396 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



JUNE S3, 1836. 



Mr Hale The following account of the income 1 the fami is given, in the pioihice, on the credit in the fields, in woods, in the crevices of rocks, 



and expenditure of a fanner, in England, in 1835, side ; that is, all that the farm | .reduces, and not and had plants sent to him from abroad! He 

 may be worthy the attention of some of your read- the amount sold after the living of Mr T , the ] would talk for hours on the subject, and was in 



ers, as it shows a state of dejjression, in the agri- 

 cultural interest of England, v.'hich bears a strong 

 contrast with the present success of every kind of 

 manufacturing industry in lliat kingdouj. 

 Account of income and expenditure on a farm in 

 Suflx)lk, in the parish of Dalinghoo. The farm 

 consists of 110 acres, of which 20 are pasture — 

 22 1-2 kept in wheat — 22 1-2 barley — 11 1-4 

 clover — 11 1-4 beans and peas, and 22 1-2 fal- 

 low. Stock, 6 cows, 8 oxen, 5 horses, and 20 

 sheep. 



I^•COHE. 



Pasture, keeping cows which yield in 



butter and cheese in summer, 

 '' keeping sheep which yield in wool 



and lambs, 

 Wheat fields 22 1-2 acres, 628 bushels, 



at 5s a bushel. 

 Barley fields 22 1-2 acres, 90(i bushels, 



at 3s a bushel. 

 Clover fields 11 1-4 acres, keeping cows 



which yield in butter, «Sic. in winter, 

 " " Horses which do work of land, 



income 

 Beans and peas 11 1-4 acres, produce 



goes to horses and seed, 

 Fallow land 22 1-2 acres, turnips, fed 



by sheep, 

 Pigs and Poultry give an income of 

 Oxen improve £l each in growth 



and fat, 

 Apples and small fruit, 



Whole income, 



EXPENDITURE. 



Rent ^150 



Labor, ^ men constantly, at <£30 a year 

 each, 

 " 1 boy " 15 " 



" 1 man extra at harvest 5 5 

 " 6 or 8 women and children at 

 weeding corn and making hay, 

 women at 6d and children at 4il 

 a day, 

 (All the laborers feed themselves.) 

 Rates — Poor rates, £i'2 



Surveyors, 4 



Church, 5 5 



Tythea, 31 



lessee, and his family, is taken out. The lessee full correspondence with the learned of Europe ! 



He knew of the difference, to be sure, but he in- 

 sisted that nature regulated all this matter and 

 never left any thing to chance. 



We frequently hear of beds which blossom free- 

 ly and yet never bear fruit; ignorant people at- 

 tribute the failure to frost, to a too rich or a too 

 poor soil ; and in facta hundred reasons are given 

 for the loss of frutt. "My soil is not suited to 

 strawberries," said a gentleman one day to Dr 

 Bentley, "and I am compelled very reluctantly to 

 give up the pleasure of raising them. I have tried- 

 various positions for their location, and have made 

 experiments with diflTerent kinds of manure, to no 

 purpose. I have tried to raise them on rich san- 

 dy loam and on poor land, but if I get a crop one 

 season, tliey disappear in the second. Nay, so un. 

 suited is my soil to their nature, that those run- 

 ners which crept under a fence into a rich border 

 of my garden, from a neighbor's lied, which always 

 bore abundantly, never even made a show of fruit- 



then sustains a loss of £132 14 1 a year, besides 

 the support of his ^imily. On the debit side no 

 charge is made for the services of Mr T — him- 

 self, wife or sons, in superintending or working 

 the farm. One son is employed in this all his 

 time, and another occasionally. Mr T. is a steady 

 and judicious man, and well acquainted with farm- 

 ing. He possesses some property ami contrives 

 to make up his losses In farming by the business 

 of a d rover. 



The above rent, viz. ,£150 for 110 acres, is £l 

 36 an acre, which gives a value of ,£27 an acre, 

 at 5 per cent, or £45 an acre at 3 per cent. The 

 owner of the land receives the £130 cl.-;ar per an- 

 num. Now if we take 3 per cent stock at par. 

 this income is equal to that which would he re- 

 ceived from £4300 purchase in stock ; while the 

 tenant lo.ses £132 14 6 a year, besides the time 

 spent by himself and family in the management 

 of the farm, for which he receives no equivalent, 



except the use of the house, which is worth £35 a ing. You can look at them now, they are not 



year. I give the above facts without comment, 

 leaving it for others to account for the subversion 

 of the old i-elations of prices which they indicate. 

 — Bost. Pat. 



Oil cakes for feed of bullocks, 5000 lb. 



at £4 

 Manure purchased, 57 tons, at 3s6d a 



ton, 

 Tradesmen's bills for ploughs, wagons, 



gates, harnesses and various repairs, 

 Seed wheat, 22 1-2 acres, 3 bushels an 



acre, 

 " barley, 22 1-2 " 3 " an 



acre, 

 Capital in stock for farm and in uten- 

 sils neecssary to carry it on £1000 — 



interest 5 per cent, 



15 



- 72 

 20 

 9 9 6 

 50 

 16 11 6 

 10 2 6 



50 



Whole expenditure, £533 14 6 



Income £401 



Balance, 132 14 6 



533 14 6 



In the foregoing account the whole income of 



We copy some interesting suggestions to-day 

 on the cultivation of Strawberries from the essay 

 of an English gentleman in this country. — J\/'ew- 

 ark Daily Mv. 

 STRAWBEnRIES— BARREN AND BEARING. 



This fruit is certainly quite as fine here, as in 

 Enn-land. We have the real Hautbois — that 

 Queen among strawberries — of which v,;ry few 

 people in this country have eaten, for the fruit 

 which is so called by many gardeners, is not the 

 true Hautbois, although it be a little like it in per- 

 fume. What is in general thought to be Haut- 

 bois is nothing more than the Alpine, a small light 

 red strawberry, which falls from the stem as easi- 

 ly as the raspberry does ; the real Hautbois, how- 

 ever, does not ripen well in the upper part of the 

 slate of New York. 



Independently of the slight apprcach to the per- 

 fume ofthe Hautbois, the Al|iine plant resembles 

 it in the shape and peculiarity of leaf, which is 

 deep green, glossy and crimped. In fact, the 

 leaves of both are exactly alike excepting in size 

 thetruellautbois being twice as large as the Al- 

 pine. The flowers ofthe latter are very different, 

 the male and female flowers are on separate plants. 

 The female blossoms can easily be distinguished 

 from the others ; the former appeared like a green 

 turf, witli small yellow dots around the base of 

 the circumference. The male flowers are studded 

 with stamens, about a third of an inch long, hav- 

 ing little yellow heads filled with the farina. 



The fact is so settled and certain, respecting the 

 sexes of plants, that it is almost absurd to enter 

 into any argument about it ; yet so much igno- 

 rance and carelessness prevail among the cultiva- 

 tors of strawberries, that the knowledge which 

 men of science have obtained is of no avail. I 

 once heard a gentleman say that his strawberry 

 plants always bore fruit and that no care was taken 

 to observe the due proportion of barren and bear- 

 ing blossoms ! This person was a botanist — a 

 closet botanist — one who used to pickup flowers 



quite out of blossom. 



Dr Bentley examined the plants — they were 

 all males. He then went to the neighbor's gar- 

 den, and saw there, likewise, that there were very 

 few bearing plants. "You will not have many 

 .strawberries this year," said the Doctor to the gar- 

 dener. 



" Oh ! you are mistaken," said the latter, 

 "There was the greatest show of blossoms I 

 ever saw, and there has been no frost to hurt 

 them." 



<i VVell — take my word for it, my friend," said 

 the Doctor, that this bed will not give you six 

 quarts of strawbeuiies this year, and if you do not 

 weed out all the plants that bear these blossoms " 

 — pulling up some male blossoms — " and fill in 

 the vacancies with plants of tliiskind" — shewing 

 him the female blossom — "you will have no fruit 

 at all next summer." 



The man sneered at the Doctor — he had but 

 few strawberries, as was predicted, and the next 

 sununer, about the time that he expected the fruit 

 to set, not seeing any, he dug up the bed and 

 made a new one ! 



A strawberry bed never will fail in any kind of 

 soil, if the proportion of bearing and nnbearing 

 plants be as one ofthe latter to ten ofthe former. 

 Excess of rain or drought, cold or heat, may in- 

 jure the size and flavor ofthe berries, but straw- 

 berries there will be great numbers, if not of good 

 quality. 



You may recollect when school boys, that for 

 two successive years wo had no strawberries in 

 what we called our own little garden. We 

 thought we ha<l "killed them with kindness," as 

 we were constantly working among them and 

 keeping them free from weeds. 'I'he plants grew 

 well and blossomed well, but they did not re- 

 ward our care, for they gave tis no fruit. I now 

 know that all the plants must have been of one 

 kind. 



Mr Thorn sent to a gentleman in Burlington 

 for some plants of the Higbee strawberry. '1 hey 

 arrived in good order after a fine August rain of 

 two days, and the next May they were all in flow- 

 er — but there was not a female plant among them. 

 Two or three runners had been set apart by them- 

 selves to give runners for a new bed : from these 



