

 jround was generally in tillage. 



Mr Pierce would always keep the ground loose 



round trees. In 1S3G, when he first came to the 



lace on which he now lives, there were seven 



each trees on it. Three of the trees that year 



ad fruit on them ; he waited for it to ripen until 



fter the snow came — but patience waited in vain. 



he next year a man spent a day in budding these 



:ees; — only two buds lived. The next fall these 



tore good fruit, and the year following he got from 



hem many dozens of peaches, which he sold at $1 



«er dozen ; and the same the two following years. 



he peaches came from the same branches which 



.i'3G bore little unripened things. It is a late va- 



ety — the Royal George. Cultivation of the soil 



nd care of the tree wrought the change. 



The yellows have not troubled him — the borer 



the only enemy he has to contend with — and for 



>iese he has not found ashes a perfect remedy. 



For an early peach, Coolidge'a Favorite he 

 links best. 



The most effectual wash is that which he ap- 

 ies to the ground — that is, good cultivation. By 

 is he can keep the bark so smooth that lice and 

 ;rmin can hardly crawl up. 



All worms poison and stunt trees : good cultiva- 

 on helps the trees to resist these evil effects. 

 An old peach tree may have a pruning in April, 

 ut a young, vigorous tree should have its branches 

 inned out in August. Heading down has been a 

 3od operation with many cultivators, but he has 

 ot tried it. The peach will continue vigorous and 

 Hiitful here more than or 7 years, though the 

 latement made last week may be true in regard 

 New Jersey. 



To get good peaches, you must thin out the 

 uit when it is not more than half grown. He 

 iled to get as good fruit last year as before, by 

 at thinning enough ; — he disliked to take off the 

 saches, which would bring him a dollar per dozen, 

 d let this reluctance spoil the whole. 

 The summer before the last, in a very dry time, 

 J dug around twelve trees — seven peaches, and 



five Bartlott pears; — dug a circle 10 feet in diame- 

 ter, as deep as the roots would let him go ; then 

 covered the ground with pea vines, &c. ; then wa- 

 tered freely. The drooping trees revived in a day, 

 and the fruit was such as paid him well for his ex- 

 pense. 



He has been accustomed to transplanting trees 

 for thirty years, and does not remember that he 

 has ever lost one by the operation. Thinks that 

 the stock in some instances, may have some effect 

 as well as the scion upon the quality of the fruit. 



PLUM TREE AND ITS ENEMIES. 



To the Editor of (he New EtiKlaiid Farmer : 



Dear Sik — As it appears that many persons 

 suppose that all, or nearly all, the varieties of the 

 Plum, are subject to the attack of insects, and to 

 the knots and excresences caused thereby, and as 

 there are others who are not sufficiently conver- 

 sant with the subject to discriminate between those 

 which are, and those which are not subject to such 

 injuries, we now send you the names of the most 

 valuable varieties that are never thus attacked, or 

 very rarely so. Furthermore, we have established 

 a discriminative guide, embracing a large number 

 of varieties, which is this : — The varieties of Ameri- 

 can origin, are not subject to attacks of the insect ; 

 and this rule holds true, with but a single excep- 

 tion, that we are aware of, and that one is the Red 

 Gage ; and so universal is this exemption, that if 

 we did not know that the Red Gage originated at 

 this establishment, we should not be very ready to 

 believe it a native variety. Every cultivator of 

 plum trees, we presume, is aware that the Late 

 Purple Damson, which ripens in October, is more 

 subject to attacks of the insect referred to, than 

 any other variety ; and yet we have a native seed- 

 ling from it, scarcely differing at all from the pa- 

 rent in the appearance of the tree or in fruit, which 

 never is attacked thereby. The Green Gage, or 

 Grosse Reine Claude, is liable to attack, but the 

 three new varieties of the Gage in the annexed 

 list, which were originated by Wm. Prince, al- 

 though seedlings of the preceding one, are not 

 subject to such attacks. 



Perhaps we may hereafter send you our views 

 as to a discrimination between the European varie- 

 ties that are, and those that are not subject to the 

 depredations of this insect, and comprising a most 

 singular deduction from affinity in iho sap ; but at 

 this moment we will simply state that the varie- 

 ties of the Dame Aubert or True Magnum Bonum, 

 are exempt, or nearly so, whereas many of the va- 

 rieties that are the progeny of the original Damas- 

 cus, or Damas, or Damson plum, (these three names 

 being synonymous,) are subject thereto. 



We notice mi an editorial article in your last 

 number, you quote from Mr Forman's work, that 

 " Where there are no plum trees, there are no plum 

 tree insects"! ! ? — and you also quote his recom- 

 mendation that all the plum trees be burnt, in order 

 to annihilate the insects I — but, most unfortunately 

 for his sovereign remedy, yet luckily withal for the 

 poor insects, they find the Morello cherry quite as 



congenial to their taste, and they also frequent the 

 Bird Cherry, or Prunus virginiana. 

 Yours, very respectfully, 



WM. R. PRINCE & CO. 

 Lin. Bot. Garden and JVurseries, > 

 Flushing, Feb. 20, 1843. J 



The following are the varieties of Plums above 

 referred to, as not liable to attacks of insects : 

 American Yellow Gage ; 

 Prince's Imperial do. 

 Prince's Green do. 



Prince's Yellow do. 

 Purple or Violet do. 

 Washington (Bolmer's;) 

 Brevoort's Purple Washington j 

 Coe's Golden Drop ; 

 Corse's plums — several varieties ; 

 Diamond ; 



Duane's Purple French; 

 Blue Imperatrice ; i 



Elfrey, or French Copper; 

 Goliah ; 



Huling's Superb ; 

 Italian Damask ; 

 Large Early Black Montreuil ; 

 Large Black Imperial ; 

 Lewistown Egg ; 

 Yellow Egg, or Magnum Bonum ; 

 White Egg, or Imperial ; 

 Yellow Imperial ; 



Red Egg, or Dame Auber a Rouge; 

 Prince's Large Summer Egg — new ; 

 Nectarine ; 

 Smith's Orleans ; 

 Italian Prune ; 

 Tomlinson's Charlotte; 

 Miller's Spanish ; 



Red St. Martin, or Coe's Fine Red ; 

 Imperial Milan — and some others not recollected 

 at this moment. 



OJ^We should be happy to learn from the fruit- 

 growers here, whether their experience in Massa- 

 chusetts will show that this classification by Messrs. 

 Prince & Co., is of any value as a guide in this 

 part of the country Ed. N. E. F. 



Miseries oj Indolence. — None so little enjoy life, 

 and are such a burden to themselves, as those who 

 have nothing to do. The active only have the 

 true relish of life. He who knows not what it is 

 to labor, knows not what it is to enjoy. It is exer- 

 tion that renders rest delightful and sleep sweet 

 and undisturbed. That the happiness of life de- 

 pends on the regular prosecution of some laudable 

 business, which engages, helps and enlivens all 

 his powers, let those bear witness who, after spend- 

 ing years in active usefulness, have sought enjoy- 

 ment in retirement Selected. 



Man never was intended to be idle. Inactivity 

 frustrates the very design of his creation; whereas 

 an active life is the best guardian of virtue, and 

 the greatest preservative of health. 



