S;; IVOL. XIV. KO. 40. 



A1\D GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



315 



rages, a certain number attain frrniliinily, each 



r, degrees of perfection which yon hasten to 



vo, to reward, anil to render profitable to all j 



there can only be seen in these successive 



cliorations, the happy symptoms and the niitioi- 



tcd rosiihs of that great phenomenon whicli 



aracterises modern society, progression. Every 



ing advances under the same secret impulse, tiiat 



the good of the individual, towards the same 



parent end, that of the general good ; and in 



is universal movement governed by a high 



ilanthropy, each one receives quietly in his 



rn the reward of his own efforts, under the 



mniou banner of a well regulated emulation, 



dch has neither within itself, nor does it give 



JO ;o any germ of discord or dissention. 



But it is not so when a question arises, enibra- 



ng one of those bold, exclusive, innovating ideas, 



presenting an entire system, which at times 



irsts tbrth from ardent minds, whose natural 



ithusiasm is supported by profound conviction, 



id which astonishes the multitude, and tends to 



splacc some old order of things. These new 



id arbitrary ideas, must of consequence contend 



ith invetei'ate habits, call in question judgment 



iciently aci|uired, and raise up against themselves 



•eju4ice3 supported by the sanction of time ; a 



juHict of opinion may then arise, during which 



iimau judgment will loug combat with natural 



icts ; and truth, on whichever side it may be 



)und, will sometimes be slow to triumph. 



It is, gentlemen, a spectacle of this kind that a 



\ilful cultivator presents before you to-day ; one 



'ho some years since, established himself near 



aris, upou an indifferent and forbidding soil, and 



estitute of water. It might be said that this 



Ddividual had only wished to gain a foothold upon 



mr territory ; that calculating in advance, but little 



rem tl'e profits of the plough, he sought only a 



mall spot upon which he might realize the trea- 



ure which then existed only in his mind. 



That treasure which M. Beauvais now exhibits 

 efore you, was at first, in fact, but an abstract 

 iea, which he would have presented in this form : 

 To establish his own fortune, and the advance- 

 ment of the public good, by a truly profitable 

 method of management of the culture of silk in 

 be centre and the north of France." 



After long experiments, he believes, at last, to 

 lave caused to spring up from his arid soil, a new 

 source of public and private wealth, and far from 

 .vishing to keep the enjoyment of it exclusively to 

 limself, be invites us all to draw from the same 

 source, which Would be inexhaustible, in fact, if 

 his zeal for the public good has not greatly led 

 him astray. 



M. Beauvais belongs to the South ; it was easy 

 for him to have fixed his establishment there, and 

 to have conducted it upon the principles which 

 were already familiar to him ; he was aware of 

 the efforts which had been vainly attempted in 

 preceding ages to cultivate silk worms in the 

 North. Everything attracted him to one side — 

 everything repelled him from the other ; but he 

 said to himself: " Every branch of industry is on 

 the advance. Why should that of the culture of 

 silk remain forever nearly in the state it was when 

 it passed from Italy into France? The sciences 

 of natural philosophy and chemistry, whose recent 

 discoveries may be considered as new, anil of 

 which it may invoke the aid, hardly then existed 

 for the cultivator of the field. Must then this 

 branch of industry remain' irrevocably confined to 



its anciiMit craiUo .' Its losses, wiiirh have liceu 

 sometimes so discouraguig, ought they to be rather 

 attributed to the constitutio* of the precious insect 

 which is the basis of it, than to the impurity of 

 the places in which it is confined, and to the 

 variations of the atmosphere which press so 

 heavily on a life at once so full and so short? 

 They will not be attributed to the North, 'whore 

 at the present time the raising of silk wortns is 

 not pursued, when they so cruelly afilict that 

 happy climate of the South, reputed to be exclu- 

 sively propitious to thom. Wherever the mul- 

 berry grows and jirospers, the worm which spins 

 its leaf must be able to grow and jirosper also. 

 Let us not always despise the providential relations 

 of beings! Why could I not create, under the 

 shelter where that worm accomplishes his destiny, 

 an isolated climate free from all local influence? 

 I could even more easily guard it against the less 

 pernicious' effects of the North, than against the 

 capricious temperatures of the South. But what 

 do 1 say ? it will no longer be a question of North 

 or South ; for 1 already see tliat it will be possible 

 so to control aud to combine in their narrow asy- 

 hnn fire and water, those two promoters of all 

 organic action, and to imitate for them even those 

 winds which sustain abroad the salubrity of the 

 air, and dissipate afar the deleterious miasma." 



I have put these words into the mouth of M. 

 Beauvais, not, g-entlemen, to add a value to his 

 cause here, but because they in fact express what 

 deep and intense thought has presided in his es- 

 tablishment, and recapitulate the princi])les upon 

 which all his labors have been based. It has been 

 at his own expense, at his own risk, that during 

 nearly seven years, under the influence of his own 

 convictions he has put these principles into prac- 

 tice, with constantly increasing results, without 

 permitting himself to be discouraged by some mis- 

 takes which he has candidly acknowledged, and 

 without being intimidated by the uneasiness of his 

 friends, and by the doubts which he saw arise, 

 like clouds, ready to obscure the brilliancy of his 

 first successes, and i)erhaps to annihilate his most 

 cherished hopes. 



It would be superfluous to enter here into the 

 general dettuils of culture or of agricultural opera- 

 tions, which every friend of agriculture is admit- 

 ted, is invited, to observe in the establishment of 

 the Bergeries. They have been elsewhere de- 

 scribed, and that is not the question before us ; it 

 is sufficient for nie to say that 67,000 mulberry 

 trees o'f the best sorts and the finest vegetation, 

 among which are seen a great number of the 

 Moms mullicaiilis, on which M. Beauvais princi- 

 pally founds his hopes for second annual crops, 

 which he proposes to undertake, cover there, in 

 nurseries and distinct plantations, 16 hectares and 

 a half of ground, (about 41 acres.) 



Tlie establishment, so far as it has advanced, 

 will be able to produce annually, with as little de- 

 lay as the condition of its young trees will admit, 

 150 ounces of seed. During the five last years, the 

 medium product of an ounce in the establishments 

 of the South, has not exceeded 50 to 56 pounds of 

 cocoons, that is to say about 10,000 worms only out 

 of 42,000 which tlie ounce contains, have arrived 

 at that last period, which connects a simple worm 

 with the enjoyments of refined civilization ; whilst 

 the first year's process of M. Beauvais, gave him 

 67 pounds of cocoons to the ounce of seed ; he 

 has been constantly in jirogress during the years 

 1830, 1831, 1832 and 1833 ; in 1834, he obtained 



104 pomiils. All lliu.se facts are gem-rally known ; 

 the results of his last year's procress was 137 

 pounds — in this, 8 ounces of seed were emi)loyed ; 

 it was made under a temperature of 18 to 20 ilcg. 

 of heat by the themometre of Reaumur; (73 to 77 

 del. of Fahrenheit;) it occu|iied thirtyseven days, 

 and consumed 16,830 pounds, (8,415 kilogr.) of 

 leaves, not pealed, taken from mulberry trees, the 

 one half of which were grafted the other wild ; it 

 prodiuod 1,101 pounds and three quarters (551 

 kilogi-.) of cocoons of the finest quality, large, firm 

 and of an admirable whiteness. It does not ap- 

 pear that a similar result has been previously else- 

 where obtained in any other large establishments, 

 nevertheless, M. Beauvais is the first to inform us 

 that one of his pupils, M. Heiui Bourdon, recently 

 from the polytechnic school, aud a proprietor at 

 Ris, has just finisjjed an experimental process, of 

 which the product was in the ratio of 170 pounds 

 of cocoons to the ounce of seed. 

 |.To be concluded.J 



Potato Balls. — A lady of our acquaintance 

 recommends the following preparation : Mix mash- 

 ed potatoes with the yolk of an egg — roll them 

 into balls — flour them or egg and bread crumb 

 them and fry them in clear drippings, or lard, or 

 brown them in a Dutch oven. — Yeomaii's Gazette. 



Important to the Ladies — A letter from an 

 Atnerican lady in England says, that during her 

 stay of some mouths; she had not yet seen a lady 

 with earrings ! and this is the very centre of 

 fashion — London I 



New York Cattle Market, April 4 At market 



600 Beef Cattle, 500 Sheep: demand for Beef 

 fair and prices about the same as last week, near- 

 ly all taken at 7 1-2 to 12 1-2, average $9 1-2 the 

 100 lbs. Sheep — in good demand, 300 sold at 

 3 1-2 to 5 1-2.— JoMr of Com. 



Eariy Frugalitv. — In early childhood yoii 

 lay the foundation of poverty or riches, in the 

 habits you give your children. Teach them to 

 save everything ; — not for their own use, for that 

 would make them selfish — but for some use. — 

 Teach them to share everything with their play- 

 mates ; but never allow them to destroy anything. 

 I once visited a family where the most exact 

 economy was observed ; yet nothing was mean or 

 uncomfortable. It is the character of true econ- 

 omy to be as comfortable with a little, as others 

 are with much. In this family, when the father 

 brought home a package, the older children would, 

 of their own accord, put away the paper and twine 

 neatly, instead of throwing them in the fire, or 

 tearing them to pieces. If the little ones wanted 

 a piece of twine to spin a top there it was in 

 readiness, and when they threw it upon the floor, 

 the older children had no need to be told to put 

 it again in its place. 



Gold Coinage. — The select committee in the 

 House of Representatives have reported in favor 

 of coining gold pieces of the value of one, two and 

 three dollars. 



Better than a Gold Mi^e. — The Exchange 

 in New Orleans will be built of Granite, obtained 

 at the quarries in Quincy, near Boston. Beyond 

 all mines of silver and gold is the Quincy quarry. 



