Vol. IX.— No. 35 



AND llOliTICULTlJRAL JOURNAL. 



277 



:>ll;illlv iio about 



mid tills yi-ar, ilio losiili iv 



tlu' SMMIO. 



Tlu> eliii'fotijoct oC tlic fiirin is tlie supplying 

 of milk for the iiiiiiUin in Sali-in, wiicie it is seiii 

 t\vir<' ,1 ilav ill sdtiiiiii'i-, (iiii'c in vviiitiM- — a ilislaiice 

 iof aluint two niilos. Tin' niinibir of gallons sent 

 o inarUei, during the year eiiiling the (irst of the 

 present inonih, is 13,870 — I?nltei' made in the same 

 tiir-e. 550 His. — Clietse (lailed Ibnr meal 

 BOO His. — Of Cakes, in the same liui(\ have he 

 received for lho.se faitened and sold, 15-1 dollars ; 

 iie others liave lieen killed as soon as the milk ol' 

 he cow was fit for use ; their skins sold for 50 

 rents each, and the carcass lioiled and given to 

 he hogs. — The eons are all of native hreed, and 

 ire generally houglil when young from the eoilii- 

 ry ; as stock of this description cannot in my 

 ituation be raised to advantage. 



T'le aranmit paid for labor the past year ha 

 ■een eight hundred fortythree dollars, thirtyseven 

 ents. From wliic^h is to he deducted lor extra 

 bor in building stone wall, and ibr men and 

 sam employed olTtlie farm for the town, &c, two 



Oil tlicmenns ()J'!;-!viii'^afiiiecilu:eloraxoi-s,lanci:s, the uimost activity restored to the edge of such 

 andnlher culling inslnmenls — The Journal of the instruments so instantaneously, and by such in ad- 

 Koyal Inslituiionof Great Brliain, Ibr Oct. 1830, : equate means, that I have been sometimes led K) 

 contains an article fiinii the pen of Thomas A. j suspect the operation of the bar to liavo been 

 Knigut, Esq. F. R. S. ['resident of the liorliciil- 'sonielhitig more than that of liavinc 



Ulidred and sixty dollars — leaving the net amount 

 f cost of labor upon the farm, _^!'e hundred eighti/- 

 iree dollars, thirlij sei'ca cenis. My own labor 

 ad the labor hired in the house, is not included 

 I the above estimate. 



tuial Society, Sii; giving a description of an imple- 

 miMit for the purpose above mentioned, which 

 ' consists of a cylindrical bar of cut steel, three 

 heese) I inches long without its handle, and about one 

 third of an inch in diameter. It is remlered as 

 smooth as it can reailily be made with sand, or more 

 properly glass paper, ap[)lied longitudinally ; and 

 it is then made peifectly hard. Before it is used it 

 must be well cleaned but not brightly polished, 

 and its surface inusi be smeared over with a mix- 

 ture of oil, and the charcoal of wheat straw, wljich 

 necessarily contains much silicious earth in a very 

 finely reduced state. I have sometitnes used the 

 (diarcoal of the leaves of the Elymus arenarius (a 

 species of rush-grass) and other marsh grasses; 

 and some of these may probably afford a tnore ac- 

 tive and (for some purposes) a better material ; but 

 on this |)oint I do not feel myself authorized to 

 speak with decision. 



' In setting a razor, it is tny practice to bring its 

 edge (which must not have been previously rounded 

 by the operation of asirapj into contact with the 

 surface of the bar, at a gre.iter or Ies>, but always 



ig worn away 

 a mimile poition of the metal: but I am not dis- 

 posed to offer any conjectures respecting other 

 effects which I may have conceived it to produce.' 



The lahorers on the farm are freely supplied h^t a very acute angle, by raising the hack of the 



lith family beer, molasses and water, milk and 

 Biter. Cider is not preferred in warm weather, 

 ccept with food. No ardent spirit is used on 



farm except for medical purposes, and for 

 lat probably not to exceed one gallon in a year. 



have endeavored to give as correct and full a 

 Bteinent as is in my power. I have ever !"c.rn 

 led to agriculture from my yoiitb ; but have bad 

 lOtlier advadtajes than those derived from actual 

 iperience. So far as my opinion on the subject 

 ly be deemed of any tni|)ortaiiee, it is in favor of 

 alternation of crops on the same land, and an 

 ^asional change of every kind of .seed. 

 All of which is respecfully submitted. 



erastus ware. 



!Sakm,Dec.S, 1830. 



razor more or less, proportionate to the strength I 

 wish to give the edge; and I move the razor in a 

 succession of small cindes from heel to point, and 

 back again without any more pressure than the 

 weiglitof the blade gives, till my object is attained. 

 If the razor has been properly ground and pre- 

 pare<l, a very fine edge will be given in a i'ew 

 seconds; and it may be renewed again, during a 

 very long period, wholly by the same means. I 

 have had the same razor by way of experiment in 

 constant use during more than two years and a 

 half; and no visible portion of its metal has within 

 that period been worn a way, though the edge has 

 remained as fine as t conceive possible; and I 

 have never atone lime spent a quarter of a minute 

 in setting it. The excessive smoothness of the 

 edge of razors thus set, led me to fear that it 

 would he indolent comparatively with the serrated 

 edge of razors thus given by the strop; but this 

 has not in any degree occurred, and therefore I 

 conceive it to be of a kind admirably ada[>ted for 

 surgical purposes, particularly as any requisite 

 degree of strength may be given with great pre- 

 cision. Before using a razor after it has been set, 

 1 simply clean it on the |)alm of my hand, and 

 warm it by dipping it into warm water, butlthink 

 the instrument recommended operates best when 

 the temperature of the blade lias been previously 

 raised by the aid of warm water. 



'A steel bar of the cylindrical form above des- 

 cribed, is, I thitdc, niiicb superior to that of a |daae 

 surface for giving a fine edge to a razor, or pen- 

 knife ; but it is ill calculated to give a fine point 

 to a lancet; and I therefore cause a plane surface 

 to be made, a quarter of an inch wide, on one 

 side of the bar, by cutting away a part of its sub- 

 stance, and I have found this form to be extensively 

 useful. 



' The edge of some razors, whether formed of 

 wootz, of mixed metals or of pure steel, but par- 

 ticularly of mixed metals, has generally appeared 

 to nic, to be more keen and active, when used a 

 few, seconds after it had been applied to the bar, 

 than on the following day; and I have often seen 



Agkicultural Society. — The annual meeting 

 of the HaiTipshire, Hampden and Franklin Agri- 

 tiiral Society was held at the Aim;rican Hotel, last 

 Wednesday. The following officers and commit- 

 tees were chosen :— 



Hon. Mark Dooltttle, Presirffni. 

 Messrs Samuel Wells, of Greenfield, Patrick 

 ' Boies of Granville, Jose|)h Carew, of Sjjringfield, 

 Theodore Jiyman of Amln-rst, and Joseph G. 

 Cogswell of Northampton, Vice Presidents. 



Messrs Daniel Stebbins, Rec. and Cor. Sets- 

 retary ; Samuel Wells, Jr. Treasurer. 



CoMJiiTTEES. — Messrs R. Hubbard of North- 

 ampton, E. Edwards of Southampton, and P. Ban- 

 let of Nonbanqjton, on ./li^rli-u.llure — I. C. Bates, 

 J. G. Cogswell of Northampton, and Dennis Steb- 

 bins of Deerfield,0)j./?niHin/s — O.Bakcr of Amherst, 

 E. Williams and Stephen Brewer, of Northampton, 

 Domeslie manufticlures — S. Stoddard, .1. D. Whit- 

 ney, and D. Stebbins of Northami)ton, Auditors. 



After the election of officers, the Committee 

 on Premium Cider, made the following Report ; 

 Mr Eben. Clark of Conway, is entitled to the first 

 premium ; Mr S. Clark, of Conway, the 2d ; Mr 

 E. Clark of Conway, the third, and Mr Elisha 

 Edwards, of Southampton, the fourth. 



(jJ^We learn the Society are desirous of offer- 

 ing more liberal premiums for the encouragement 

 of Agriculture, the growing of the best and most 

 useful breed of horses, and other animals, and that 

 for this purpose they will soon issue Circulars to 

 obtain additional Funds. The Constitution and 

 Bye-laws are now so amended and altered, as to 

 admit of the Cattle Show and Pair to be holden 

 at such time and place, within the limits of the 

 Society, as, in the opinion of the Executive com- 

 mittee, may best promote its interests and the pub- 

 lic good. — JVorlhampton Courier. 



Maple Sugar. — In the little town of Wilming- 

 ton, Ver. no less than 33,000 pounds of Sugar have 

 been manufactured in one year, and a town in the 

 Northern part of the State, the name we do not 

 recollect, has manufactured 42,000 pounds. Even 

 in this town, many of our farmers manufacture 

 large quantities. — In Westmoreland many farmers 

 produce hi If a Ion. — One farmer in Cilsuin hag 

 made 2200 lbs. In Maine, we have no doubt the 

 whole State might be supplied — so in Vermont. 

 Maple Sugar when refined, is said to be superior to 

 the best refined from the West Indies. — Keene Sent. 



The bill incorporating the Schenectady and Sar- 

 atoga rail-road company which had passed the 

 A.ssembly, was passed on its. final reading in the 

 Senate last Saturday. — Albany paper. 



The receipts of the first nine weeks on the rail- 

 way from Liverpool to Manchester, for passengers 

 alone, exceeded 85,000 dollars. 



The Maryland Legislature have voted $100,000 

 for Stock in the Susquehanna Rail Road Company. 



