Vol. IX.—No. 45. 



AND IIOIITICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



857 



POLITENESS IN CHILDREN. 

 Ill politeness, as in many other things connected 

 ritli the fbrniation of character, people in frenerul 

 egin ont.side, when tirey should begin inside ; in- 

 tead of beg-innintj with the heart, and trusting that 

 form the manners, they begin with the maiineis, 

 d trust the heart to clianee influences. The gold- 

 rule contains t.'ie very life and soul of pdlitcness. 

 bildren may be taught to make a graceful courtesy, 

 •a gentlemanly bow,— but, unless they have like- 

 ise been tauglit to abhor what is selfish, and always 

 ^efer another's comfort and pleasure to their own, 

 eir politeness will be entirely artificial, and used 

 ily when it is their interest to use it. On the other 

 :nd, a truly benevolent, kind-hearted person will 

 ways be distinguished for what is called ' native 

 liteness,' though enli.ely ignorant of the conven- 

 inal forms of society. 



I by no means think graceful manners of small 

 portance. They are the outward form of refine- 

 nt 111 the mind, and good affections in the heart; 

 d as such must be lovely. But when the form e.\- 

 3 without the vital principle within, it is as cold 

 i lifeless as flowers carved in marble. 

 Politeness, either of feeling or of manner, can ne- 

 • be taught by set maxims. Every-day influence, 

 unconsciously exerted, is all important in forming 

 characters of children ; and in nothing more im"- 

 •tant than in their manners. If you are habitually 

 ite, your children will become so, by the mere 

 ;e of imitation, without any specfic directions on 

 subject. Your manners at home should always 

 sucli as you wish your family to have in compa- 

 Polileness will then be natural to them ; they 

 possess it without thinking about it. But when 

 ;ain outward observances a~re urged in words, as 

 ortant only because they make us pleasing, they 

 ■ inie an undue importance, and the unworfhiness 

 he motive fosters selfishness. Besides, if our 

 manners are not habitually consistent with the 

 s we give, they will he of little avail ; they will 

 II probability be misunderstood, and will certain- 

 B forgotten. I, at this moment, recollect an an- 

 Bte, which plainly shows thai politeness cannot 

 Biuffled on at a moment's warning, like a gar- 

 It long out of use. A worthy, but s^omewhat'iul- 

 iwonian, residing in a secluded villa<;e, expected 

 •it from strangers of some distinction. On the 

 of the occasion, she called her children togeth- 

 nd said, ' After I have dressed you up, you^nust 

 9ry still, till the company comes; and then you 

 be sure to get up and make your bows and 

 tesies ; and you must mind and say '• Yes, 

 m," and " No, ma'am"— " Yes, sir," and " jNo, 

 thank yon.'" The visiters arrivea — and the 



young. These evils, so naturally growing out of llAlLVVAYrf &c 



their issoiated situation, would seldom gain power The mi.nber of e.i^-iiies m^w on the line of the 

 over he old ifthey were accus-omed to gentleness, Liverpool n.ilwav, all of wliici, an- made bv 

 attention, and deference from the young ; they would ,.• c. i r. '"""-" »"• "laue uy 



be softened by juvenile love, and cheered by juvenile 1 ^"'^'^^^ btepheiison, Esq. i!ie cdelnated engineer 

 L'ayety. Such intercourse sheds a quiet brightness i "'"'«'■ whose superintenilence llie read whs con- 

 on the decline of life, like sunshine on a weather- j structed is 19, and it is expected lli.it several others 

 beaten tree, or a moss-covered dwelling. What is j ^'H be placed upon it in a few weeks. With re- 

 Ihere on earth more beautiful than an aged person ' spect to the conveyance of goods the railw ly most 

 full of content a nd bene v olence .? j fully answers the expectaiimi of the dirertors.— 



a I !■ Tiu n c i ^ . ■ More goods me conveyed by the coiiiiianv than bv 



.in InveyUwn.—The Banner of the Constitution „ii ,i ■ ^ , , ^""i|i''''y 'i'"" "y 



describes a machine moved by a steam engine for l'« ^^n-Vi'ig bnns who ply hetwcen Manchester 



planing, grooving and tongiiing boards. A rough 



Liverpool. The journeys willi 



ids are iiiva- 



pine board is placed on a platform, or carpenter's | 'i-'bly performed in an liuiir and a halt, in order 

 bench, and drawn under a cylinder, to which are ['I"" tbey may not obsinict the carriages with pas- 

 atKxed a number of knives, which, revolving with | sengers. The extraordinary speed with which 



dis- 

 of 



board and a tongue on the other, by the application of ii'equency of the journeys made by these ma. 



other stationary tools. In about forty seconds a rouo-h 

 board is fitted to belaid dovvn in a floor, having this 

 advantage over one planed by hand, that it .,a3 a 

 thickness, uniform even to mathematical exactness 

 w ith all the others, so that, not only is it better cal- 

 culateil to make a solid floor, from its evenness, but 

 the tongues and grooves all fit with perfect precision. 

 In this manner board follows board in rapid succes- 

 sion, without any stopping of the machinery, and 

 when each reaches the end of its journey it is push- 

 ed by the machine out of a window, where it gently 

 slides down an inclined plane into the yard^ from 

 which it is hauled away to its final destination. The 

 most which this machine has yet accomplished is 

 five hund.-ed boards in a day, fourteen feet long, and 

 from one to twelve inches wide. It requires two 

 men, or one man and one boy to attend it. A good 

 day's work of a man with the hand plane, is twenty 

 boards per day. 



chines, the craving of the public seems sliU undi- 

 minished. The facilities aflorded to coiiiiiierce by 

 ihe railway, are strikingly appan lit from the fact 

 that the entire cargo of an Anierieaii vessel, from 

 Charleston, S. C., laden with rolion, arrived at 

 i.laiichester within a hundred liiinutes after being 

 discharged. 



ren, seated together like 'four and twenty lit- 

 3gs all <if a row,' uprose at once, bobbed their 

 and courtesies.and jabbered over, ' Yes, ma'am 

 na'am. Yes, sir, No, sir, I thank you, There,— 

 er, now we 've done it !' 



POLITENESS TO THE AGED. 



thing tends to foster tne genuine politeness, 

 ii Springs from good feeling, so much as scru- 

 s attention to the aged. There is something 

 mely delightful and salntarv in the free and 

 ,' intercourse of the old and young. The fresh- 

 ind enthusiasm of youth cheers the dreariness 

 re; and age can return the benefit a hundred 

 y its mild maxims of experience and wisdom. 

 s country youth and age are too much sejiara- 

 the }oung flock together, and leave the old to 

 lelves. We seem to act upon the principle 

 iiere cannot be sympathy balween these two 

 mes of life ; whereas there may be in fact, a 

 charming sympathy— a symnathv more produc- 

 f mutual benefit than any other 'in the world. 

 3 aged, from the loneliness of their situation, 

 ant of active employment, and an enfeebled 

 of health, are opt to look upon the world with 

 )my eye; and sometimes their gloom is not un- 

 with biiterness: hence arises the complaint of 



Important Inventirjnfor Miintifaciurers. — Napo- 

 boil oflTerecl a preniiuin of three millions of francs 

 to the person who should discover some miterial 

 the production of France, that shoiilil in all re- 

 spects answer as a Riibstilute for indigo. Ill con- 

 sequence of this stimulus, M. .Soiicbon, a practical 

 chemist and dyer, expended a fortune in experi- 

 ments which finally resulted in the discovery of a 

 method for fixing the cohjr of prnssiate of iron, 

 ^ '^vpu more iierriiaiiently than indigo hhie. With 



Discovery.— U is found that every loaf of bread in this preparation he has succeeded in ,\uvs ffreen 



the process of baking gives out about two ounces of lijue black and Idick ni ■^n ,.y, .,.„».. «ri„1 ' 



smrit in the form of vapor. A method has been con- „,,' one . h n of r r r ' '", "" 



trived of constructing ovens in such a manner as to | !!'..''.'.' "'^ """ "''"'1',?° c^'lo.s,a„d said to 



save this spirit. 



It is a Coincidence worthy of note that at the 



same time that a discovery was announced, which 



is calculated to increase so prodigiously the quantity 



of distilled spirit, Mr John Sullivan, civil Engineer, 



has found that spirit is the readiest, surest andcheap- 



est means of igniting anthracite coal. In steamboats, 



factories and even in private houses this may be 



very important. 



A Sea Eagle. — About a month ago the game- 

 keeper at Davenham Hall, Cheshire, the seat of J. H. 

 Harper, Esq. observed a remarkably large bird seated 

 on one ofthe highest trees in the pa'rk. Hefiredatit, 

 and the bird was mortally wounded. On approachimr 

 it, he found that it was a sea eagle of extraordinary 

 size, as well as beautiful in form and plumage. From 

 the tin of one wing to that of the other, "when ex- 

 tended, it measured nearly nine feet. This great 

 curiosity has been presented to the Natural History 

 Society, Manchester, and now enriches the museum, 

 it being the finest specimen of the sea eagle which 

 the Society possesses. 



A few days since a Catholic clergyman residing 

 in this city, called at the residence of a gentlemen", 

 and inquired ofthe servant if he was at home. On 

 being answered in the negative, he asked for the 

 lady of the house, and on her presenting herself, he 

 observed— 'Madam, are you the lawful wife of Mr 



?' She replied affirmatively, when he handed 



to her a small sum of money which he said, he was 

 instructed to pay to her husband, or his legal rep- 

 resentatives — being the amount of which^he had 



in every respect equally fine and perma- 

 nent. 



We learn that Mr Arnold Biiffou of this state, 

 during his residence at Paris, effected a contract 

 with M. Soiicbon, for the comiiiunicatioii ofthe pro- 

 cess to him, to he introduced into the United States j 

 ami that he has recently received a full explanation 

 ofthe method by which this important desideratum 

 is effected. 



The colors are said to resist the action of both 

 acids and alkali^, and when worn for years {as we 

 have seen stated by a mercantile bouse of high 

 slandiug in Paris,) will present no whitened appear- 

 ance on the aeaiiis, orat the pocket and button 

 holes of garments, the colors there remaining un- 

 changed — Providence Amtrican. 



Fexundityof Fish.'— Kighl or ten years since, half 

 a dozen small pickerels were put into the Cnbb- 

 osspcnnte, none of whose tributaries before con- 

 tained any, and now all the ponds and streams 

 connecte.l wiib it swim with these fish. Within the 

 last year thousands have been taken and yet they 

 appear tn be on the increase. Yesterday we saw 

 40 or 50 very fine ones — one of which weighed 5 

 poumis— all taken by one individual in 2 or 3 hours 

 — Gardiner, J)le. paper. 



Charroa! for Hams. — A writer in the American 



_ __ , r"arnierreconiiiii!tidsto pack Hams, after they have 



been defrauded by a person in his employ. The i ''een smoked, in pounded charcoal. It keeps out 



harshness and asperity toward the Ibllieaof ili^ SS!-V^ ^^1:^°"' ^'^'"= ""^ '""^•"^ I ^I^to ^^r^nt •''^'"" ^'"'^" '"1 'r^'T" 



taste too otten luund in hams exposed for sale. 



