NEW ENGIiAND FARMER 



PUBLISHED BY J. B. RUSSELL, AT NO. 52 NORTH MARKET STREET, (at the Agiucultural Wareh ou se.)-T. G. FESSENDEX, ED ITOR. 



NO. 84. 



VOT^. IX. 



BOST0i\, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 9, 1831. 



POLITICS FOR FARMERS. 



Concluded from pnge 257. 



General remarks. — An important commentary 

 ; the facts stated, naturally presents itself — for 

 atters of most serions interest to a large niajor- 

 ' of the people of the United States are involved 

 them : hut we must hasten to conclude. 

 i?eiT»i(f, in some way raised, must he had. — 

 iblic 0|iiiuon, or, at least, the public practice, is 

 liivor of supporting government by duties on 

 iportiitions. We shall not now contest the cor- 

 ctncss of this opinion or practice. It is suffi- 

 ;nt to our present purpose to show that the pro- 

 ■iion of manufactures, which insures a hon.e- 

 £u-kct to our farmers, has not affected ^the 

 iiount of the revenue, or enhanced the |)rice of 

 tides on which it acts. We have demonstrated, 

 d in a manner that cannot be disputed, that the 

 ice of commodities has universally declined aud 

 at those most highly protected have declined, 

 the greatest rate. There is no wonder in this — 

 is the natural result of compclition — no matter 

 iiethcr among ourselves, or of the working peo- 

 h of the United States against those of Great Brit- 

 Take the strong case of fire-brick, »o< affect- 

 by any newly discovered machinery, but only 

 the application of American labor, to bring 

 o value what had been valueless Anieric;in 

 While England had the monopohj, the 

 e of each brick was snen cents ; but when 

 persevering Messrs Berry, of Baltimore, under 

 encouragement of the ' Maryland Institute,' of- 

 d a quite equal if not superior article, at three 

 s, the English makers were content to j-eccive 

 same for theirs. Generous men ! but such is 

 inevitable effect of a brisk and well-managed 

 npetition in all things. Monopolies cannot long 

 6t among ourselves. The Messrs Berry al- 

 dy have successful rivals ip their meritorious 

 lufactnre in Baltimore. This is unavoidable 

 :ssity, or what the ancients called ' Fate,' and 

 pplicable to every domestic manufacture, unless 

 linsignificant to excite attention. 

 <Ve shall show in a note below, that protecting 

 ffs never had but little, if any effect on the 

 inue as derived from the customs (unless to in- 

 ise ils'amount,) though the ruin of that revenue 

 mournfulhj predicted. Those who made such 

 iictions knew not even themselves — much less 

 e they acquainted with the laws which regulate 

 ety. Desire always presses tipon means. The 

 who earns one dollar a day generally saves as 

 h money at the end of a year, as another who 

 s a dollar and a half — for the reason that the 

 ■r indulges himself in what he calls comforts, 

 e the other is bound down to the purchase of 

 ssaries, only. Tliese thirjgs are within every 

 s experience. We ask our readers to look 

 d among their neighbors, and see if these 

 lot so. And, strange as it may appear, a manu- 

 iring village of 500 persons, though the 

 ter part arc children, consume more duty- 

 ng articles than an agricultural i)opulation 

 the same class) of 2,000 ijersons. The rcgu- 

 receipt of money by the former, enables, or 

 pts, them to gratify themselves ia ' comforts.' 



Such is human nature, and we shall not find fault 

 with it. There are more silk gowns ami yards of 

 ribbon, at a factory using 500 bales of cotton a 

 year, than among the persons engaged in growing 

 10,000; and much more ten, coffee and sugar is 

 used. Cyrus, after his overthrow of the Babylonish 

 empire, was told how great a simi of money he 

 might have possessed, had he retained instead of 

 distributed, the fruits of his victories among his 

 friends and followers. To show the folly of such 

 a calculation, he gave it out that he needed a lar- 

 :cr sum of money — and it v^as immediately ten- 

 lered to him by those to whom he had given the 

 neans of advancing it. So with us — if labor be 

 rendered profitable, there is no fear of a lack of 

 evenue. The product of the excise on beer, is 

 a sure indication of the condition of the labarrng 

 lasses in Eiigland. We refer to England, be- 

 cause the ' free trade philosophers, ' make all ikdr 

 comparisons with a country in which the poor^s 

 rates, alone, are larger in amount than the whole of 

 our revenue, reducing the public debt a i the rate 

 of 10 millions a year I — whose church rates, would 

 pay off all our national debt, in about a year and 

 an half 



Advanced duties are, or are not, taxes, 'accord- 

 ing to circumstances.' Now if a person is com- 

 pelled to use 20 lbs. of tea per annum, an increased 

 duty would be a tax ; but if at liberty to refuse 

 .1.^. .-■' of it, a dimiiiisbcd consumpllon might re- 

 duce the tax that he paid. Wo do not grow any 

 tea. But thef-e is a ' tax' of 15 per cent, or, 15 

 dollars on every hundred of the cost,' as Mr Ragnet 

 has it, on wheat and Indian corn — acorns and 

 hickory nuts — but the iirice of these is not affected 

 by the 'tax' upon them. 



It is then'nianifest, that the fiirmers pay less 

 money for the articles needed by them, because 

 of the manufacture at home, than they did be- 

 fore such manufacture was established. Jf'e defy 

 the showing of a single case to the contrary, even 

 on ' cradles' or 'artificial flowers.' But this is 

 not all. The divided labor of the peojde gives 

 the land-holders larger and more safe markets for 

 their various commodities in grain and other veg- 

 etables, meats, drinks, fuel, timber, lumber, and 

 all other products or profits, in one year, than all 

 the ivorld has given them since the revolution — ex- 

 cepting the cnltivators of cotton, &c, whose pro- 

 duct, great for export, is of small comparative 

 value, with the acquisitions of the home market. 

 This may appear an extravagant expression to 

 those who have not reflected on the subject — but 

 the points that we have previously made and sus- 

 tained, are to ns ' confirmations strong as proofs 

 from holy writ,' that this assertion is much within 

 the range of holy truth.' 



We add a table of the receipts, according to 

 the nett amounts given by Seyhert until 1815, and 

 since derived from the documents. 

 Tlie average from 1791 to 1800 was 



less than .$8,000,000 



1800 to 1812 (or the war) 12,000,000 

 In 1816 and 1817, because of the ex- 

 hausted stock of foreign goods 

 of all sorts during the war, the 

 average was [a] 31,600,000 



1818 

 1819 

 1820 

 1821 

 1822 

 1823 

 1824 

 1825 

 1826 

 1827 



1828 ■ 



1829 (about) 



1830 estimated 



17,000,000 



20,000,000 



15,000,000 



13,000,000 



17,000,000 



19,000,000 



17,800,000 



(1)20.000,000 



23,000,000 



19,700,000 



23.000,000 



(c)22, 500,000 



(r)22,000,000 



These figures simply show that the various 

 tariffs have had no necessary effect on the revenue 

 unless ]n-obal)ly to increase it. In 1820, '21 and 

 '22, the ])roductive labor of our country was at its 

 lowest ebb, an<l the revenue, in three years was 

 only 45,500,000 — or the same sum as is the two 

 years of 1828 and '29. 



05=The great benefit to the farniens from the 

 division of labor, has been conclusively demon- 

 strated — but ivhat must become of at least two 

 millions of free persons, loho are subsisted by do- 

 mestic manufactures and internal improvements, these 

 being abandoned? This is, indeed, a solemn cjces- 

 TioN. Are the tanners, curriers, boot and shoe- 

 makers, cabinet-makers, chair-makers, coach-mak- 

 ers, saddlers, and all the rest of the mechanics, to 

 He cast out of :-.i.^« ii"='"t— "'■! '-'"^ workers in 

 iron, lead, copper, — in wool and cotton, flax and 

 hemp, to be driven from their homes, to seek nevir 

 means of livelihood, and simply because these 

 freemen ' increase and multiply' faster than some of 

 the southern holders of slaves wish that they 

 should do ? Here is the foundation of the opposition 

 to the protecting ta-iff. It is not worth while to 

 mince the matter. As we stand before God, we be- 

 lieve that the more rapid increase of citizens in the 

 north, middle and west, is the leading cause of the 

 furious opposition to the tariff that is now going on, 

 though unknown to the midtitude of our opponents, 

 for tiie accursed thing may not be openly pro- 

 claimed. Wo believe it is the ground on which 

 the leading jioliticians of South Carolina have plac- 

 ed themselves. Let the laboring people think of it 

 — and, when Vi-orking men toil for their children, 

 let them reflect upon the desolation which these 

 persons would cause to liold poliiieal power — 

 'rather to rule in hell than serve in heaven.' 



(a) Notwithstanding the protecting tariff of 1816 ! 



(b) Increase of two millions, notTilhslanding the 

 tarirt'of 1824. 



(c) As stated by MrSecre'ary Ingham notwithstanding 

 the ' revenue destroving tarifl' ol" 1S29. lu 1819, the 

 three first quarters yielded 17,770,000. 



Manufactures in Egypt. — A late Bombay Courier 

 publishe'd the following :— An Arab ship arrived from 

 the Red Sea, has brought 250 bales of Cotton Yarn, 

 the manufacture of Mi Facha, at his spinning mills 

 near Cairo. It is reported that he has sent 500 bale* 

 to Surat, 1000 to Calcutta, and that he intends next 

 season to send long cloths, MadapoUans, &c, having 

 established steam power looms! 



These goods are at present admitted at 60 per 

 cent invoice cost, besides 4 1-2 per customs. 



What will the mercantile community say to this 

 new competition ? — Bait. Gazette^ 



