vol,. XIV. NO. 53 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



413 



if not aHiouiiting to contempt, 1 perceive, by tlie 

 very last aniviil from London, has at last awHken- 

 cil from licr stupor, ami a company was aliont bc- 

 inpr organized, under the name of the United 

 Kingdom Beet Root Sugar Association, vvilli a 

 capital of 1,000,000 of dollars. 



Mr Isnard having first aided in introducing the 

 mauufacture of sugar from the beet, in F' ranee, 

 and having kept himself constantly informed of the 

 various improvements which have been made 

 since, may well be confided in, as an able pioneer, 

 for his industry in the United States. 



In Philadelphia, efiorts are being made, by a 

 company, to commence the culture of tlie beet 

 and to manufacturo sugar in Pennsylvania. An 

 agent has beeii sent to France to collect informa- 

 tion, and from the measures which arc in train 

 there is every prospect of a favorable result. 



Erorn your long and meritorious services, as an 

 officer of the Mass. Agricultural Society, and 

 your known patriotic disposition to advance the 

 best interest of your country, by all the possible 

 means vvithin your power, I ain fully persuaded, 

 that this very interesting subject will receive from 

 you and your liighly respectable and ])ublic spir- 

 ited associates, all that consideration, countenance 

 and encouragement, which it appears so preemi- 

 nently to merit. 



With sentiments of the highest respect, 

 Your inost ob't serv't, 



H. A. S. DEARBORN. 



A friend who is conversant with the cultivation 

 of the Beet Root in France, has furnished u,s 

 with the following interesting outlines. — JVorth- 

 ampton Cour. 



" Of the seven varieties of the Beet Root usu- 

 ally cultivated, the White (Beta alba) is preferred 

 by the experienced manufacturer, as it is found to 

 contain a larger proportion of the saccharine mat- 

 ter to a given weight of the root, than any of the 

 others. — Though this plant will grow in almost 

 any soil, it prefers a deep loose loam, in which its 

 long and tender fibres may penetrate and the root 

 develope itself without obstacle. — It follows that 

 a stiff compact soil should be avoided, and still 

 more a low damp situation, where the root be- 

 comes so impregnated with aqueous parts, th&t the 

 difficulty and expense of separating these would 

 in most cases be far from remunerated by the pro- 

 duce. In high ground the beet succeeds well, if 

 the season is not too dry and in these situations 

 (eeteris paribus) is more productive in sugar than 

 elsewhere. 



As to climate, a northern latitude is found to 

 suit this plant best, the north of Germany, Prus- 

 sia and Silesia, the countries where this new jap- 

 plication of it was first made, are more favorable 

 to it than even the northern department of France, 

 as experiment has amply established, and the trial 

 of it in the South of France has constantly failed, 

 though it vvas at first supposed that this root, fa- 

 vored by the genial sun of that climate, would, as 

 well as its other pr iductions, contain a larger pro- 

 portion of the saccharine principle than those of 

 colder countries. — 'I his hypothesis, founded on 

 a mistaken analogy supposed to exist between 

 plants growing above and below the soil, proved 

 as might have been expected, completely falla- 

 cious, and the culture there is now given up. 



The results of divers authentic accounts of the 

 culture and manufacture of the beet root into su- 



gar, and various circumstances of soil, and the 

 management and where all the elements for es- 

 tablishing a true estimate are united, clearly de- 

 monstrate. 



1st, That other things equal, the largest manu- 

 factories are the most [irofitable. 



2nd, That the brown sugar made at a sni.-dl es- 

 tablishment, will not, however, cost the manufac- 

 turers more than six and a half cents i)er jiound, 

 anil (hat the same sugar made at a manufactory 

 four times as large, will not cost over five cents 

 and a fraction. That independent of the product 

 in sugar, the residue of the beet or pulp, the sac- 

 charine extracted, is still valuable as food for cat- 

 tle and amounts to a fourth of the weight of the 

 beets employed. The fact first to be ascertained 

 is, at what piiee the farmer can supply the root 

 cut in this country, when cultivated on a large 

 .scale. 



The expense of manufacture is in most of its 

 items higher in France than it would be here ; la- 

 bor excepted ; wood, which js a very important 

 one, costs there from four to five dollars a cord, 

 here we could get it of the quality we should re- 

 quire for less than half this cost ; and water pow- 

 er for working and rasping is so difficult to be 

 had in some parts of France, that there are very 

 few of the manufacturers who are able to employ 

 any other than manual and animal labor, at a 

 greatly increased exfiense. The combustible mate- 

 rial in France is e'pial to the whole amount of 

 wages ]iaid to the hands employed, including the 

 operation of refining the sugar. Ail things con- 

 sidered, I repeat that, I am persuaded this ap))li- 

 cation of the beet root is destined at no very dis- 

 tant period, to ofler a new and productive source 

 of riches to our industrious and ijigenious New- 

 Englanders, and amongst its other benefits, will 

 render us independent of slave labor for one of 

 the most important aiticles of consumption. 



The idea of producing sugar in France in com- 

 petition with the colonies, was for years treated 

 as visionary and absurd, and by none more tlian by 

 the West India Planters themselves, who'arenow 

 compelled to call on the Government for a pro- 

 tecting tax on the indigenous sugar." 



TnE PuoiPECT. — As a small set-off to the 

 gloomy accounts we receive of the extensive fail- 

 ure of the wheat crops, we are happy to be able 

 to state, that in all the region of country the late 

 rains have had the effect of clothing the fields 

 and meadows with abundant crops of grass, both 

 for hay and i)asture. Should Farmers be suc- 

 cessful in curing and gathering their hay, it is be- 

 lieved the supply will be very ample. Oats and 

 flax have also received a fine start, and look prom- 

 ising. We Iiave also seen, within a few days, 

 some fields of wheat and rye which are much 

 more encouraging than they were a few weeks 

 ago, and give promise of a tolerable yield. — Hun- 

 terdon JV. J. Gaz. 



Some fine cattle of the Durham breed, one bull 

 and two heifers, of a first rate pedigree, aird beau- 

 tiful appearance — two years old — have arrived 

 at Alexandria, in the ship Maryland, Barrett, from 

 Liverpool, 'i hey were imported from England 

 by Mr. H. Dangerfield of that place. 



Pkaches. — A gentleman in Shrewsbury, New 

 Jersey, will, it is said, realize by his peach crop 

 from $10 to 12,000. 



March of Maciiinf.hv. — The hewers of stone 

 will doubtless be delighted'to hear that their la- 

 bors are nearly at an end ; and that very ^shortly 

 they will be at liberty either to "sit twiddling their 

 thumbs," or to learn sonje other trade, as they may 

 hereafter determine: for, according to the last 

 number of the Mechanics' Magazine, a machine 

 has been invented by one; Mr James Hunter, su- 

 perintendent of the Leysmill quarries, near Ar- 

 broath, which will entirely supersede the mason's 

 hand mallet and chisel, and leave all hand labor, 

 in ])oint of econnniy and despatch, at an imineas- 

 ureable distance. Mr Hunter calls the machine a 

 Power Slone-Planing ftlachine, and we are told' 

 that it is so ingeniously and judiciously contrived, 

 that it will reduce and polish more blocks of 

 rough stone in thirty minutes, at a cost of one 

 shilling and sixpence, than a good mason could 

 reduce and polish in five days and a half at a cost 

 of fifteen shillings and ninepence ; and the ma-. 

 chine, moreover, will do the work in a far more 

 workmanlike manner than the man. — British 

 Review. 



Rice Family Bread. — The following letter 

 from a lady, will teach the housewives of our 

 country how to add to the comfort of home : — " I 

 have been trying experiment with rice flour, and 

 I have produced a bread that is nnrivalled, far su- 

 perior to the receipts you have. Since I got it 

 perfect, I have sent some samples to every one I 

 could think of It is the liest bread I ever tasted, 

 and I don't think it more expensive than wheat 

 bread, for the rice flour goes so much farther than 

 the same weight of flour. I make it thus: one 

 qnart of rice flour made into a stiff pap by wetting 

 it with warm water, not so hot as to make it lump; 

 when well wet, add boiling water, as much as 

 two or three quarts; stir it continually until it 

 boils ; then add one pint of njilk ; when cool 

 enough to avoid scalding the yeast, add half a pint 

 of good yeast, and as much wheat flour as will 

 make it of a proper consistency for bread ; put it 

 to rise ; when sufficiently risen, it will be neces- 

 sary to add a little more wheat flour. If baked 

 toosoft^the loaves will be hollow. The first I 

 baked were mere shells. If you can abbreviate 

 the receipt for use, you may ; but if you do not 

 give all this hiforination, peojjle will not succeed 

 in making it good. The same mixture, rather 

 thinner, baked in muffin rings, makes the best 

 muffins 1 ever tasted. I forgot to say the bread 

 must stand half an hour or more in a warm place, 

 after it is put in the baking pans, and it will rise 

 again almost as much as it did at first." — Con- 

 cord Freeman. 



Writing on the Green Lawn in Living Let- 

 ters. — Bone dust possesses highly nutritious 

 qualities for rows of beans, peas, and for grass, 

 wheat, barley, &c., owing to its quality for ab- 

 sorbing humidity and its calcareous character. 

 Some of the lawns on estates in Yorkshire, have 

 the names of their owners written on them in a 

 "rowth of more luxuriant grass which is effected 

 by drilling bone dust into the track of the letters. 



Cotton for Tooth-ache. — Among the best 

 remedies for tooth-ache and swollen face, is cot- 

 ion ; put as much into the mouth as can conveni- 

 ently be kept in, and in a few hours the pain will 

 be gone. — Mass. Spy. 



