NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



July 23, 1 



caiiseil by tljB work of an insect. — Thai Im^fs or 

 iii3i;i!ts iiiay iin I do suinftiinivs work in tliu liiiilis 

 of tliK [ii-ar trei-s liu does nut dnuUt, liiit Ins is 

 equally firm in tlio beliofj lliat lliero is ii disease 

 often affecling the pear tree, eximial indications 

 of wliirli lire similar to those exhibited on limbs 

 of that tree girdled by Img.s or iiisecl!-', wliicli ori- 

 ginates from an entirely different canse. 



AGRICOLA. 



Remrtrhs b'j the Eiilor of Ike JV. E. Farmer.— U 

 has been said to be Miiphilosophii-al to suppose 

 more than one cau.sp to an effect ; and as blight 

 in pear trees is an effect sometimes produced by 

 nu insect called Sculylus p'jri, tlierel<)re we should 

 be satisfieil wilh that cause fur blight, anil aliribiite 

 CVtrt] blight vvhieh ever affects pear trees to that 

 insect. IJut we might as well say that a defective 

 tooth was cause sitfficient to account for the effect 

 in the human body yideped piiin, and whenever the 

 latter existed we might take it for granted that a 

 tootli extractor was ilie proper application. 



Jilight is a withering or blasting of substances 

 belonging to the vegetable kingdom while in a 

 state of growth. Whatever causes siirh wither- 

 ing or blasting is tlie cause of blight. The blight 

 meiitionrd above by ^ Jlgricolu' is probably what 

 is called by writers fire liliglit. Tlie bl'glil in the 

 li-nb of a prtar tree, sent us by Dr Fiske was, no 

 doubt, cansed by scoh/tiis pyri, ami is as different 

 froni_^re blight as gout fnnn yellow fevifr. 



Dr Coxe says, ' That .species of blight which 

 is sometimes called the fire blight, frequi-ntly de- 

 Ptroy.s trees in tin; fullest apparent liealth, in a few 

 horns, turning the leaves suddenly brown, as if 

 they bad passed through a hot flame, and i ansing 

 n morbid matter to exude from the pores of the 

 l)ark, of a bla<k, f rriiginons appearance ; this 

 Iiappens through the whole eourso of the warm 

 season, more frequently in weather both hot and 

 moist, affording reason to lielieve that it arises 

 from rays of the sun operating on the vapor, or 

 clouds tloailug in the atmosphere, eithf r by con- 

 centration or redcetion. It gi^nerally, though not 

 always, is perceiveil most in confiiu^d places: 

 certain kinils, and parti.Milarly that most exqinsite 

 of our winter pi'ars, the St Germain, seems pecu- 

 liary liable to this species of blight. I have in 

 twenty years lost upwards of fifty trees in the 

 /ullness of vigor, .sometimes in the most open 

 niry situations, and in every kiiiil of soil. From 

 repealed observation of the kiiuls nio.st liable to 

 this malady, 1 hi've been led to believe, that it is 

 somewhat connected with a principle which ap- 

 juars to be considered as a soiinrl one by the most 

 judicious European writers, when treating of ap- 

 jde trees, that is, the long duration of the variety. 

 It is certain, that natural trees, cnuliiiually .«pring- 

 iiig np from seed, are sehlom altackeil by this dis- 

 ease ; and the SiM'kle pear, generally supposed to 

 be a new variety, is but little affected by it — of 

 fifty bearing trees of this kind, of various ages, I 

 have not lost one entire tree from this cause — this 

 year, for the first time, 1 have perceived the limbs 

 of soiTie of them partially affected, and in some 

 instances siiveral large branches have been de- 

 Btroyed. From the great vigor and rapidity of 

 vegetation in America, pear trees, if nuich prnneil, 

 ar« r.pl to grow too fist; this .'ippoiirs to render 

 them more liable to the effect of the fiie blight 

 than otherwise tliey wonlil be — I have thercfiire 

 changed my mode of trijirning tlie-n tmder this 

 inipressio'i, eonfmiiig it very much to sin-kering, 

 and nurely foruiing the tree — our heat and dry- 



ness, do not require the growth to be so open as 

 :n F.nrope, 



Miller's Gardener's Dictiontiry says, 'There is 

 a sort of blight, which is often desirm-tive to or- 

 chards and open plantations, against which we 

 know not a remedy. This is called a fire blast, 

 which in a ti^v/ bonis has not only destroyed the 

 i'ruii and leaves, but many times parts of trees, 

 and sometimes entire trees have been kille.l by it. 



'This is supposed to have been ellected by vol- 

 umes of transparent Hying vapors, which among 

 the many forms they revolve into, may some- 

 times approach so near to a hemisphere or liemi- 

 cylinder, either in their upper or lower surfaces, 

 as thereby to make the beams of the sun converge 

 enough to scorch plants or trees they fall upon, in 

 proportion to the greater or less coiivergency of 

 the sun's rayr. 



'Against this enemy to our fruits there isno 

 guard to our trees, nor any remedy to cine it: but 

 as this more frequently happens in close planta- 

 tions (where the stagnating vapors from the earth, 

 and the plentiful perspirations (rom the trees are 

 pent in for want of a free air to dissipate and expel 

 them; which arc often observed in still weather 

 to ascend in so plentiful a manner, as to be 

 seen by the naked eye, but especially' by refliMting 

 telescopes, .so as lo make a clear and distinct ob- 

 ject become ilini and tremulous) than in those 

 which are planted at a greater distance, or are 

 notsiiiToimded with bills or woods; this directs us, 

 in the first planting of kitchen gardens and or- 

 chards, &c, that we should allow a sreater dis- 

 tance between the trees, and to make choice of 

 clear healthy situations, that the air may freely 

 pass between the trees to di.ssii)ale tho.se va|»ors 

 before they are firmed into volumes, whereby the 

 circumambient air will be clear, and less subject 

 to injuries ; as also that fruits produced in this 

 clearer air will be much better than those that 

 are snrrnnndcd with a thick rancid air ; for as 

 fruits are often in a respiring state, they conse- 

 quently, by imbibing a part of these vapors, are 

 rendered crude and ill tasted." 



Edinburgh Htview. — VVki.ls & Lilly h.-^vi 

 this day published No. 101 of the Ediiibur..'l 

 Ri-view, which contains elaborate articles on tlu 

 following subjects. 



Naval Tactics, Hreakingof the F.nemy's Line — 

 Sir James Turner's Life and Times ; ScotiisI 

 Covenanters— Public Schools of Kn.jland ; Eton — 

 .'\strononiie.il society of London; Recent History o 

 .Astronomical Science — Scottish Judicial Reforms; 

 Law of Scotland and England — Public Rejiistrv 

 in England— Duty on Coal ; Coal Trade— Mr 

 Robert Montgomery's Poems; and the modern 

 Practice of Piiflinir — Finance ; The Hiidfiet— Del- 

 avigne's Marino Faliero ; Anglo-Frenidi Drama — 

 r^ife and Correspondence of Sir Thomas Mniiro. 

 Quarterly List of NeW Publications.— Price $5 00 

 per aiimim. 



Gooseberries. —From Mr Samokl Walkkr, ( 

 Roxbiiry, fruit of five varieiits, (names not give, 

 consisting of small, medifini, and very large si/., n 

 The medium was preferred for eating. From Tl 

 N. SEflVhR, of Roxbiiry, five varieties, viz: Roui 

 iiig Lion, IJaiig-iip, Jolly .'Vn^'ler, and two, iianic 

 unknown ; ail which were of a large and fine ap 

 pea'ance. The first iiariied had the preference 

 eight of them weighed 4 oz. 4 drs., and one 1'. 

 (Iwts. Mr Seaver states his bushes are all yonii; 

 and smaU, being the first year of bearing and liavt 

 averaged one quart each. 



Honey. — From Rufus IIowe, from S. DowNEii't 

 Garden, one box filled with Honey, made tin 

 present sea.son, being the upper story ol' a Hive 

 U presented a most bcaiitilul and delicate ap,i3ar- 

 ai:ce ; weight, 15 lbs. Mr Howe ~.ites be com- 

 nieiiced this s|iriiig with ten hives, iriany of which 

 were in a weak state, from ivhiel) he now ha; 

 thirty ; he has taken from the iiives about .one 

 hundred and fifty pounds of new honey, and will 

 prob.ibly have as much more befiire ibe season is 

 past ; and that the, IJ^e Miller or Moth, which has 

 hecn so destructive to IJeesiu this vicinity appears 

 to have in a great measure ceal^ed its ravages. 



S. D. 



The Committee on Vegetables have awarded 

 the preiniuin for Early Potatoes to Mr Samuel 

 Pond, of Cambridge, and for Early Beets and 

 Early Cauliflowers to Mr Natha.mel Seaver, ol 

 Roxbury. 



Boston, July 21, 1S30. 



It Is now the seasmi when children, and others 

 who ought to know better, eat unripe fruit, and 

 cholera 'morbus and dysentery commence their 

 ravages. Jn the week cinruig lOtli inst., 30 per- 

 sons died in Philadelphia of these disorders. — 

 Boilerl milk, thickened with a little lloiir, is ill) 

 almost certein cure for ilyseiilery, in couiinon 

 cases. — Boston Patriot. 



MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



F R U I T8 . 



Foliir.lay, Juty 17, 18.10. 



Cherries. — From Mr Robert Man.mno, of Sa- 

 Icni, fruit of the Plum Stone Morello. This cher- 

 ry is of a large and fine ai>pearance and of good 

 fiavor of the kind. Mr Manning states that iliey 

 are good bearers; they are well descrilwd in 

 Prince's Treatise on Horticulture, p. 29. From 

 RuFDS HowK, from garden of S. Downkr, Dor- 

 chester, fruit of a French Cherry, (name lost) of 

 good appuaraoce but rather acid flavor. 



From a valuable little work cnlilleU ' Seventy five 

 Recipes.' 



SEASONABLE RECIPES. 



GOOSESeHRY PUDlll.NG. 



A pint of stewed goosebeirie.s, with all their 

 juice. 



A quarter of a pound of powdered sugar. 



Two ounces of fresh butter. 



Two ounces grated bread. 



Three eggs. 



Stew the gooseberries till quite soft. — When 

 they are cold, mash ilieiii fine with the back of a 

 sjioon, and stir into them one half of the sugar. 

 Take the remainder of the sugar, and stir it to a 

 cream with two oiini'es of butler. 



Beat the three eggs, and stir them into the but- 

 ter and sugar, in turn wilh the gooseberries, and 

 the grated bread. 



Lay piiff-pa.ete in a snup-platc. Putin the mix- 

 ture, and bake it half an hour. 



Do not •rrale sugar over it. 



Boston Puddins;. — Make a good common paste 

 with a pound and a half of flour, and three quar- 

 ters of a pound of butter. — When you roll it out 

 the last time, cut off the edges, till you get the 

 sheet of paste of an even square shape. 



Have ready some fiuii sweetened to your ta.ste. 

 If cranberries, gooseberries, drieil pi-ai ii?.s, onlain- 

 soiis, they should he stewed in vtry little water, 

 dr.iined, and seasoned with initnieg, rose water, 

 and lemon. If cnrr.iiits, raspberries, or black ber- 

 ries, they should be mashed with Eiigar, and ]a.t 

 into the pudding raw. 



