106 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



Ort. 22, 183a. 



Prince, 4 years old, got in England, by Fitz 

 Favorite, out of Princess ; was purchased by David 

 Austin, Esq. for $210. Destination, his farm, at 

 Throggs Neck. 



Several Cows, sold at $250, each. The stock 

 will be very much scattered. One fine Bull was 

 purchased by Benjamin Poor, Esq. which will be 

 sent to Indian Hill Farm, near Newburyport. Dr 

 Ilosack, purchased for his Farm, at Hyde Park ; 

 and on the whole the sale may be said to have 

 gone off well, and satisfied buyers, and sellers, 

 The best Leicester sheep sold at an average of $95 

 each. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



MrFessenden. — I have made several extracts from 

 the June number of the Annales D'Horticulture, which 

 has been recently received, on Manures, the Chinese 

 Mulberry, a Hindoo mode of grafting, and the use of salt 

 tor accelerating vegetation, which please to insert in the 

 New England Farmer. 



With great esteem, 



Your most obedient servant. 



H, A. S. DEARBORN. 

 Brinley PInce, Roxbury, I 

 October 15, ISaO. j 



EXTRACT NO. XXI. 



' From the Annales do la Societe D'Horticulture De Paris. 

 Eiiracl of a report on Manures, mndt by M. 

 Payen. 

 Four different things are often confounded un- 

 der the na:ne of manures, which it is important 

 to distinguish. 



1st. The debris of organic matter, or of veg- 

 etables and animals, to wliich alone this denomi- 

 nation belongs, and amoig tliese, the more azotic 

 the matter, the greater is the beneficial effect of 

 the manure in the nourishment of plants; thus 

 we should place in the first rank muscular Jlesh, 

 blood, horn, and gelatine. All these substances, 

 dried and pulverised, act more or less promptly, 

 according to their degree of changability, un- 

 der the diverse influences of the atmosphere. 



2J. The soluble salts, are only excitants of the 

 vegetable energies, and do not contribute to their 

 organization, pro])erly so called ; their actual 

 value, as applicable to agriculture, is less than 

 that of 7nanures. 



3d. Insoluble salts, and the oxids, form, what is 

 commonly designated under the name of earths. 

 They can only be considered as capable of amel- 

 iorating the soil, of which they form a part, Tiiese 

 are the true amendments, which are obtained; at a 

 low price, in the vicinity of waste places. 



4th. Carbon, whose useful action appears to 

 consist in absorbing the calorific rays of the atmos- 

 phere, and thus warms the soil. Perhaps it may 

 be ailmitted that a portion of carbon is imbibed 

 by the plants, but there are no positive facts, in 

 support of such a theory. 



EXTRACT NO. SXII. 



JVbfe on the Perrotet Mulbernj (Morus Multicaulis,) 

 or Chinese Mulberry. 

 By the information which we receive from all 

 quarters, it appears that this mulberry is destined 

 to replace the common white mulberry, every- 

 where, for nourishing silk worms ; its property of 

 continuing low and bushy, so that the leaves can 

 always be gathered without a ladder, and the 

 arge size, abimdance and tenderness of the leaves, 

 cannot fail to give it a decided preference. It 



has been sufficiently ascertained, that they are 

 eaten with avidity by the silk worms and that the 

 silk which they form, is of the first quality. 



This mulberry has not suffered in the least, 

 from the rigors of the last severe winter. 



The zealous traveller, who has given to France, 

 America, and Africa, this precious plant, has ac- 

 quired a just right to public gratitude, and it is 

 not only easy, but proper, to give him, at this 

 time a proof of it, by affixing his name to the 

 tree, which has given him celebrity, and which 

 will contribute so much to the prosperity of 

 French industry. 



We will set the example, and continue to call 

 it, the Perrotet mulberry, every time we speak cf it. 



PoiTEAL. 



EXTRACT NO. XXIII. 



Mode of grafting in the East Indies, described in the Bxtlacta 

 from tlie Transactions of the Agricultural Society of India ; br M. 



SODLANOE BODIN. 



Mr Leycester learned from the nabob of Mol- 

 laghun, that he had a gardener, who was skilful 

 in various modes of grafting, and that he practised 

 one common in the upper provinces, but whi:h Mr 

 Leycester had never found described in anybook, 

 and gives the following account of the proc3ss. 



At the season of the year when the birk is 

 easily separated from the wood, having cut off 

 the end of a shoot, about a quarter of an inch 

 above a bud, the Indian gardener makes an an- 

 nular incision through the bark, half an indi be- 

 low the bud, and then, with a piece of clo.h in 

 his hautl, he carcfidly removes this ring of bark, 

 so as not to injure the bud contained in it, after 

 which he proceeds in the same manner with the 

 bud below. 



Having thus collected a mmiber of buds, which 

 he kept fresh, in the hollow of a large leaf with a 

 little water in it, he operated on the stock to be 

 grafted, by first cutting off the head, at the point 

 where it appeared to be of the proper size, — that 

 is to say, of a diameter a little less than the ring 

 of bark, which he intended to place on it ; he 

 then cut the bark in longitudinal strips, which 

 were pealed down sutKciently low, to allow the 

 ring containing the bud to slip down and exactly 

 fit the end of the stock. After this, the little strips 

 of bark were raised up over the bark ring, and 

 tied to the upper end of the stalk, when the whole 

 was covered with a little moist clay, care being 

 taken, that tio injury was done to the bud by this 

 application. 



This mode of grafting very much resembles 

 that which is described in the ' Cours de Culture 

 et de Naturalisation des Vegetoux d'Andre 

 Thouin,' under the name of Graffe des faunes, 

 (tome ii. page 463, et figuree planche 56 de I'At- 

 las BBbb.); but what is most remarkable, Mr 

 Leycester states that he was convinced after par- 

 ticidar inquiries, the method was not tanght by any 

 Eiu'opean, hut that it had been transmitted from 

 generation to generation, from time immemorial ; 

 he thinks it unites so much simplicity, and facility, 

 that it would be one of the first, which would 

 rationally present itself to the mind- of original 

 cultivators. 



tablished fact, that plants in a soil prepared with 

 common salt, rarely suffer from the cold and the 

 sudden changes of the weather. 



The half of a bed of early Peas raised in 

 a garden of Worcestershire was dresssed with 

 salt, and the other half with common manure : 

 upon the part which had been prepared with salt 

 and in tire proportion of about twenty bushels to 

 the acre, the Peas were fit to pick three weeks 

 before the others, and the vines yielded five or 

 six times as many. 



GREAT PRODUCE OF POTATOES. 



Mr Fessknden — The following remarkalile 

 produce ought to be read by every New Englanu 

 Farmer. Mr Antipas Maynard,of Waltham, Mas? 

 bought of Capt. Tombs, in Boston Market hotisc 

 2 Chenango potatoes this last spring, which hi 

 cut into seventyfour or five pieces, and plantm 

 them in a drill. He dug from the same two busli 

 els and one peck, or a flour barrel full. This rai 

 be relied on. Who can beat this .' 



ffeston, Oct 15, 1830. J. WARREN. 



EXPERIMENTS IN PLANTING POTAT(»; 



Mr Fessenden — The following experinn 

 with regard to the expediency of planting !' 

 toes, cut or whole, were made by B. Nason, I 

 of Augusta, Maine, a very intelligent, prari; 

 farmer. They are at your dis])osal, for insei 

 in the New England Farmer, if you think pr' ; 

 Yours, &c, 



Keene, JV. H. Oct. 19, 1830. 



20 Chenango Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. plan 

 whole, produced 97 lbs. 



20 Chenango Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. in hai 

 99 lbs. 



20 Chenango Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. t 

 middle, and butts; tops 32|, middle 30J, In: 

 35, total 98 lbs. 



20 Chenango Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. t j 

 taken out, 120 lbs. 



60 small Chenango Potatoes, weighing 6 11 

 planted whole, 105 lbs. 



20 white Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. plant 

 whole, I24I lbs. 



20 white Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. planted 

 halves. 111 J lbs. 



20 white Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. seed er 

 middle, and butts ; seed end 38j, middle 3{ 

 butts 39, total 117 lbs. 



20 white Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. eyes tak 

 out, 150J lbs. 



60 small white Potatoes, weighing 6 lbs. whc 

 95 lbs. 



20 long red La Plata Potatoes, weighing 6 1 

 whole, 92 lbs. 



20 long red La Plata Potatoes, weighing 6 I 

 halves, 102J lbs. 



20 long red La Plata Potatoes, weighing 6 

 seed end, middle, and butts ; seed end 32, midi 

 38, butts 33, total 103 lbs. 



20 long red La Plata Potatoes, weighing 6 

 eyes taken out, 129 lbs. 



60 snjall long red La Plata Potatoes, weighi 

 6 lbs. whole, 94 lbs. 



EXTRACT NO. XXIV 



Saline Manures. 

 Gardeners and all those who endeavor to ob- 

 tain early legumes or fruits, may profit by the J 



A single potato, planted last spring in one I 

 in Halifax, Vt. produced half a bushel of potati 

 and 70 lbs. of vines. 



BRISTOL COUNTY CATTLE SHOW. 



The annual exhibition of the Bristol Com 

 following experiment, which confirms an es- 1 Agricultural Society took place in Taunton, 



