6-^ 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



Sept. 10, 1830. 



it must be here observed, that, tliough similar in 

 marks and color, the difference of form was most 

 strongly marked. I am respectfully yours, 



JOHN WELLES. 



In answer to this, Dr T. Wm. Harris, gives a 

 scientific description of the several peculiarities of 

 the animal ; and observes that Mr John Hunter 

 ( Observations on Jliiimal Economy ) says it appears 

 almost an established principle, that when a cow 

 brings forth twins, the one a bull and the other a 

 heifer, the latter is unfit for propagation, and ap- 

 pears on dissection, to be an hermaphrodite.' * * * 



' As far as I could determine, this heifer had the 

 external organs very small ; teats and udder dis- 

 tinct ; the former like those of an ox. The ex- 

 ternal characters appeared to be those of a fine 

 well formed heifer. She was very fat, the intes- 

 tines loaded with it.' 



Dr Hunter, in the treatise referred to above by 

 Dr Harris, gives scientific descriptions, illustrated 

 by cuts, of the appearances on dissection, of sev- 

 eral individuals of this kind of animal anomaly ; 

 and observes, that ' It is known that they, do not 

 breed ; they do not show the least inclination for 

 the male,nordoes he take the least notice of them. 

 They very much resemble the ox or spayed heifer. 

 From the singularity of the animal, and the ac- 

 count of its production, I was almost tempted to 

 suppose the whole a vulgar error. Yet by the 

 universality of the testimony in its favor, it appear- 

 ing to have some foundation, I eagerly sought 

 for an opportunity to sec and examine them. I 

 have succeeded in this inquiry and have found 

 several.' 



Although this jiroduction of nature, like other 

 monsters, is of rare occurrence, yet to the student 

 of nature's laws, the anomalies as well as tiie gen- 

 eral rules which govern the ojierations of Omnip- 

 otent Power, are interesting. Moreover, a knowl- 

 edge of facts of this kind, may lead to results of 

 practical utility, an<l enable us to direct the ten- 

 dency of animals and vegetables to increase and 

 multiply, into those channels which promise the 

 greatest benefit to mankind. 



Not only Dr Hunter, but othere, have been ex- 

 cited to inquiries on this subject ; and in the 

 marks made in this case, it seems Dr Mitchill has 

 described in some journal a like i)eculiarity. We 

 think that those who are desirous of further in- 

 formation on this subject, may consult this well 

 conducted journal of medical science to advantage. 

 The experiment is an expensive one, and our 

 farmers will not rear an animal which can be of 

 but little value, unless they wish to produce an- 

 other case for anatomical examination. 



There was a want of general knowledge on 

 this subject in our country, and many mistaken 

 notions were eutertaineil. A recurrence to the 

 Medical Journal may furnish whatever is sti 

 wanting to elucidate this subject, so far as it is 

 connected with the pursuits of the practical cuiti 

 vator. 



PERRY. 



This is a pleasant liquor, and is made from 

 pears, in the same manner that cider is from a 

 pies. The pears should, in general, be ripe before 

 they are ground. The pulp or pomace should 

 not remain long after grinding, but should be im- 

 mediately put into the press. The most ci'abbed 

 and worst eating ])ears are said to make the best 

 perry. The fruit may be either large or small. 

 The more austere the pears, the better will be the 



liquor generally. The Taunton Squash pear 

 (cultivated in Massachusetts) produces fruit that is 

 liclil in the highest estimation in England for per- 

 ry. .It is an early pear, remarkable for the tender- 

 ness of its flesh ; if it drops ripo from the tree, 

 t bursts from the fall ; whence probably its name. 

 The liquor made from it is pale, sweet, remarkably 

 clear, and of strong body, which produces a price 

 in Eiu'ope fourfold of common perry. After per- 

 ry is made, it should be managed in all respects 

 like cider; it must be racked off when moderately 

 clear; and must, if necessary be fined by isinglass. 

 Boiling is said by some to have a good effect on 

 perry, changing it from a white to a flame colored 

 liquor, which grows better by long kee|)ing and 

 bottling. Good perry can scarcely be distinguish- 

 ed from champaign wlue ; is much lighter, very 

 sparkling, lively, has a pleasanter taste ; and is ev- 

 ery way worthy of more attention, and of a more 

 extensive manufacture than it at present receives 

 in New England. 



The Baltimore American Farmer, which h.ns 

 been conducted for nearly twelve years with dis- 

 tinguished reputation and success by John S. 

 Skinner, Esq., has been transferred to Messrs I. 

 Irvine Hitchcock and Co., who have engaged Mr 

 Gideon B. Smith as its Editor, a gentleman emi- 

 nently well qualified to maintain its former reputa- 

 ion and usefulness. 



FALL SOWING OF SEEDS. 



Cabbages, Parstiips, Carrots, Spinach, and 

 Onions are sowed to the best advantage in the fall, 

 when it is desirable to get them early the next 

 season. Miller's Gardener's Dictionary says, ' to 

 cultivate parsnips, sow the seeds in autuvm, soon 

 after they are ripe ; by which means the seed will 

 come early the following spring, and let the plants 

 get strong before the weeds will grow so as to 

 injure them. The young plants never materially 

 suffer through the severity of the season.' 



FARMER'S ALMANAC. 



The New England Farmer's Almanac, for 1831, 

 by Thomas G. Fessenden, Editor of the New 

 England Farmer, is now in press, and will be 

 published by J. B. Russell, 52 North Market-street, 

 and Carter & Hendee, corner of School and 

 Washington-streets, in the course of next week. 

 This Almanac, it is thought, will be found to be 

 essentially improved in its usefulness and appear- 

 ance ; being printed in a very neat ujauner on new 

 tyjie, at the office of L R. Butts. The astronom- 

 ical ilepartment has undergone a complete revision, 

 l)y Robert TrEjVT Paine, Esq. the Editor of the 

 astronomical part of the American Almanac. The 

 tides are noticed with great precision — a large 

 drawing, containing two views of the great eclij)sc 

 of the sun, February 12, 1831 — a very full list of 

 national, and of state ofticers, in New England, and 

 of the provincial government in New Brunswick, 

 Canada, and Nova Scotia, is added : with a mem- 

 orandum of the most prominent events of the jiast 

 year — besides the usual agricultural matter for 

 farmers, calendar of courts, miscellaneous matter, 

 &c, &c, by the Editor of the New England Farmer. 



IMPORTANT EVENTS IN FRANCE. 



Paris Journals to the last of Augu.st have been 

 received in this country, and contain details of 

 proceedings of unparalleled interest, which cannot 

 fail to exile and agitate ' all people and all Gov- 

 ernmeuts.' In consequence of some Royal De- 



crees and Ordinances of the government af- 

 fecting the freedom of the Press, and anticipatecJ 

 and connneiiced attacks on the ofiicea of certain 

 opposition newspapers, the citizens of Paris as- 

 sembled in great numbers on the morning of the 

 27th of July. Collisions took ])lace between the 

 trooi)s of the j)olice aided by gens d^arnns and the 

 Parisians, and the former gave orders to fire on the 

 people. The population, beaded by scholars 

 of the military schools, attacked the Royal Guards 

 and the troops of the ijolice, and after a protract- 

 ed and sanguinary contest, obtained a complete 

 victory. The city hall, several military posts, the 

 Tuilleries, the Louvre, and other places, feebly de- 

 fended by the Swiss and other guards, and troops 

 of the lines were captured and surmounted by the 

 tri-colorcdjlag. The defeated party retreated to 

 St Cloud, where the King and Royal family had 

 retired. Some accounts state that the streets^ 

 were deluged with blood for many hours on two 

 days in succession, and that tlie killed amounted 

 to some thousands. 



While these events were occurring, at a 'meet- 

 ing of Free Frenchmen,' it was decreed that in 

 consequence of alleged violations of the preroga- 

 tives of the people, Charles Philip Capet, formerly 

 Count of Artois has ceased of right to be King of 

 France, &c. The Duke of Orleans is Lieutenant 

 General of the Kingdom, and La Fayette com- 

 inander of the National Guards. 



TIjese events are of deep, thrilling, and universal 

 interest ; and we are hapi)y to perceive in the el- 

 evation of La Fayette, and otiiermoderate and ju- 

 dicious measures, that we are justified in the anti- 

 cipation of the most auspicious results from tl 

 preliminary movements in the progress of ratii' 

 al freedom in France. 



MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIET'i 



Saturday, Septemljer 4, 183u 



FRUITS. 



Apples. — Summer Russet, by Mr E. M. Rich- 

 ards. Porter Apples and Grand Sachem, by Mr ' 

 WiNSHiP, of Brighton. Cream Apples — Lady' 

 Haley's Nonsuch, and Sweet Red Crab, from seed' 

 of the Siberian Crab, by Mr Manki.ng, of Salem. ' 

 Large Red Apples, very fine, no name, and Sibe- 

 rian Crab Apjiles, from Mr R. Howe. Large 

 Green Apples, called in Hingham, ' King Apples,'" 

 by Henry Gushing, Esq. of Hingham. English ' 

 Codlin and Paris Pi|)pin, by Mr James Read.' 

 Kenrick Apples, a seedling from the farm of J. 

 Kekrick. 



Pears. — Andrews Pears from Mr R. Howe. A 

 French Pear, (name unknown,) by Mr R. 3Ian- 

 NiNG. White Doyenne, or Cox's Julianne, by Mr 

 B. Weld, of Roxbury. Chelmsford, Tyngsboro, ' 

 or Summer Mogul, of great size, but otherwise ol" 

 ordinary quality, by Mr E. T. Andrews. 



Peaches. — A fine Seedling Peach, from Z. Cook, 

 Jr. Jaques Peach, Noblesse, and two varieties of 

 seedlings, all very fine, from Mr James Read. 

 Fine si)ecimens of this fruit from Mr Winship, of' 

 Brighton. A rich Seedling Peach, of handsome 

 appearance, by Dr S. A. SHbRTLEpr. Monsieur 

 Jean, (Cox, No. 3) an excellent peach froiri Mr R, 

 Ma.nning, of Salem. Two seedliug varieties of- 

 good quality, from Mr E. 31. Richards. Grosse 

 Mignoime, of tmcoinmonly tine appearance aiid i 

 rich flavor, by Mr Elijah Vose. 



Plums. — By Mr R. Manning, of Salem, 4 sorts,; 

 not named. Canada Plums, the American Red or 

 American Yellow, of Prince's Catalegue, Early ' 

 Coral or Golden Droj), of Bloodgood's Catalogue, 



