Vol. IX.— No. 43. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL 



389 



;ue ! ) iitiil "limiii IVdiu livo to srveii dollar.f a pound 

 iccoriliiig to ciuiility. W'c |]o|)e to iicar no inoio 

 f e.xpnitiiijr our caw silk, ami iinpoiting the inan- 

 factiircil artick'. If tlie process of nianul'acturin'? 

 ewing silk (Voin raw silk is to iloiiblo the value 

 ftlieinaleri.il — that is, to make three dollars worth 

 ix — then let ns have the advantage of it. — lb. 



iMILCH COWS. 



The attention of farmers is invited to the coii- 

 iJeration nf the charact(;r and condition of our 

 lilch cows. 



How much milk ought a cow to yield to be 

 rorth her keeping ? What is the average time that 

 ur cows are in milk ? Is there much, if any, 



aste of fodder among us by keeping animals that 

 ield little or no n.'turn of profit .' — Questions like 

 lese, and there are many such, oui;ht to be put 

 nd answered in the New England Farmer. It 

 lay turn out that our dairy stock is extremely low 

 t character and its management wasteful. 



If someihiiig like an average quality of milch 

 OWS could he settled — to eflect a standard — and 



should be undejstood that no gond farmer woulil 

 eep an animal for milk that fell below it ; all the 

 aws in the coimtry would soon come up to tliat 

 andard and go beyond it. 



A milch cow of medium qualiiy in this state will 

 ve, it is supposed, 1"2 (piaris of milk per day for 

 vo months after calving, and about 7 quarts per 

 iy on grass feed for the next four months, and 

 lur quarts per day for the next following t<vo 

 onths, and perhaps 2 ipiarts one month longer, 

 tttogether 1.500 quarts in a year. 



It takes 9 quarts of mdk to give a pound of bit- 

 r, and 4 quarts to yield a poimd of cheese. The 



im milk and dairy tvluij n^ay be valued at $3 a 



w per aniuim. 



Now, a cow that gives 1500 quarts of milk in a 

 lar, will produce 166 lbs. of butter, worth at 16 

 mts per lb. $26 56 



iin milk, say 3 44 



insure a better selection for niilcii cows. I''artners 

 woidil think more of the advantages of etiqiloying 

 bulls of the improved breeds. Heifers slioidd be 

 miikeil with great care and very thoroughly, to 

 get them in the habit of holding out as long milkers. 

 If they once dry early, no care and keeping afliM- 

 wards will correct this fault. Heifers with the 

 first calf wdl be fed well with some additional care 

 the last three months they are in milk, to make 

 them hold out. 



The profit of a milch cow is not generally under- 

 stood. i\lilk is not only the most nutritious but 

 cheapest article of food. The food necessary for a 

 cow in full milk, does not exceed in price, one 

 third of what is uecessary in feeding for the butch- 

 er. 



These few remarks are hastily made to draw out 

 farmers, and particularly scientific farmers, on 

 this subject : There are a great iiiany facts to the 

 pm-pose, which should come to light. — Mass. 

 Agri. Rep. 



$30 00 

 Nothing is said of the worth of the calf, as all 

 emilk the cow gives is credited. - 

 A milch cow's keeping one year cannot be short 

 2-5 dollars in the interior. 



Suppose a farmer to resolve that he would keep 

 cow that did not hold out as a good milker 9 

 jnths in the year — and that did not give sixteen 

 larts of milk per day for 2 months al'ter calving, 

 id 12 quarts per day the next 3 months, and 2 

 larts per day the month follnwiiig. — Such a cow 

 )uld yield per anntim 3000 quarts of milk. 

 Here it may be remarked, that with the addition 

 five dollars per annum to the cost of food as es- 

 nated for a common cow, the neat profit would 

 lobably be four fold. 



Is it not practicable to have throughout the coun- 

 i, as commoji dairy stock, animals as gooil as the 

 5t described ? 



This question is submitted to farmers for con- 

 leratioji. The probability is that in taking some 

 ins to get stock as good, they would get even 

 tter. 



If the various modes of obtaining this object 

 3re resorted to at once and with zeal throughout 

 e country, there woul 1 be a prodigious improve- 

 ent in a very short time. No young aidmal of 

 omising appearance for milk would go to the 

 itcher. More care would be taken of young 

 3ck. More young stock would be retained to 



A MARKET FOR COCOONS. 



The Editor of the .■\merian Farmer is authorized 

 to say that any quantity of cocoons will be pur- 

 chased the ensuing season, by a gentleman who is 



|)reparing to erect a filature in Baltimore From 



forty to fifty cents a pound will be given for them, 

 according to quality. — Particular care should be 

 taken in killing the chrysalis that the fibre of the 

 cocoons be not injured by heat, and that all the 

 crhysalis be certainly killed. If the cocoons be 

 put in to a tin vessel, the cover closed perfectly, 

 and the vessel be placfed in a kettle of boiling 

 \vater for half an hour, the chrysalis will be all kill- 

 ed and the cocoons receive no injury from too 

 high a heat as the water will prevent the temper- 

 ature rising above the boiling point. 



We liave thought it proper to give this notice 

 that those who have been deterred from raismg 

 silkworms by the absence of a market for cocoons 

 might be induced to commence. At forty cents a 

 pound cocoons will be a very profitable article. 

 One person with a boy to assist during the last 

 ten days, can attend to one hundred thousand 

 worms, which, if well attended to, — kept clean and 

 well fed with mulberry leaves, will produce 300 

 pounds of cocoons, which will bring at the mini- 

 mum price .$120, and if really first quality, which 

 they will be by proper attention, they will bring 

 .fl50, — and the time occupied will not be over 

 si.x weeks. — What more profitable employment 

 can females jiursue. The gentleman will give 

 notice in a future advertisement of the place at 

 which the cocoons will be purchased. In the 

 meanti(ne the Editor will take pleasure in giving 

 all necessary information on the subject. — All 

 letters must be post paid. — American Farmer. 



YELLOW JASMINE. 



We announce, with deep sympathy in the afflic- 

 tion which the event visits on her fond parents, and 

 ill the hope that it will operate as a solemn warn- 

 ing to young persons, the fact, that Sarah, the inter- 

 esting little daughter of Mr John D. Gordon, aged 

 about 4 years, was jioisoned yesterday from eating 

 yellow Jasmine /lowers. The child, we learn, was 

 ill good health at the breakfast table, went out 

 and came home an hour or two after, to breathe 

 her last in the arms of her parents, who are over- 

 whelmed with grief by the sudden and heart ren- 

 ding event. — JVorfolk Beacon. 



BARLEY. 



The two rowed barley, if it can be had, is 

 decidedly preferable for mellow ground — if not 

 the four rowed is next to be preferred.— It should 

 be prtqiaied by steeping ill coUl water some twelve 

 hours, carefully skimming all the oats and foul 

 stuff which rises to the top of the steep ; the water 

 may then be drained off; and the barley thrown 

 into a heap upon the floor, where it must remain 

 twelve hours ; then some house ashes are to be 

 mixed with the barley and sown immediately 

 three bushels to the acre. Barley from clay lanil 

 should be sown on sandy or alluvial sod, and 

 vice versa. The time for sowing- is from the 20th 

 to the last of April. 



I am aware that this manner of treating seed 

 barley is very different from the customary mode ; 

 but let the farmer act upon these instructions, and 

 I shall endeavor to sustain the propriety of them in 

 a subsequent essay by what I conceive to bo 

 sound reason. — Genesee Farmer. 



Medicine. — We have just heard of a man, who 

 very honestly and conscientiously, takes brandy 

 and loaf sugar, as a medicine for those complaints 

 which have usually been treated in this way. 

 Probably he does not knov/ the fact himself, but 

 \ns friends know that he becomes in reality, in- 

 toxicated in this manner almost every week of his 

 life ! What shall be done for him? The pledge 

 of the Temperance societies runs — ' except for 

 medicine.' He takes the medicine only when the 

 disorder returns. He takes but just enough to 

 remove it — but he takes enough to render him an 

 inebriate. Is there no remedy ? Is there not, in 

 the whole range of materia medica, a proper sub- 

 stitute .' Has heaven inflicted physicai, evils on 

 man wljieli it is his duty to remove, and which 

 can only be removed by moral degradation ? Who 

 can believe it ? — Gen. of Temperance. 



Cleanliness. — Cleanliness is a mark of polite- 

 ness, for no one unadorned with this virtue, can 

 go into company without giving manifest oftence. 

 It may be said to be the foster-mother of affection. 

 Beauty commonly produces love, but cleanliness 

 preserves it. Age itself is not imamiable, while 

 it is preserved clean and unsullied. Cleanliness 

 is intimately connected with purity of mind, and 

 naturally inspires refined sentiments and passions. 



THE BLOOD ORANGE. 



' The date tree I observed ; butthough it reaches a 

 considerable size in Malta, (so.iie specimens of which 

 I have seen being ten or twelve yards in height,) it 

 is not made to bear. The walks and plats [of the 

 Grand Master's Gardens] were literally strewn with 

 oranges and lemons. They seemed left to perish ; 

 although in better times the product of the gardens 

 from oranges alone, is said to have yielded the reio-n-- 

 ing Grand Master two thousand Maltese crowns an- 

 nually, a sum about equal to one thousand dollars. — 

 The blood orange which is the boast of the island, is 

 a most delicious fruit. It is produced by grafting the 

 slips of the common orange on a pomegranate stock. 

 The pulp inclines to the color of reel, but not so much 

 in mass as intermixed in streaks ; and hence its name. 

 It is not only more luscious but less husky than the 

 ordinary varieties of orange, and in size it is far sur- 

 passing. The blood orange sells in Valetta for eight 

 pence a dozen, while the best of other sorts may be 

 had for four pence.' — Bigelow's Travels. 



Pennsylvania Canal. — Boats from Philadelphia 

 have arrived at Harrisburgh, via the Schuylkill, and 

 the Union and Pennsylvania Canals. 



