^50 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



fixed at $30 per ton, and so il remained until 1828, 

 whi'n it was raised to S37 per ton. In conse- 

 quence of tlie act of 1816, fifteen jieio rolling mills 

 were inniiediately erected, without including the 

 new eStabhshnients west of the mountains — and 

 Sheet iron and boiler jilates^ (better than the 

 English), which sold for $180 'the ton, eight or 

 nine years ago, may now be had for 130 or $140 

 the ton. We speak always of wholesale prices. 

 Rolled round iron has had the same iediictiou in 

 value. 



Small hoop iron, (a new manufiicture), (irotected 

 by a duty of 3 cents per lb. by the tarift' of 1828, 

 and which sold for .SI 50 a ton a few years ago, 

 is now selling for SI 20 a ton. 



Braziers' rods, which had never been made in 

 this country until protected by the tarift'of 1 828, 

 with a duty of 3^ cents per lb., and were sold at 

 .$150 a ton, or 6^ cents a jiound, now sell for 

 .$135 a ton, or 5 cents per lb., though ' taxed' 3J 

 cents [)er lb. ■■■■■,•.,• * 



Cut nails were eight cents per lb. in 1821, and 

 had an average value of 7 cts. until 1828, and now 

 sell for 5^ cents ])er lb. The duty on nails is 5 

 cents per lb. If the duty is s. ta.x, value of the 

 nails, is only half a cent per lb. 



These, and such as these, are the articles of iron 

 best proledcd — and they show a general decline of 

 about 25 per cent or onejourth, in price, as com- 

 pared witli their value previous to such protection. 

 On hammered bar iron, the duty was 45 cents tlie 

 cwt. in 1816, raised to 90 in 1824, at which it re- 

 mains. It was worth (the superior qualities), 

 §100 the ton, a few years since, and now sells for 

 only S85 — a reduction of 15 per cent, because of 

 the domestic competition, excited by tlie 'tariff. 



Manufactures of Wool The duties laid 



upon foreign wool, for the protection of American 

 farmers,{a.nd which we heartily a[)prove of, exceed 

 as to the coarsest and finest qualities, because we do 

 not produce any of the former, and very little to 

 the latter), has prevented a large general decline 

 in the |)rtce of woollen goods, except in what we 

 call t!ie medium qualities, which were aliout 25 per 

 cent "less last year than |)revious to the increased 

 duties upon them. The price pf wool has advanc- 

 ed, and so have such cloths — but they arc .still 

 cheaper, of American manufacture, than ever they 

 were, of English product, under a mere revenue du- 

 ty. The very fine cloths retain pretty nearly their 

 old prices, though ratlier less. All mixtures of cot- 

 ton and wool are much chea[)er. The 'Welsh [dains' 

 which averaged at least 65 cents a yard, previous 

 to the tariff of 1824, fell to 60 cents, on the increa- 

 sed diuy, as soon as certain of our factories wm'e 

 put into operation. And the article known as ' Can- 

 ton cloths,' a much roore valuable one than the 

 ' Welsh plains,' sold last year at from 56 to 60 cts. 

 Their price has since advanced, because that the 

 stock of foreign coarse wool is exhausted, and 

 there is no domestic supply. Negro cloths, such 

 as in 1825, 6, 7 and 8, sold (or 27 cents— and be- 

 cause a glut, last year, for 22 cents — now sell for 

 42 cents — for the reason assigned. The south iin- 

 Jioseil the <luty on coarse wool, and will pay it ! 



It is difficult to fix a determinately descriptive 

 quality of cloths, and not so easy to make out a 

 clear comparison of prices but it is manifest, that 

 their cost has generally declinnd with the increase 

 of duties on them. The fact is — Ihnl the manufac- 

 ture of a yard of cloth, in the United Stales noio can- 

 not cost less thanin England, because of new and 

 improved machinery, not used in the latter country. 



and which, perhaps, should not be used, because 

 of the great number of persons that it would throw 

 out of employment. The difl'erence in the cost of 

 a yard of cloth, made in the U. States and in Eng- 

 land, if any there is, is in the difference of the cost 

 of the wool and dye-stufis used— /or the protection 

 of farmers and planters. As before observed, we 

 heartily approve of these duties, so far as they af- 

 fect articles produced by us in reasonable quanti- 

 ties ; but the duties on very coarse and very fine 

 wools and indigo, have a direct tendency to tax 

 consumers of the cloths made out of or dyed with 

 these materials. The farmers have had a large 

 advance in the price of their wool, and we are 

 glad of it ; we as much wish an advance in the 

 value of cotton. 



A great rise in the price of flannel was predict- 

 ed — but, with two tariffs heaped upon them to in- 

 crease the price, such as was sold for 23 cents in 

 1823, will hardly bring that sum even now. Last 

 year these goods were 17 cents only. — This shows 

 that the tariff has no effect on their price. Wool 

 was cheap in 1828, 9, and is now more valuable 

 and so are flannels. Such wool as sold for 18 

 cents last year is worth 30. 



ITo becf.nliniiPd 1 



h. 23, 1 831. 



A SEASONABLE HINT. 



Mr Russell — I would recommend to your 

 readers who have young peach trees under their 

 charge to look well to them at this season ; as the 

 snow has remained so long upon the ground, the 

 field mice are making great depredations by gaaw- 

 ing the bark completely around the tree, a little 

 above the surface of the grouiu), under the s>ioiv. 

 It occurred to me this day to examine my ttee.-;, 

 and I found several entirely destroyed andotiiers 

 slightly touched. • By shovelling the snow fioui 

 around the trees, I am in hopes to prevent furi'ier 

 trouble. 1 ofl'er these hints that all may no' he, 

 hke myself, A SUFFERE;t. 



Brookline, Feb. 2]. 



HORSE MANURE, &c— Quert. 



Mr Fesse.npf.n — I should like to be informed 

 by some of your intelligent correspondents, the 

 best way to insiu'e the greatest efficacy in tie use 

 of horse manure taken from the stable in March 

 or A])ril and intended to be used on land tlitt is to 

 be at that time (March or April) turned ovsr and 

 planted with corn ; and also how many cart 

 loads to the acre woidd be considered necessary. 

 Can you inform me or will Mr Phi.nney taie the 

 trouble tlirough your paper how he made his drills 

 when he planted his corn ' on the furrows' after 

 the sward was turned up ? Did he mean to say 

 that his land was not furrowed with a plough after 

 the first ploughing previous ami preparaory to. 

 ploughing the corn, and that it was not planted in 

 hills in the usual way? A Young Farmer. 



JVewburyport, Feb., 1831. 



HOPS IN ALBANY. 



John C. Donnelly, inspector of hops in Albany, 

 has during the last year, inspected 606 bales, 140,- 

 388 lbs. "Fees, deducting expenses, .S80,.39. Of 

 this 1 1 6,430 lbs. first sort,' 18,62 1 second do, 2,544 

 third do, 2,793 refuse ; 372 bales were from 

 Madison co. ; 144 from Oneida; the rest from 

 Otsego, Chautauque, Cattaraugus, Tompkins, Che- 

 nango, and Herkimer. The hop market opened 

 the last season at 12J cents a pound, and main- 

 tained that price till near the close of the season, 

 when they gradually advanced to 16 cents. — Daily 

 Advertiser, 



BEES. 



A few years since, a farmer removed from ' 

 county, to one of the northern counties of the e 

 of Ohio ; his remove was in the winter, and 

 took with his other moveables a hive of bees, 

 at the end of his journey he located in an old 

 house, and for the want of a belter place he 

 his swarm of bees into the garret, where t 

 remained till spring. 



Among the many cares of a remove into 

 wilderness, he forgot his bees, ami neglecte 

 place them out of doors, as is the custom ; 

 with the retmn of spring, and the opening of 

 wild flowers of the wilderness, they did not 

 get their duty, but 'gathered honey every day f 

 every opening flower,' until the hive was fu 

 overflowing. They found abundant passagei 

 tw'een the logs of the house. When the 

 was full, instead of swarming and going off, 

 merely removed a kw feet from the oli 

 tached themselves to a login the same room, 

 went to work; others attached themselves tc 

 outside of the hive, and continued their Of 

 tions in open view, in this manner for se' 

 years. When the family wanted honey, they i 

 into the room, and broke ofl' what coml) they re- 

 ed, without molestation. Having abundant roc 

 the garret, they never left it in swarms. It is pi 

 ble that the room was nearly dark, but of this 

 Hot informed. From this circumstance, the 

 itants when they build their houses, finish ( 

 small light room, in the garret, or other convei 

 part of the house, exclusively for the beeSj 

 timbers or braces to which they can attach 

 comb, having a tight door to the room, to exi 

 mice, Sfc, and I understand they are not mol 

 by the bee-moth or miller. I could much eu 

 upon this subject, but time does not permit, i 

 is quite sufficient for a practical man to in)) 

 the hint. — Genesee Farmer 



Manchester and Liverpool Rail Road. 

 tiaci of a letter to a gentleman' in Windsor, Vt. 

 Liverpool, 2Sth Dec. 1830. 



Our Rail road is coininuing to surprise moi 

 more every day. The mail is now transported 

 Between the 16th Sept. and the 7th inst. 6' 

 passengers have been conveyed along it, (I 

 which period there have been only eleven inst 

 of the journey (32 miles) excee<Iiiig by ha 

 hour the time fixed for its performanc (2 lie 

 Indeed as to speed there is no limit. Tht 

 gineer Mr Stephenson went the whole dislat 

 try a new Engine in fiflyeighl iiiiiiiitcs. 

 Locomotives pre much improved in llnir com 

 tioii ; and they have now adopted the ]ilau of: 

 their cylinders horizontally. — Windsor, Vt.l§k 



FLOUR IN ALBANY. 



Jasper S. Kecler, inspector of flour 

 has during 1830, inspected 



42,136 bblssuperfir.e flour 



563 fine 



1,027 half bbis flour 



43, 726 

 Fees, at 2 cts. a bbl. $874 52 ; expcns 

 67.— Daily Mv. 



The Legislature of S. Carolina have id 

 tax of $5000 on Lottery offices. One n 

 Messrs Yates & M'Intyre, will pay the taJ 

 the expectation that it will be repealed, next f'« 

 and the money refunded. * 



