J\EW ENGL,AJ\D FARMER. 



PUBLISHED BY J. B. RUSSELL. AT NO. 52 NORTH MARKET STREET, (at the Aor.cultural Warebouse.)-T. G. FESSEI^E^^EDIT^ 



VOL. IX. 



BOSTOJV, FRIDAY, DECEMBERS!, 183 0. 



NO. 24. 



^v©aiai^sra^iiaa©3Ers<» 



FOR THE KEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



GL.\NDERS IN HORSES, &c. 

 Mr Fesse.\de.n — I observe in your Inst num- 

 er, an iminiry concerning the disease in liorses, 



» ivhicli is callcil the ' glanders.' I slioidd like to 



; nake a few remarks upon tliis dreadful but very 

 ibscure disease. 

 The glanders is not so common a disease in 



■n hose parts of New England, in which I have 

 esided, as in Europe : neither is its near relation, 

 he Farcy. Strange as it may appear, though I 

 ave seen the ftrcy here, I have had no case 



ajome under my regular inspection. I have known, 

 owever, great ravages committed by the glanders, 

 ad have had opportunities of inspecting glander- 

 1 horses daily. It is well established at the 

 resent day, that no cure is known for glanders ; 



^Jt it is said, that of the thousands of them which 

 ive been made the subjects of experiment-in the 

 ist military and other studs of England, France. 

 id Germany, one horse was fltirly cured by art! 

 is also well established, or (if I may be allowed 

 use the expression as I wish to hold no contro- 

 rsy upon the subject,) it is .ilmost well establish- 

 , that, when the horses have been turned out 

 d left to nature for successive seasons, this dis- 

 3e has occasionally run itself out. I wns 

 luested to examine a horse, suspected to be glar- 



3l red, from a large stable, within the last yea.-J 

 i left nostril, as is generally the case, was alone 

 icted : and I advised the animal to be destroyed, 

 ich was not done. 

 The much important and encouraging change 



S|t has taken place in the opinion of the best 

 )rmcd persons on this subject, is as to the dis- 

 e being often i)ropagated by contagion. It is 

 ■V generally thought, that except the poison 

 et the system through some sore or wound, a 

 may even eat the same mash which agland- 

 I horse has left, without danger. It 



horses or colts, is the Eui 



■optan stmngks : which , A new era is approaching and better systems of 



cannot be well mistaken, and generally leaves cultivation will be forced upon the farmer of the 

 them better than it found them. I had, however, | old states :-«« cannot Jhc to the west, and there 

 once seven or eight affected with a swelling of h-epeat the exhausting practices which have run down. 



the glands with an excessive and enormous 'y<s-\thesoUofcountnesonc%,provcMallyproducti7e;Zor'e 



charge both from them, rnd from their nostrils, ' ' 



and lastinjr but a very few days. One of the 



colts has since had the common strangles ; and a 

 mare had had them before. I consequently con- 

 sidered it allied to the distemper. 



I observe an account of a peculiar affection 

 attacking the cattle of a gentleman in Maine. 

 For the sake of accuracy, so important a thing 

 in agricultural writings, ami the importance of 

 which has been so amply, of late descanted on in 

 your useful paper, I beg leave to inform this gen- 

 tleman that we do not admit of the term ' blooded,' 

 or more properly ' blood,' stock being applied to 

 any particular breed of horned cattle. He alludes, 

 I presume, to Short Horns. I am myself an ad 



labor must be hestomd on a smaller surface than is 

 now practised. — The poverty caused by naked 

 fallows, must be repaired by rotation of crops, finer 



tilth, and judicious applications of manures. By 



these means, it may be reasonably anticipated 

 that before the lapse of half a century, it will be 

 no novelty to produce fifty bushels of wheat to 

 the acre, where now it would be deemed an act of 

 temerity to attempt its growth. 



The necessity for the aids of agricultural science 

 will be first experienced in the oldest of our settle- 

 ments. — This necessity will, no doubt, lead to 

 improvements and exertions, that nuist place the 

 agriculture of the Atlantic States on a higher scale 

 than in regions where nature has been more bounti- 



mirer of those cattle : but it is worth remark, that ''"'> but where those bounties have been taxed un- 

 in their own country a distinct breed still holds ''"'y. Let not the New England man despond, 



way with them, and is often preferred : viz. the 

 Herefordshire. The characterstics of the im- 

 proved Durham Short Horns, being the precise 

 opposite of those of broad-horns, it seems a pecu- 

 liarly ineligible term. 



It may not be a new occurrence to some others 

 but it is so to me, that there is a remarkably beau- 

 tiful and thriving wild pear tree, bearing excellent 

 ' uit, within a short distance of my farm, grow- 

 ing: on one of the beaches of the Atlantic, and 

 frequently covered by the tide. 



J. L. ELWYN. 



Portsmouth, JV. H. Dec. 22, 1830. 



therefore, nor too lightly estimate the soil on 

 which he has beenboi'n and nurtured. — He maybe 

 assured, that, if there be a state of independence 

 allowed to mortals, his chance of enjoying it is 

 equal to that of any of liis species. 



A New York Farmer. 

 Saratoga County, Dec. 14, 1830. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



FOB THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



ON WHEAT. 

 Mr Fessende.n' — I entirely concur, with your 

 correspondent S. L. in the New England Farmer 

 of the 10th, as respects the practicability of raisino- 

 ^ever, be always given by inoculation to other h'"!'''' '''""P^ of u-Aenf from the old lands of New 

 ■5es, and to jackasses, and, I suppose, nudes. P'"S'a"''i ^'though it may be doubtful whether it 

 /ill also produce, it is said, distressing effects I '^^o"''' lie iirofitable at this time to make this crop 

 n the human .system. The matter of gland- p '^^'^'"a ol^j^'ct of the cultivator's attention. It 

 is, in fact, a most inveterate and malignant ^PPears to be sufficiently proved that old lands 

 on. Still, it is said, and I have no doubt "'" S''°^v wheat, by the fact, that fields now 

 justice, that the disease generally arises | J"'®''' ''''^ o''a''i which must have done so in the 

 1 other causes than contagion. The horse I ; ^'^y^ of Julius C'ssar, nor is the wheat culture 

 •ioned had always stood in a large coach- ! ''"^''^'' to particular latitudes — it is the grain of 

 ie, but no other case has yet ap))eared in it. I ''le world. 



pro[)er however, to seclude a horse suspected The fii'st essays in cultivation, like the infant 

 ■ glandered, and to direct those attending him i^tages of every branch of human knowledge, are 

 welling the diseased nostril, to wash their hands I "^"^essarily rude ;— the felling of trees and scratch- 

 oap and water, l)efore going near other horses. '"S 'he rooty surface with the harrow constitute 

 he glanders and the distemper, though con-''''e whole 'art and mystery ' of wheat culture 

 id to proceed from somewhat similar causes, I *^'''' 'he hardy frontier settler — nature does the 

 avholly different diseases. In the last the dis- Ueroa'uder, and she seldom disappoints him. 

 ge IS always from both nostrils : and generally | Indian corn is sometimes planted with an axe 

 ks young horses, particularly when first put land is suffered to mature, without the plough or 

 hot or town stables. This is fully as comirfon hoe on the new cleared lands. This mode of pro- 

 ease here as in Europe, but it is not nearly | ceeding, however, if continued on the same lands 

 tal. No horse should ever be fed or worked after the strong vegetable properties of the soil 



SALT USEFUL ?OR MILCH COW^S. 

 Collyns, in his ' Ten Minutes' Advice on the use 

 and Abuse of Salt, as a Manure,' says that a lump 

 of salt, hung up for milch cows to lick occasion- 

 ally, entirely removes the peculiar turnip taste 

 from milk and butter. My cows have eaten tur- 

 nips, spring and fall, for ten years ; yet in two or 

 three instances only do I remember that this food 

 imparted any bad flavor to the milk and butter. 

 I never conjectured the reason, until the remark 

 of Collyns met my view. My practice for years 

 has been, to have salt troughs under my cattle 

 sheds, daily accessible to my cows ; and probably 

 in the instances noticed, the salt trou"hs were 

 from negligence empty. Salt is beneficial to cat- 

 tle, as a condiment, as well as to men. Why then 

 is it not as important that the former should have 

 it with their daily food as well as the latter .' J have 

 never known animals do themselves injury bv 

 using it to excess. The consumption of salt is 

 but very little increased by the i)ractice I adopt 

 while the waste is diminished. The books tell us 

 that the free use of salt among cattle, is a great 

 preventive of disease, and powerful promoter of 

 thrift. Reason and experience seem to justify 

 the remark. 



Albany, Dec. 23. J. BUEL. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



LATE FROSTS. 



To prevent the effect of late frosts upon the 

 blossoms of fruit trees, William Stowe recommends, 



1 suffenng from It : and numbers of our best have become exhausted, would be productive of in the Gardener's Magazine, that the trunks and par. 



,g florses are greatly injured by Its being done, results that might make some believe, /nrfion corn ticularly the collar, being that paM which ioins 



third disease, generally affecting youT)e\could not succeed on old lands. , the trunk to the root, be covered with a hay or 



