820 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



April 20, IS31. 



RAIL, ROADS 



LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER RAIL ROAD. 

 Extract of a letter to the editor of the Philadelphia 



Gazette, dated 



London, January, 183L 



The great Liverpool Tunnel, which is said to be 

 the largest in the world, is in all respects a magnifi- 

 cent work. It commences a short distance from the 

 north corner of the Queen's Dock, and runs under 

 the town of Liverpool, finally terminating at Edge 

 Hill, a distance of more than a mile and a quarter. — 

 This subterranean passage is very wide and spa- 

 cious, and cannot fail to inspire the visiter uith the 

 most impiessive admiration for an achievement that 

 would but a few years since have been condemned 

 as the most chimerical of all projects. The deep 

 and heavy rumbling of carriages is distinctly lieard, 

 as they are hurried along the busy pavements over- 

 head, teeming with life and enterprise ; and as you 

 advance, you see painted on the wall, the names of 

 several streets, under which the line passes at vari- 

 ous depths from tlie surface. The sides and roof of 

 the vault have been white washed, and the whole is 

 destined to be splendidly illuminated with gas,which 

 will bestow upon it a most brilliant etlect. When 

 the day is perfectly clear, the light may be discern- 

 ed at the opening of Edge Hill, when more than a 

 mile distant. It has the same appearance as that of 

 the upper hemisphere of the moon, seen through a 

 thin mass of fleecy clouds. When the work reach- 

 es its completion, it vvill constitute one of the most 

 splendid promenades that can well be imagined ; 

 but at present no other accommodation is enjoyed 

 by the pedestrian, than the dim and struggling light 

 afforded by two or three torches. 



It seemed to me a matter of some surprise, liow 

 such an extraordinary excavation could be effected. 

 I was informed by one of the Directors, that the first 

 shaft was commenced in I8'26, and the operations 

 continued with scarce any intermissions, night or 

 day, until the work was completed. Nearly two 

 thirds of the Tunnel was perforated through a solid 

 rock ; so tliat upwards of one hundred and fifty 

 thousand tons of free stone were removed, which 

 served admirably for building and many other pur- 

 poses. The pickaxe, hammer, wedge and gunpow- 

 der, were the principal agents employed, in thus 

 forcing tiits ponderous thoroughfare through the 

 bowels of the earth. Several shafts were opened at 

 the average distance of five hundred yards; and 

 such was the precision with which the workmen ap- 

 proached each other, that they seldom varied more 

 than an inch at the point of junction. 



Passengers destined for Manchester, repair to the 

 grand area at Edge Hill, from which place the rail 

 way coaches set ofi". I took my seat in one of those 

 vehicles, and rapidly descended an inclined plane, 

 leading through the small tunnel, which is about 

 three hundred yards in length, principally cut 

 through a solid rock, and illuminated with a double 

 row of lamps. The carriages are variously construct- 

 ed, and are quite unique in their appearance, al- 

 though utdity rather than elegance, seems to have 

 been the object of the builders. The seats are di- 

 vided into three compartments, some of which are 

 tastefully lined with cloth, and each compartment is 

 sufficiently large for the convenience of two per- 

 sons. The carriages and coaches are six or seven 

 in number, and the whole joined together, present a 

 very novel, and striking spectacle, when travelling 

 with unprecedented velocity, and drawn only by a 

 single engine. I found it liighly necessary to pur- 

 chase a ticket a long time previous to the period of 

 starting, or I should otherwise have infallibly been 

 prevented from procuring a seat. Only one hundred 

 and thirty passengers, comprising the stipulated 

 number, can be accommodated at a time ; and not- 

 withstanding the carriages set out from the respect- 

 ive places six times every day, making the com|dete 

 number of passengers S3ven hundred and eighty, — 

 there are yet scores of people who are obliged, diur- 

 nally, to depart disappointed. Yours, M**. 



GREAT SHIP RAIL ROAD ACROSS THE ISTHMUS OF 

 SUEZ. 



The railway and steam engine appear destined to 

 produce a great revolution in the affairs of tjie world. 

 What shall we say, for instance, to the astonishing 

 feat wrought the other day on the Liverpool and 

 Manchester Rail Koad ? The Majestic travelling 

 six times between those two places, thus going over 

 a distance of 180 miles in a day — and conveying 

 backwards and forwards 14"2 tons? There are ten 

 such engines employed on the road. 



But a project is now conceived of railwaying the 

 Isthmus of Suez, and carrying over it vessels of the 

 heaviest burden from the Mediterranean to the Red 

 Sea. A paper to this effect has been read before the 

 Society of Arts in London. The vessels are to be 

 placjed upon the railway, out of the water, by means 

 of Morton's patent slips, and then transported to the 

 opposite sea by means of luconiotive steam engines. — 

 By such slips the vessel becomes a sort of amphibi- 

 ous carriage, and the steam wafts her gently, crew, 

 cargo and all, over the plains of Egypt to her native 

 element. It is said the difficulties of the enterprise 

 are not greater than those encountered in the con- 

 struction of the Manchester and Liveipool Rail Road 

 — and that the Pacha of Egypt has actually employ- 

 ed an Engineer to inspect Morton's Patent Ship. — 

 What are we coming to next.' Shall we canal or 

 railway the Isthmus of Panama? moving bodily the 

 whole mass of the vessel and cargo _from the Mexi- 

 can Gulf to the Pacific, instead of doubling Cape 

 Horn ? If our successors go on the next fifty years, 

 and with the same accelerated velocity as we have 

 done for tlie last fifty years, what prodigies will not 

 be performed by human ingenuity ? If we extend 

 the calculation further onwards, where will be the 

 limit of scientific improvement? 



Rail Road Mania. — We are an excitable people, 

 albeit a very calculating one too. The hobby of the 

 moment is rail roads, ami it is ridden boldly. The 

 slock of the Mohawk and Hudson rail road company 

 which, at the outset, dragged heavily, and could 

 only with difficulty be filled, is now selling at 1G2.J, 

 although the road is yet unfinished. Within a week, 

 books for the stock of a new railroad, authorised in 

 New Jersey, between Peterson and the Hudson 

 opposite this city, were opened. Three times the 

 sum requisite was subscribed, and the scrip is now 

 selling. at 116, — even before, as we suppose, any defi- 

 nite survey has been made of the route, or estimate 

 of its cost. — Yesterday the ceremonial of opening 

 books for subscriptions to the stock of the Catskill 

 and Canajoharie Rail Road, was gone through with 

 at the Exchange ; and it was only a ceremonial — for 

 the thing was done in the twinkling of an eye — the 

 subscription was declared to be filled ; and though 

 we saw many who were disappointed, we did not 

 fall in with any who had succeeded in obtaining 

 stock. This scrip was also immediately sold, we 

 are informed, at a premium. All this denotes abund 

 ant means, low profits, few opportunities of perma- 

 nent investment, and, — a very little, perhaps — of the 

 spirit of gambling. — A'nv York Jlmerican. 



John Howard Smith and Elizabeth Ireland, both 

 of Huntington, Suffolk county, L. I. were married 

 in the year 1775. They are still living in the enjoy- 

 ment of health at a ripe old age, the former being 

 in his 87tii, and the latter in her 83d year. I'heir 

 descendants are as follows, viz : 

 17 children, 

 97 grand children, 

 135 great grand children. 

 1 great great grand child, 

 Total 250; of whom 210 are now living. 



As a proof of the good example and the sage 

 councils of the aged pair, in all the 210 decendants 

 yet living, not one of them is known to be dissipated 

 or intemperate. 



The Mayor of Baltimore has caused all dogs to 

 be confined, in consequence of several cases of 

 hydrophobia. 



Valuable and Cheap Land — fur Sale. 



The subscriber offers for sale, 14,0(10 acres uf cb. 

 Land, silualed in Ihe (own of-Pinckney, coun(y i>f Le 

 and slate of New York, Sorue ol the land is iinpro 

 and under cultivation. The countiy is remaikably ht 

 (-'ii|, l>einp; enliiely free from the fever and af;ue aiid^ 

 (he coTnnjon bilious fevers which often afilicl (be ti 

 u;)on Lake On(ario, tijis town being 18 miles east oi , 

 l.ike. The soil is principally a sandy ioani, inuch ^ 

 covered with rich black niou'd. The limber i^ chiA 

 Su<;ar Maple, Black Ash, Butternut, Beech, fc;imj_ 

 The land yields first rate crops of Grass, Rye, Oats 

 ley. Potatoes and Flax ; and on some lot/, good V 

 and Corn may be grown. To (hose wishing (o obtai 

 perioi' grazing farms, a fine oppoitunity now offers' 

 Ihe pioduce of pasturage and bay from an acre o 

 land, is very large, fully equalling if not suipassin] 

 from Ihe same quanlily of land in any olber ol the 

 Ixiver townships. The land is admirably well wat 

 there being nut few lots which have not durable 

 snoams upon them. The land is well adapted lo Ore 

 inii- — (lie .\pple tiee thriving very well in this co 

 SluL-k of all kinds may be disposed of wilh (be least 

 ble trouble, and to the greatest advantage, the dt 

 pnrcliasing at the very doors of (be fanners, and pi 

 (he highest cjsh piices for (heir cadle, which will n 

 find purchasers at all seasons of the year. Sever! 

 rners at present residing on this town, were orig 

 iVom the New England S(n(es, and some of (hem 

 iMassachusetts, wlio are in thriving circums(ance3. 

 above described land is offered for sale at (be ver 

 price of from two dollars and a half to three doUai 

 acre, lor tlie uncleai-ed land, and from three dollars 

 half to five dollars and a half for the improved lots, 

 land will be sold in lots lo suit purchasers, apd froi 

 lo five years' credit for payment, in annual inslain 

 will be given. As a further convenience lo purchsij^ 

 Ibe subscriber will receive in payment, Calif, Shee 

 I'crk, Grain or Grass Seed, for which products he W 

 allow the highest cash prices. The title to the land 

 indisputable, and good Warranty Deeds will be given 

 pui'chasers. Pei'sons desirous of puicliasing will plea 

 lo apply to the subscriber, at Henderson Harbor, cout 

 of Jefferson, Stale of New York, or lo David CanfibI 

 Esq. on (he town. JAMES H. HENDERSON. 



March 9. epl6t 



Ammvnition .JJ^ 



Of Ihe t)est quafity ai.d io7res( yirice.'!, for sportinj- 

 constantly for sale at COPELAND'S POWDER STOBI 

 65 Broad Street. 



IV. B. If (be quality is not found sali factory, it mi 

 be returned, and the money will he refunded. If Jan. 



I' 



packin 

 Aug. 



Evergreens, Silver Firs, Sfc. 

 The subscriber being engaged in the 

 business would be happy to receive 

 for Forest Trees, Seeds, and Evergreeni 



Maine, and being Agent for J. B. Rl _^ 



Boslon, and Prince ^V Sons, Flushing, N.T 

 sent through them or otherwise, will be atteule 

 out delay Particular directions for taking until' 

 r is requested. \VM. MANN. 



usta,Me.,March26. 6t 



of Mr Mann's prices for Evergreens, 4'C, canbi 

 at the New li^ngland Farmer office. 



Published every Wednesday Evening, lit g3 per anpow 

 payable at the end of die year — but those who pay withii 

 sixty days from the time of Eubscribing, are entitled toade 

 duction offifty cents. 



03= No paper will be sent to a distance without payocK 

 being made in advance. 



Printed for J. B. RussELL, by I. R.- Butts— by whoit 

 all descriptions of Printing can be executed to meet In' 

 wishes of customers. Orders for printing received by J-P 

 RussF.i.L, at the Agricultural Warehouse, No. 52 Wof'' 

 Market Street. 



AGENTS. 



New lo/if:— G.Thorbubn & Sons, 67 Liherty-slrcet 

 PhikuMpliia- I). &, C Landketh.83 Chcsmul-slrecl. . 

 Bullimore—G. B..SMiTH,Edil(ir of Ihe American Farinar. 

 Cinciniiuli—S. C. Paukhurst,23 Lower Markel-s(reeU 

 A'lijnii — Hon. Jesse Buel, Albany Nursery. 

 Alba7iij—\\'M. Thorburn,."!*? Rlarkcislrcel. 

 rtiisliiiiz. N. r.Wm.PiiiNCE&SoNs.l'iop.Lin.Dol.Gnr' 

 //.ii//"»ri/— GiioiiwiN &Co. Booksellers. 

 Newhurifport, Ebknezi;r .Stedman, Bookseller. 

 Portsnwiit/i. N. tl. 3. W. Foster, Bookseller. 

 Portland, Ale. — Samuel Colman, Bookseller. 

 Jtuausta, Me. Wm. Mann. 



Halifax, N. S.— P. J. Holland, Esq. Recorder Office. 

 Montreal, L. C. — A. Bowman, Bookseller 



