IX. 



21. 



AND HOllTICULTURAL JOURNAL 



165 



uscftil in ninUirii: |ilaiis oI'Liii 



coiiveiiifiitly iisi'il i" iiiaUin^ 



for llie mail I'f the Slalo, if that ilesiialile oliject 



should in)t he t'Ki Ion;; pioliarleil. 



The corrmiiltee examined twelve patent jnong 

 Iloes, made hy Messrs W'ooils & Lowe — they 

 were of good work, and arc fiirnisJied at a very 

 reasonahic price to any farmer who shall hreak or 

 wear out his old ones — for it cnimot he supposed 

 that any Wor.cstcr county farmer is destitute ex- 

 cept hy such accidents, of so useful implenients of 

 husl aiidry. 



Alcssrs Leonard and Tyler of Worcester and 

 Mill luy, exliihitod a superfine Hat of good vvork- 

 iiianship. 



Plouirhs of very good workmanship were ex- 

 hibited hy Mr Joel Nurse of Slirewshury. 



iveral as^ricidtural niacliines were shown by 

 ilie owners or inventors — but not being entere<l 

 iccoidiiig to the rules of the society, were not 

 larticidarly examined. 



\mon^' other articles, not exactly inanufactured, 

 verc seven Pumpkins, weighing 221 pounds, raised 

 ly jMr Artcmas Bartlot of Holdeu, from one seed. 

 In conclusion, the coramiltee recommend that 

 here be awarded to each person who has furnished 

 rticlcs to increase the interest of the occasion, as 

 gratuitv, the thanks of the society. 



WILLIAM LINCOLN, Chairman. 



nii;;ht 1)0 very 1 trouble, in proportion to the qiianiily cidlivaied. 



of every town j Many of our I'armers grasp at the management of 

 too spacious a territory — the consecjucti-.ce is, they 

 impose upon thesnselves a state of slavery ; they 

 iiccunudale nothing, except now and then an addi- 

 tional patch of land, which serves oidy to increase 

 their burdens without augmenting their income. 

 Were they on the contrary to confine their exer- 

 tions to smaller spots, while their crops could be 

 rendered equally if not more abundant, they would 

 themselves, enjoylife better — become more inde- 

 pendent, and, with better share of frugality, inori! 

 wealthy; they would acquire time to institute ex- 

 periments, and to examine iinprovemeiits ; they 

 would attain what they scarcely now ever possess 

 — leisure — whereby we mean, not the privilege of 

 being lazy — but that sort of leisure which poor 

 Richard describes as a time of doing something 

 useful — time for study, for reflection, for familiar 

 converse, for looking after the education of their 

 young — in short, for realizing the Idessings after 

 which they are constantly toiling. 



SMALL FARMS MOST BENEFICIAL. 



Those who have strictly investigated the sub- 

 let, consider large farms comparatively less pro- 

 uclivR than small ones ; while they at the same 

 lie im|iose upon their owners a degree of labor 

 ucli greater in proportion than would seem to be 

 quired by the mere difference of size. A farmer 

 moderate circumstances, with fifty or sixty acres 

 land, for instance, will bring every inch of it 

 to a high state of cultivation — the labor employ- 

 in preparing his grounds will be more than doid)- 

 cuu:pensaled in his subsequent exemption from 

 il ; while the owner of a wide spread territory 

 three or four hundred acres, which he has but 

 aringly supplied with nourishment, must work 

 ore sedulously upon every acre during the pro- 

 ess of vegetation ; and, after all, reap butaniea- 

 e and inadequate harvest. As a single acre of 

 nd highly cultivated, can be made to yield a 

 op equal to three or four scantily prepared, it 

 nst bo obvious, that the extra labor in drtssinii: 

 e former, is abundantly more than saved by the 

 minishcd labor in attending it. A striking ex- 

 iplilicaiion of this fact may be viewed by any of 

 r farmers, who will take the trouble to visit the 

 ounds attached to the House of Industry at 

 utij i?o.«to!i — there, they may have the theory 

 d illustration directly before their eyes. Those 

 3unds, it is said, have produced this season, from 

 ee to four tons of hay per acre — which is I wo 

 three times the quantity of ordinary crnjis. So 

 ii|uberant was the grass that there actually was 

 froom, u])on the surface v/here it grew, sufii- 

 nt for the purpose of making the hay. And this 

 ■.s entirely owing, as' we are told, to the previous 

 ;ns taken to em icli the soil by plentiful additions 

 suitable compost. 



Were the same policy pursued by the owners 



H lar^e fartns, there would be little need of cmi- 



li ition from the New England to the Western 



ites ; for the very tracts, which now, under a 



■eicss system of culture, barely aflford sustenance 



;i single family, might be made to su[tport three 



CROPS IN ENGLAND. 

 We can now state that the harvest is all but at 

 an end in this part of the kingdom ; and the last 

 saved grain is the best saved. Tlie Wheat crop, 

 speaking generally, is not a full one, though by 

 no means a failing one. — Barley, Oats, and Beans, 

 on the w hole, are likely to be abundant. The ne- 

 cessities of the farmers in this country, especially 

 in the eastern division of it, have induced them to 

 send thus early to market a considerable quantity 

 of new produce. As the Irish crop is somewhat 

 efective, good judges consider that Wlieat will 

 keep up as high as 60s. ])er quarter during winter ; 

 hut that Oats, Beans, and, perhaps, Barley, may be 

 expected to drop a little in .Tanuary and February. 

 We understand that, on the FiUropean Continent, 

 the grain is defective both in quantity and quality. 

 Ill the United States of America the harvest has 

 proved abundant ; and large supplies may be look- 

 ed for from the Cnnadas — Leeds Intellv'encer. 



From Prince's Pomological Manual, now in press. 



Gderssey. Pr. cat. 

 Stevens' Genessee. 



This very fine pear is of the melting kind, larger 

 than the White Doyenne, and ripens in Septem- 

 ber. It shoidd be gathered as soon as the stem 

 will separate by a clean fracture, and ripened in the 

 house, and must be eaten as soon as it becoms yel- 

 low and mellow, as it wil not keep. It is said to 

 be more juicy, and much more delicious than the 

 White Doyemi6, and in one case a fruit measured 

 eleven inches in circuinference. The tree was 

 raised from seed in the western part of this state, 

 and the grafts were i)olitely transmitted to me by 

 J. K. Guernsey, Esq. of Monroe county, from res- 

 pect to whom I called it by the title here adopted. 



Prince's St Germain. Pr. cat. Lond. hort. 



CAT. 



This jiear is a seedling of the French St Ger- 

 main or Inconnue-la-Fare, impregnated by the 

 White Doyenne, and was originated from seed by 

 myself about twentysix years since ; the original 

 tree, which remained fur several years among a 

 clusterofseedlings without much chance forexjian- 

 sion, did not produce fruit till the ninth year. It 

 is now in the most vigorous state, and stands near 

 the entrance of one of my nurseries. Young trees 

 to the number of many thou.sands have been pro- 



pagated from it, and are now to be found in every 

 foi'.r — and that, too, with much less toil and part of Europe, as well as of our own country. 



The growth di'uotes health ami vigor, and the 

 tree comes early into bearing. The yomi"- wood 

 is of H dark reddish brown color, marked with 

 small specks of white ; the buds are large and 

 sharp pointed ; the fruit is on the average of a 

 larger size than either of its parent.s, of a russet 

 green color, with a re<l cheek; its flavor is simi- 

 lar to that of the French St Germain, but it has the 

 advantage of always being a perfectly fair fruit, 

 and a great bearer. The pears should be gathered 

 in October and laid separately on shelves, or care- 

 fully wrapped in paper, when they will gradually 

 ripen during several months, and may bo [u-eserved 

 until late in the winter. Next to the Seckel, I 

 consider this as the finest table jtear our country 

 has yet produced. 



Rushjiore's Bonchretien. Pr. cat. 



Harrison's large fall pear. Coxe. 



Large Sivwi's egg. 



Richmond. 



Autumn Bonchreiien, of some gardens. 



Lott's pear. 



This is a native pear of very large size, and 

 one of the greatest bearers. It is flat at the head, 

 and very regularly rounded for nearly two thirds 

 of its length, but diminished towards the stem, 

 whicli is long and large ; the growth of the tree 

 IS particularly strong and rapid, and it soon arrives 

 at mature bearing ; the fruit when ripe is a pale 

 yellow color, with a red cheek; it is breaking 

 when ripened on the tree, but becomes buttery 

 when matured in the house, and is considered but 

 a tolerable table fruit, the flesh being coarse ; but 

 this taken in connexion with its being a most ex- 

 cellent pear for baking and cooking, and ripe at a 

 season when few other pears are so, and producing 

 very abundantly, it may be considered as one of 

 the most useful pears in a general view ; it ripens 

 in succession, from the end of August to the end 

 of September, and may be [u-escrved without rot- 

 ting a considerable time, and when full ripe, can 

 be used for baking without sugar. 



It is very much cultivatedon Long Island, and 

 particularly by those who supply the markets with 

 fruit, it being well suited for that purpose. 



PARSNIPS. 



' In the management, or rather neglect of one 

 of our finest vegetables, than which our gardens 

 produce no richer, we see the tyranny of custom. 



'From time immemorial, our fitthcrs have raised 

 the parsnips only as a rarity, to be sought for a 

 few days in the spring. And few farmers think 

 it possible to deviate from this ancient rule, and 

 by digging that vegetable in the fall, provide their 

 tables with a very pleasant and useful winter va- 

 riety. By taking it up in the fall, we not only gain 

 a long use of the plant, but we have it in greater 

 perfection : for rarely Qan it be taken up in the 

 spring, before it has sprouted, and become ligne- 

 ous. Indeed all roots should be dug in the fall 

 and if packed in a box, with earth from the beds 

 from which they were taken, that the same moist- 

 ure may be preserved, they can be kept until quite 

 the beginning of summer, possessing all their rich- 

 ne.ss of juice, and nutriious qualities. — jVew York 

 Gardener. 



JVeatness. — A writer in Blackwood's Magazine 

 says he has travelled up and down Ireland 3-500 

 ihiles and never saw a girl no filthy, but that a. 

 gentleman might venture to shake hands with her 

 by the intervention of a pair of tongs. 



