VOU. XXI. .\«>. 43. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



341 



user than any tliat I ever grew before; anil I Lost year I selected two liills of hulinii ci'rn, 

 w perceive tlie rationality of attributing the sii- | standini; two feet six iticlies apart; tbe leines 

 iriority of ttie turnip in En!»land, to tlie very were stripped off the first, it being tlie rtutside hill, 

 reful cultivation bestowed upon it ; the land be- | when grown to their full size, or nearly bo, and 

 J plowed five times, and repeatedly harrowed 

 d rolled, by which it is completely pulverized ; 

 d the weeds are encouraged to grow, to be turn- 

 under by the plow; thus ridding the land of 

 B crops of weeds before mowing the turnip crop. 

 t, "can this ever pay ?" I am confident that it 

 n, and will. . JACOB HEINZEL. 



From the Albany Cultivalor. 



INDIAN CORN. 

 Mtssrs. Editor! — My corn crop of Inst year, was 

 t so good as in former years, but being resolved 

 know the quantity per acre, I measiin-d off half 

 acre — of course the best I could select midway 

 •OSS the field — and had it husked and measured 

 .h care. Tlie product of this half acre was for- 

 ix bushels and a half and ten quarts, oi shelled 

 •n : this gives over 93 1-3 bushels per acre, 

 is corn was grown in a young peach orchard, 

 ! trees standing at distances of si.xteen feet 

 tare, and the corn planted two feet eight inches 

 lare, making six rows between the rows of trees, 

 ch tree occupied the space for five hills of corn, 

 ich are not counted in the measurement, but if 

 |3ed, would make over one hundred bushels per 

 ire. 



(Corn should be planted so as to give a covering 

 Uhe ground, that will keep in check all other 

 |>wlhs, when the corn has attained about one- 

 Ird its matured height; and the experience of 

 he years assures me, that the ground on which it 

 l>ws, cannot be disturbed after this height is at- 

 loed, till maturity, without injury to the plant. 

 My reasons for close planting are adduced from 

 I ctice, and are these : that I get as large ears as 

 < en planted wider, more of them, my field is free 

 I m weeds, the crop requires less work, and I have 

 I reator amount of fodder for my farm stock. 

 There is no diminution in the product of seed 

 I fruit, from working a plant till the secretions 

 I :essary for the production of seed are about be- 

 i; deposited in the plant. 



Experiment confirms to me, that if the primitive 



1 its of such corn as I plant, are injured before 



1 ! lower leaves upon the stalk have lost their suc- 



I ency, a sucker is produced from the crown of 



!• root; but I have nev^ been able to produce a 



I ;ker, by such means as I have tried, after the 



lirth leaf upon the stalk had lost its softness and 



Icame firm, at which time the stalk will liave at- 



1 ned about one-third of its matured height. At 



13 stage of growth, I suppose the gencrant ves- 



1 3 are actively employed, and matter is forming 



: d depositing for seed ; but where and how the 



I nerant organs aro situated in tho corn plant, I 



• 11 not undertake to determine; but I will ven- 



' e to say that they are not to be found either in 



'3 tassel or silk, the tassel being the conduit, and 



"; silk the recipient for the farina. 



By pulling the leaves off the corn plant, beloio 



lere tiie ear is placed upon the stalk, and while 



their succulent state, no seed is made upon the 



ilk ; but if the leaf is permitted to become firm 



d hard, before it is pulled, little or no diminution 



kes place in the product of grain. The 



before they had lost their succulency, pulling 

 ut a time, till I came to where I supposed the shoot 

 for the ear would pot forth on the stalk. Tho ro- 

 sult of thia experiment was a large husk without 

 any grain. Tho other hill was left till tho leaves 

 had lost their softness and become hard, pulling 

 one at a lime, each as it becniiie hard, till the 

 height of tho ear was attained. In this experi- 

 ment I could perceive no dilTerence in grain, the 

 oar being as full and as large as those standing 

 near it, whoso leaves were not disturbed. 



These, and other experiments and observations, 

 have induced ino to think that the new fibrous roots 

 thrown out from the injured radicle, took up and 

 carried matter for tne first wants of a young plant. 

 Whether this matter is the same as the ligneous 

 sap in the more matured plant, I do not now pro- 

 pose to inquire ; but if it will bear a comparison 

 with tho first and after wants of the animal crea- 

 tion, then we are to infer that the pabulum neces- 

 sary for the young plant, is somewhat different 

 from that required at a later period of its growth. 

 If ills dissimilar, and I have reason to believe it 

 is, then the plant at an advanced age, may not be 

 in a condition to receive this new sap, and thus 

 cause disease in several ways. 



LYTTLKTON PHYSIC. 



Cecil Co., Md. 



safe to dry ihuni two or ihrce days in the sun, or 

 put in the oven fur two or three i:ours after bukin); 

 bread. 



."). The value of raw silk depends materially up- 

 on good, even and rcund reeling ; a great deal of 

 silk is entirely lost by want of practice in doing 

 this properly, or being made of inferior quality- 

 It is best to reel two threads of silk at once, often 

 or twelve strands each, and which can be made 

 round by crossing, and particularly not to be flat- 

 tened or matted together. Use a two yard frame 

 and put up in '-2 oz. hanks. 



The worms from .'5000 eggs may be expected to 

 require from 1(10 to l.'iO lbs. of leaves before rais- 

 ing. The product varies very much according to 

 success and description, and each one's experience 

 will alone give further data. 



Samples of silk, if sent early, as soon as reeled 

 and ready for market, will have immediate atten- 

 tion, and sulos will be made to the greatest advan- 

 tage. Liberal advances will be made, when re- 

 quired, on consignments of raw silk and cocoons, 

 on receipt and inspection of the quality. 



G. M. HAYWOOD, & Co. 



128 Pearl Street, .Vtuj York. 



P. S. — We have made arrangements to offer for 

 sale, on early application, a good description of 

 silk-ivorm erjgs, warranted, at 50 cents per 5000 ; 

 also, a proper and simple reel, at the cost of 1 lb. 

 of silk, by which a person can reel from 1 to 2 

 lbs. of good silk per day, and in the best way. All 

 persons that raise cocoons, are reconunended to 

 reel them also, and obtain the largest gain. 



From the same. 



CULTURE OF SILK. 



Circular to Silk Growers, and to Encourage the 



Culture of Silk. 



The subscribers having established themselves as 

 silk commission merchants, with prospects of use- 

 fulness and success, will continue to attend partic- 

 ularly to the sale of American raw silk. 



From long experience in the silk business, it is 

 expected they may be of service in finding a ready 

 market for American raw silk, and facilitate its 

 production, by giving information of the manage- 

 ment and care necessary to insure success. 



1. To raise silk of the best quality, it is of the 

 most importance to obtain a good description of 

 silk-worm eggs, and not mixed or crossed of diffe- 

 rent kinds. Tho Mira-Bello or Italian Yellow 

 Peanut cocoon, and the Large China, White and 

 Yellow, are cood, and are being successfully rais- 

 ed in many parts of the States. 



2. The eggs should not be permitted to hatch 

 too early, or before tho mulberry leaf will be in 

 suflicient supply. June to July has been usually 

 found the right season, and safest to raise the 

 worms healthy. 



3. Only feed with fresh, sound, and dry leaves. 

 Cleanliness, also, is very necessary, and a mode- 

 rate use of lime has been found of advantage. 



4. The cocoonery should be arranged to be csi- 

 ly ventilated and protected from exposure or dam- 

 age by storms or sudden changes of temperature, 

 and from attacks of vermin. 



Early Cucumbers. — The following article, which 

 we extract from a late number of the Hartford 

 Courant, will be useful to those who wish to raisA 

 early cucumbers, and have not the convenience of 

 a hot-bed : 



" As I am one of those small farmers whose 

 means are limited, and not having any hot-bed, I 

 will state the manner in which I forwarded my cu- 

 cumbers last season, and if you think it worth pub- 

 lishing, you are at liberty to do it. 



I took a raisin box, cut a piece of turf the size 

 of the box, then cut lengthways and crossways, to 

 make eight pieces. Put it into the box inverted ; 

 put in rich soil half an inch deep, planted seeds 

 enough for a hill on each turf, covered them with 

 rich soil half an inch deep, placed the box by a 

 stove, sprinkled water on as occasion required, set 

 the box out the south side of the house in pleasant 

 weather, carrying it in nights ; and at a proper 

 time 1 removed them to the garden. The benefits 

 of this mode are, the little trouble and expense at- 

 tending it, and the ease with which they are trans- 

 planted. By removing eai h piece of turf sepa- 

 jately, they seem not to be stunted at all in growth." 



.5. The earlier the cocoons are reeled off, the 

 me [belter will be the silk, and easier to reel. If not 

 ... occurs in the peach tree— ^he summer growth reeled immediately, it is necessary to kill tho chry- 

 le'ives being pulled in their succulent stale, no sails, and in doing so, the coco^ons are hable to be 

 Jit is obtained tho succeeding year. [injured by too much drying. 



It is sufficient and 



Black Sea Wheal S. W. Jewelt, of Vermont, 



says: "For three or more years, this variety of 

 wheat has been cultivated in this vicinity, and 

 with universal success. I have seen the grain se- 

 lected from the most rank and lodged portions of 

 the field, threshed separate, and the yield was 

 about one bushel to the shock ; in fact, it has inva- 

 riably given a good return, from 20 to 40 bushels 

 to the acre. The great encouragement to grow 

 this kind of grain with us is, that it never failed of 

 yielding a good return, and in most cases a large 

 crop, not subject to the rust, as other varieties have 

 been here." — Ml>. Cult. 



