Vol. iX.— No. 46. 



AND irORTICUl/niUAL JOURNAt.. 



363 



it half piist 7 o'orliick ilio iiiciciirv stoinl in tin; 

 ioil«r lit 144 :iiiil ill tlic luiiMli: of ilio reservoir it 

 mod n: IIG— tint ii|ii>ii iis being jMt to llie iiioiitli 

 if Ihe pipe it ros.; to 120. 



The iiiuler pipe was now warm as fiir liack as the 

 iciitre towanls ihe hniler. The top of the rescr- 

 roir bein^ open ihiriiii; ihe ivhole pniee>s ol' heat- 

 ng, yon eoiilil mu: ihe nuiveineiit ol the hot water 

 roiii the upper pipe into ilie re.-iervoir alter the 

 loiler liail atiuined the uniperature of 120, — ihe 

 leat of the lower pipe hail ineriMseil so inncli 

 hat 1 was saiistied there was im difl'ienlly to he 

 .pprehendi'd, and heiiij; tronMed wiili rlieninatis'ii, 

 he evening air h: iiig- cold, I leCt my gar'eiier 

 o waleli its proo-ress, and to report to mu the 

 ext morning, which he did asfiilliiws: 



Soon after I hfl him he went to his supper and 



f'undon his reinrii tlie fire had hnriit ihuvn, lint 

 as renewed and kept np milil ihc temperature of 

 he water in the boiler was 176, anri that in the 

 eservoir 156, — this was a little afrer 2 o'elock. 

 ie upper pipe Was now very hot, and ihe lower one 

 iving out heat ilironghniit its whole extent. Sonn 

 fier, the fire was allowed to go out, whiidi it did 

 ery readily, as it was .<iipported only hy pine chips 

 lid some half rotten chesiiiit po is that had been 

 ut of the ground a few days previmis. The next 

 lorniiig at half past five, 1 found the temperature 

 fthe boiler, at 88 ; this, considering the ojten state 

 F the house, and especially over the boiler, was 

 iglier than I expected to fiml it, particularly as 

 ie night air was quite cold. — Ilarl the bouse 

 ieii closed, it would li;ive made a great difl'ereiice 

 the temperature of the aiiiaiaiiis in the inorn- 

 ,g, — the water in the boiler would have been 

 ■sated sooner, and of course that in the reservoir 

 id the pipes would have been .sooner in a state 

 cominimieale warmth to the house, bad the 

 Id air been excluded. 



I think, when the house is closed at both ends, 

 e boiler may he raised to 185 or 190 degrees 

 two hours, at wliicli time a peck or a peck and a 

 If of Lehigh coal will keep np the heat during 

 •e winter nights of Jan'y and Feh'y.— The ob- 

 :tion to the large boilers is, the time taken to 

 at so largo a body of water ; but it must be 

 collected that during the whole time of its heat- 

 J, it communicates a portion of its caloric to the 

 use— first to that part nearest the boiler, and 

 bscquently to the other I'nd. as the heat increases 

 the reservoir; so that the fuel employed in 

 ating is not lost entirely at any time ; for long 

 fore the whole apparatus is heated, the tomper- 

 ■e of the house will be found to have changed; 

 leed, all the heat which is communicated to the 

 .ter must be given out again ; and as it has no 

 ;ape but into the house, the air or the tcmpera- 

 ■e of the air therein, must be rising from the 

 iment heat is felt in the boiler. 

 Another reason for preferring large boilers and 

 go pipes to small ones is, first, that where a 

 ge body of water is heated, it takes a much 

 iger time to cool it than it does to cool a small- 

 volume, during all which time it is giving out 

 beat into the house.— 2. When a large bndy of 

 ter is heated, asmall quantity of coal will keep up 

 ! heat, so that the gardener may retire to bis rest 

 full confidence of finding his house in "ood heat 

 the morning, — in this point of view it has a 

 ;at advantage over brick flues ; as it frequently 

 ppens that gardeners are obliged to set up half 

 I night to watch and renew their fires in the 

 Iter season, when their houses are heated bv 



tills means. Besides, brick (lues cool very soon 

 alter llio fire has gone d<iwii, whereas, a large 

 body (if hot water will cominiii! in give out heat 

 many hours mI'icm- the fire is extinguished. 



Another important advantage in heating with 

 hot water is the saving of fuel ; — a house 80 feet 

 long requires two furnaces, and two lines, each 40 

 feet, to keep up an equal heat at both ends of the 

 house ; and it is difficult to heat these sufficiently 

 with Lehigh coal, at their extremities. — Wlicrcas 

 by the hot water process yon require but one fur- 

 nace, and the whole coirsiiinption of coal must be 

 much less in this, than in one of the furnaces 

 attached to brick flues, because these, to be heated 

 to any e.Ktonl, require a strong draught, which of 

 course consumes the fuel with rapidity ; but when 

 this fuel is applied to the healing of a kettle, set 

 over a well and judiciou.-ly constructed fire place 

 and smoke flues, there is no waste or loss of fuel, as 

 moderate draft only is required. 



Another very important reason in favor of largo 

 boilers and large pipes is the extent of surface 

 from which heat is given out into the house ; and 

 when compared with any single brick flue it is as 

 33 to 18; for instance, the pipes in my house 

 each present a surface of 16 inches, making 33 

 inches surface together. Now the largest size 

 tiles which are used here, at least the largest that 

 1 have seen, are 12 inches square ; an inch on each 

 side lodges on the brick, of course they present 

 only a surface of 10 inches on the top, from which 

 heat is given out freely. — I5eside this there arc 4 

 inches on each side of the flue, where the bricks 

 stand edgewise ; this added to the ten on the top 

 makes 18 inches. — The pipes therefore present 83 

 per cent more surface than the flue, through which 

 heat is communicated to the house, to say nothinn- 

 of the surface of the top of the boiler, and the top 

 and sides of the reservoir, which added to the 

 pipes, would make 100 per cent in favor of the hot 

 water system on the single point of medium through 

 which t!ic boat is communicated. 



Under this view of the subject, I cannot but 

 think that heating hot houses, vineries, &c, by the 

 application cf hot water is more efficacious, more 

 certain and uniform, and more economical than 

 heating by brick flues. 



I shall, v/henever tny house is closed in, make 

 another trial of the apparatus, and a further re- 

 port on its effects, and in the moan time 1 remain 

 respectfully. 



Your obedient servant. 



Samuel G. Perkins. 



Tlie very important discovery of distributing 

 heat throughout the most extensive Green Houses, 

 and Vineries, by the means of boiling water, is 

 destined to have a very favorable influence, on the 

 horticulture of all countries, situated beyond the 

 tro|)ics. In Great Briiaiii, the experiment has 

 been made with complete success, and we are 

 much indebted to Mr Perkins fiir having made 

 the apparatus known in this country, by a practi- 

 cal application, on a large scale. There cannot 

 be a doubt, that hot water will be universally 

 adopted, as a substitute for steam and hot air flues, 

 to heat Green Houses and Vineries, while the 

 former, will be combined with ihe apparatus, as 

 the best mode of irrigating the foliage of plants^ 

 requiring ])rotecti(>n. 



It is understood that Col. T. H. Perkins, who 

 is erecting a Peachery, Vinery and Green House 

 within bia magnificeut grounds at Brooltliiie, 280 



lect ill length, intends to heat the whole range 

 vviili hut water, in the manner so ^uceessfully 

 ailopted by his brothir. He has a Vinery 300 

 leet long, which was built some years since, warmed 

 and irrigiitcd by steam. 



It is cheering to bebolJ the rapid increase of 

 Green Houses and Vineries, in all the beautiful 

 villages which surround our capital. Within threo 

 years from lilieeii to twenty have been erected, 

 and others are in progress. VVliilc gentlemen of 

 fortune thus embellish their country seats, practi- 

 cal gardeners find them profitable appei.dages to 

 their establisliiiients ; as the sale of Ihe flowers 

 and fruits, which they are enabled to cultivate 

 afl[iirds an ample remuneration for the expense 

 of the edifices and the labor of superintending 

 them. 



Respectfully submitted, by 



II. A. S. DEARBORN. 



Vres. Mass. llort. Sac. 



( llnrticiillurni Hall, 



I Siiluiilii)', Miiy ai, 1831. 



This being the day appointed by the Committee 

 for awarding Ihe premium on Tulips, Ihe number 

 and beauty of the floviers exceeded that of any 

 [irevious exhibition. 



Fine speidmens of tulips were exhibited by 

 II. A. S. Dearborn, of Koxbury, Z. Cook, Jr, 

 of Dorchester, John Prince, of Ro.xbury, P. D. 

 Hovey, of Camhridgeport, S. Walker, of Rox- 

 biiry, D. Haggerston, of Cliarlestown, Otis 

 Pettee, of Nevvlon, Riifus Howe, of Dorchester, 

 Charles Lawrence, of Salem. 



A branch of the doikble flowering hawthorn 

 from the garden of John Prince, Esq. was par- 

 ticularly ailmired. 



Rich bunches of Flowers from the gardens of 

 Henry A. S. Dearborn, Z. Cook, Jr, and Charles 

 Tappaii, 



From Olis Pettee of Newton, a fine specimen 

 nf double rose colored Pae;)iiy and Calla tethiopica. 

 An Orange branch with fruit from E. G. Austin. 

 P. I!. Hovey exhibited many fine specimens of 

 Ruiuincultis for premiuiu. 



iMessrs Winships from the nursery at Brighton, 

 exhibited a fine collection of hardy shrubs and 

 herbaceous plants, including five distinct varieties 

 of Lilac, and the beautifiil shrub Lonicera tar- 

 larica, or upright Tartarian Honeysuckle. This 

 varii!ty of Honeysuckle is one of tlie most orna- 

 mental shrubs which can be introduced into a 

 garden, being perfectly hardy, of vigorous growth, 

 and covered at this season, with the most delicate 

 and interesting pink flowers. 



The standing Committee on Ornamental Trees, 

 Shrub.s and Flowers, award the premium on Tu- 

 lips to Mr David Haggerston of the Charlestown 

 Vineyard. R. L. Emmons, Chairman^ 



May, 21 1831. 



Members admitted Mat 21, 

 J. M. Brown, 

 Edward Motley, 

 William W. Wheelwright, 

 Lot Wli(!clwriglit, Jr. 

 Amos Lawrence, 

 Jo.seph Russell, 

 Josiah Quincy, Jr. 

 Henry Sheafe, 

 John Gray, 

 Jacob Bender, 

 Ezekiel D. Dyer^ 

 George Read,. 



1831. 

 Boston^ 



Roxbury. 



