AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



849 



ints Iruiu iMiiiiiijrs wliicli liavo l>i!rii Hike 



vine [ireviotis to tlie coiiiiiuniiemeiit of the 

 .Illation of the siip ill the s|>riiig. Tiie coiiimon 

 gth of thi'se is from ii foot to a foot and a half. 

 >hoiil'l bi- |ihiiiir<l out in good rich earth 

 1 wiiL-ie it is nither iiu-liniii!!; to clay than sand 

 a northern aspcet is iircleralile to a south, 

 rv the (-utiin-^s in a slamin;,' position nearly 

 whole leiislli, leaving the iip|ier bud near tlie 

 •0 of the ^m-oUikI. In dry weather they should 

 watered and the frround eovered with some 

 rse manure to keep it moist. The American 

 ieties do not take root as readily as the foreign 

 _;, hut hoth will grow with case. As cuttings 

 Ive but small shoots the first yehr, it is well 

 over them up the first winter, after which 

 the American and most of the European vines 

 ;ndme tiie winters in this district without 

 covered. — Gcncste Farmer. 



TRIMMING ROOTS OF FRUIT TREBS. 



GtorgeTowii, (D. C.) M monlli, WM. 



Namesake. — The great benefit of thy extensive 

 Journal is, to comnuinicato results ; and the more 

 Intensive its circulation, of course the more bcn- 

 elioial its effects will be ; and especially, if every 

 man trill do his duhj ; (as it has been said Joh^ 

 Bur.L, or some of his suhjecrs, had rcqnire(" 



The Skisoii. — It may he a matter of some inter- 

 est with some of our readers to compare the for- 

 wardness of the spring in successive years. In 

 1828, the work cf gardening began on the third 

 week in April. I'each trees were in blossom cJn 

 the 28th. 



In 1829, front yards with a southern aspect, 

 were green on the first of April. — On the 7tli, the 

 frost was still in tin; ground in the open fields. 

 Gardening began on the fourth week of the month. 



men.) Then eaidi agriculturist may be put in , but no trees were in blossom till Alay. 

 po.-session of the best mode hitherto reduced to l,, 1830, the spring was very early. — It commen 



practice, in most, or al 



h 



IMPROVEMENT OF CORN. 

 The Editor of the American Farmer, has been 

 eral years in tlie habit of improving corn by 

 ising different varieties, with decided advantage. 

 f he has a vUriety with small ears, which he 

 ms good in other respects, he plants it in the 

 s with another kind with \arge ears that flowers 

 he same time ; and at the lime of the tassels 

 earing, earefnlly cuts away the male flowers (or 

 lels) of the large eared kind. By this operation 

 ;e ears are produced of the small eared kind. — 

 we are some kinds of early corn which, thougli 

 client in other respects for green corn are very 

 h injured by the coloring matter in their red 

 i. This he attempted to remedy last summer 

 Uxansferring the corn from the red to the white 

 in the same w.ay and he thinks with success, 

 iplanted som'e of the red cob Tuscarora, which 

 hinks the best early green corn, in the rows 

 the largest eared while cob sugar corn he 

 Jld find, about half and half. As the tassels of 

 sugar corn made their appearance, he 

 fully cut them away, leaving the whole to be 

 plied by the pollen from the tassels or male flow- 

 of the red cob Tuscarora. The result was 

 nadthe Tuscarora corn on the white cob of the 

 larcorn as he desired. From his experiments 

 Editor concludes, that any variety of corn may 

 at pleasure thus transferred to the cob of any 

 3r variety that flowers at the same time, and 

 t if a large eared kind can be found that flow- 

 at the proper time, the smallest eared kind may 

 made to produce large ears by the above pro- 

 I. He has not e.\tended his experiments to 

 improvement of the cob of field corn ; but, has 

 ioubt, that by the same process, the thick cob 

 ome kinds may be improved. Suppose the thick 

 kind were planted in the row with some other 

 ; usually has a small cob, and the tassels of the 

 er cut off as above directed, would not the de- 

 d variety of corn be obtained on the small cob .' 

 'Im.ericaii Farmer. 



the various brauclies of 

 iiusbandry, and at the small expense of the Anieii- 

 can Farmer. And again, each one may examine 

 for liimself, and see, ivlielher the crops which he 

 cultivates, are the best which can be adapted to his 

 soil and condition. 



But to the sxdiject ; trim before you idant. On 

 the 6th day of 4th mo. 1830, a near neighbor and 

 myself, had eaoli a nice young apricot tree sent ns : 

 lie took choice ; they were then in bloom ; we each 

 planted our trees in puddle— that is, we took rich 

 earth, about such as would be consiflered a good 

 garden soil, and made it so limber tcitk water that 

 ii would just run and when we set out the trees in 

 the holes prepared for them, poured the puddle on 

 the roots until they were covered, then filled the 

 holes up nearly even full, with the earth that had 

 been taken out ; the trees were planted about nine 

 inches deep. The only difference in our mode of 

 planting was this : he planted his just as it came 

 to hand ; I trimmed oflf all that portion of the end 

 of each root, that appeared to have become dry by 

 exposure to the atmosphere ; (the trees were about 

 one inch diameter, brought from the same nursery, 

 and carried about three miles ; ) now see the result. 

 :\Iy tree did not appear to have suflTered the very 

 least by the removal. RIy neighbor's tree was 

 sick, and seemed as though it would die until late 

 in the season, then it revived and became green, 

 and looked healthy. 



I considered this a very plain case : and thought 

 it one that might be useful to some of the readers 

 of the American Farmer — it ma;i be to alt. Every 

 one will see, that the ends of the roots, no matter 

 how small, are in fact the mouths that take in the 

 nourishment of the tree ; and, that if these, by ex- 

 posure to the atmosphere, become dry, they of 

 course lose their tone, they cannot operate ; conse- 

 quently the tree must suffer for the want of food 

 —and the only remedy is, that the tree must throw 

 out new roots, which according to the course of 

 nature, will each have its mouth, and thus the tree 

 is enabled again to gather food. But if the roots 

 are all trimmed of!" to the fresh wood, then each 

 one will perform its jiroper function, and the tree 

 sustain very little or no injury by a removal — and 

 it may be at almost any season of the year. 

 Very respectfully thine, Gideon Davis. 



ced in March, but was afterwards checked by an 

 easterly wind which lasted with short intervals 

 from tlie last week in March, till the 14tli of April. 

 It was then mild till the 19;li when after a severe 

 frost on the morning, the mercury rose suddenly to 

 70 in the afternoon.— This was the signal for gar- 

 dening to begin. Peaches and cherries were in 

 full blossom on the 30th of April : apple and pear 

 trees were in full blossom on the 2d of May. 

 The nin-hts in May were however so cold, that 

 vegetation on the 1st of June was not farther ad- 

 vanced than in ordinary seasons. There were 

 severe frosts on the 10th, 11th and 21st of May. 



How this spring wiil cciiipare with others, re- 

 mains to be seen. Thus far it is early as the 

 earliest. Last year the weeping wilow began to pnt 

 out its leaves on the 4th of April. The same trees 

 began to be in leaf on the 4th of this year.— Spring- 

 Jield Rep. 



Preserved Butter. —h^ the summer of 1827, I 

 had presented tome a piece of butter 21 years old 

 and which to taste and smell, was as fine and 

 sweet as the day it was churned and for aught 

 I know, even sweeter, ' for it was the very cream of 

 butter.' It had been preserved under the following 

 i-ircumstanees. A farmer's wife during, very hot 

 weather, had put a large roll on a pewter plate, and 

 tied it over with a white napkin, and lowered it 

 into a- deep well to fit it for the table. In with- 

 drawing it, the string- broke, and it sunk to the 

 bottom. Twentyone years after, the well was 

 cleaned ; during the operation, it got loosed from 

 its imprisonment, rose and swam on the surface to 

 the no small annoyance and surprise of the man 

 who was in the well. It was carefully drawn up 

 as the egg of some land or sea serpent, but the good 

 wife soon laid the spook, and explained the myste- 

 ry. — Genesee Farmer. 



he aggregate subscription to the stock of the 

 eneetady and Saratoga railroad eompany is about 

 100,000. The capital is only $200,000, with 



privilege of increasing it to 5!300,000. The 

 imissioners met in this city on Saturday, for the 

 pose of distributing the stock, and we under- 

 id, apportioned it in about the following ratio, 



$75,000 in New York, $20,000 in Albany, 

 3,000 in Schenectady, and the residue in Sar- 

 ga Springs, Ballston, &c. — Albany Argus. 



Rail Roads. — One thousand bales of New Or- 

 leans Cotton were to have been drawn in 2 trains 

 on the 2d ult., on the Liverpool Railway. 

 Sampson & Goliath, appropriate names, were the 

 steam engines employed. It has been proposed, by 

 means of a small tube, on the line of the Liverpool 

 and Manchester Rad road to convey information 

 as quickly as in conversation. Herschel mentions 

 hearing a low whisper at the distance of 3120 feet, 

 through the water pipes of Paris. The Liverpool 

 Mercury tliinks articulate sounds could be distinctly 

 heard from one city to the other through similar 

 tubes, 



It was remarked by the Solicitor General at the 

 Supreme Court in Springfield last week, that he 

 found but one indictment in Worcester county, one 

 in Hampshire, and three in this county ; and in 

 other parts of the State, he had found the indict- 

 ments for crimes surprisingly diminished within 

 two years. He could ascribe this change in favor 

 of virtue and good order to no other cause than 

 the influence of Temperance Societies and the great 

 change in the consumption of ardent spirits. — 

 Springfield Rep. 



The Tartars have a singular manner of drawing 

 water from a great depth. A long rope, with a 

 large leathern hag (kept open at the mouth by 

 a iioo].,) is let down into the well: the end n 

 fastened to the saddle of a mounted Tartar, who 

 rides off, and by this means draws the water from 

 the well; a person in attendance empties the bag 

 while the horseman returns, and repeats the pro- 

 eessas often as may be required. 



