i^l Vol. IX No. 4'; 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



873 



glit to be a iiriiici|i;il oliji-ct willi ovoi'v lanuci-; 

 d il" this l)e not cari'l'iilly nttciuled to, Im iiiaj- 

 it assured of paying dearly for his iicjilect. But 

 ( losses whieh he siifTers, do not remedy the in- 

 y which the public sustains (Voni Ins slovenly 

 iduct. Tlie regulations, therefore, wliioli have 

 II siijjgested, may be considered as both oxpedi- 

 aiul necessary ; for were they adopted, it is evi- 

 iit, that many of the evils alluded to would be 

 noved,and the wealth and agricultural resour- 

 i of the nation, materially augmented. — Sinclair's 

 dc of .igricullurc. 



From llic iNew York I''ariner. 



MANGEL WURTzlilL AND RUTA BAGA. 



The committee of the Massachusetts Agricul- 

 al Soctiely for 1S30, awarded the premium of 

 for -Mangel Wurtzel, to Mr Gideon Foster, of 

 arlestown. By measurement JMr F. had 1413 

 sliels to the acre ; and by weight, allowing .50 lbs. 

 the bushel, he bad 1512 bushels, or 86,455 lbs. 

 wards of fortythree tons. When it is taken into 

 isideration that our stock is fed on preserved 

 der for about six months in the year, the impor- 

 ccof such a crop as food for cattle, cannot be too 

 hly estimated by the farmer. I agree with 

 I, Mr Editor, that many farmers, by no means 

 ow sound sense, nor regard the voice of nature 

 en they confine their stock throughout almost the 

 ole winter on dry hard fodder. In almost every 

 •t of Long Island,! have known farmers to feed 

 . to their milch cows, winter after winter, nothing 

 : salt hay and bottom cornstalks; and in' the 

 nmer, to confine them to pasture without a sfli- 



particle of salt during the whole grazing sea- 

 ;. Such treatment cannot be otherwise than 

 judicial to tlic health and the development of 



desirable properties of a milch cow. Ifhe 

 cticeof giving succulent food to cows and sheep 

 iiore common now than a few years past. The 

 3ntion of agriculturists in most parts of the 

 and, is confined to potatoes and turnips. It is 

 ; impression among us, that mangel wurtzel, su- 

 r beets, parsnips and carrots require more labor 

 i are attended with greater expense than |)ota- 

 s, turnips, corn, and English hay. But the above 

 nmittee say that ' no climate is b'itter adapted 

 m ours, for mangel wurtzel, sugar beets, (the 

 (St nutritions of the two, and equally productive) 

 a baga, common tinnips, carrots, parsnips and 

 tatoes — and of all these, cattle are very fond, 

 d most if not all of them, form the most whole- 

 iie food of sheep and swine. ' We have, 

 lerally, it is believed, had the idea that much 

 )re labor and skill are necessary in cultivating 

 mgel wurtzel, sugar beets, and ruta baga, than for 

 rn and potatoes. This notion is natural enough, 

 cause we have attended to their culture much 

 re than the former. But we have in this report, 

 we had in tlie report of the last year, the tcsti- 

 ]ny of a practical and nice observer, the Rev. 

 r Colman, who, in speaking this year of the 

 ta baga, says ; — ' the whole from the sowing to 

 5 gathering, was not tti-o thirds of the labor usually 

 stowed in planting, cultivating, and gathering an 

 re of potatoes.' 



Mr Foster's ground was manured with about 

 jht cords of compost manure, and ploughed in 

 'lit inches deep. The seed was sown about the 

 Ih of May, in rows, twentytwo inches apart. 

 le soil was kept mellow and free from weeds. 

 Is now the season for farmers to make prepa- 

 ;ions for the next ^yiuter's provision for their live 



stock. Let every Long Island fanner have a good 

 supply of succulent food — and let this be judicioiLsly 

 giv(-n out in connexion with his salt hay, cut straw 

 and corn-stalks. This done, an increased quantity 

 of milk, and an improved appearance in milch 

 cows, will bo the consequence. 



By the same report, 1 perceive the Rev. llem'y 

 Colman obtained the premium of $20 for bis fine 

 crop of ruta baga. Allowing 56 lbs. to the bushel 

 he had 903 busliels to the acre. On the supposition 

 that the whole expense of this crop, was not 

 greater than would be t!ie culture of an acre of 

 wheat, the advantages are easily perceived. Ruta 

 baga usually sell in New York, from 19 to 44 cents 

 the bushel. Allowing 2t) cents, the above crop 

 would amount \o $180 60. The land on liOng Isl- 

 and does not generally produce over 25 bushels per 

 acre — anounting at $1 20 to $30 00. The land on 

 this Island, well manured and the crop well tilled, 

 will yield equal to that of Massachusetts. I am 

 fully ofthe opinion that the farmers on the greater 

 part of this Island do not pay sufficient attention 

 to the cidtivation of succulent crops as food for their 

 stock, and with a view of supplying the New York 

 market. E. L. 



CIDER. 



The rules on which making ffood sugar depends, 

 are careful straining and cleanliness. With equal 

 propriety it may be said, that good cider depends 

 on the observance of the same rules — the juice 

 carefully strained from the pulp. It has long been 

 our opinion that too much carbonic acid is suffered 

 to escape during fermentation producing either too 

 much alcohol i:r acetic acid. We i)erceive some 

 of the best cider makers recommend the prevention 

 of the escape of carbonic acid gas by laying light 

 substances, such as cloths or leaves on the bung 

 hole, while the liquid is under fermentation. 



Painl for Garden Fences, Out Houses, Eaves 

 Troughs, S,-c. — Melt over a slow fire in an iron pot 

 or kettle, two lbs. of rosin and one lb. of roll 

 brimstone ; when perfectly liquefied, add slowly 

 three gallons of train or fish oil, and when |)erfectly 

 incorporated, add Spanish brown, Venetian red, 

 yellow ochre, or any other dark color, till of suffi- 

 cient consistency to cover wood of a uniform col- 

 or ; use it warm with a brush , and when dry 

 give it a second coat, and you will have a paint that 

 weather is incapable of affecting. It takes longer 

 to dry than common paints, but if rightly managed 

 usually becomes hard in five or six days. — Gene- 

 see Fanner. 



J'^rpcnscs of the Slnle. — We make tlio following 

 extract from an arlich; in the last Springfield Re- 

 publican: — 



The amount of expenrliture for Massachusetts, is 

 stated by the .\'o7-lhum.pton Commiltee to be about 

 $293,000 ; and for the other five N. E. States, 

 $244,000. Now if the system of expenditure is 

 the same in all these,- States, the comparison is just; 

 otherwise it is not. But the system is not the same. 

 None of these states provide for foreign paupers : 

 none of tkem have such a system of legislation ; 

 most, if not all of them, support their judicial estab- 

 lishment by fees paid hij those tvlio go to Court, and 

 not as hcfre, out of ihe State Treasury. And they 

 differ in several other respects. To institute a fair 

 comparison, we must deduct from Massachusetts 

 the following items. 



For State paupers $70, 000 



" Agricultural Societies 5,000 



" Land agency 1,620 



" Extraordinary legislation 50,000 



" Criminal proceedings 30,290 



Deduct from 



•■•156,910 

 292,000 



13 5,590 

 So that the expenditures of Massacliusetts, upon 

 the system of the other New England States, 

 would be $135,000, which deducted from .$244,000 

 the expenditure of those States, leaves $108,000, 

 balance in our favor, instead of $50,000, against 



It was remarked by the Solicitor General at the 

 Supreme Court in Springfiekf last week, that he 

 found but one indictment in Worcester county, ona 

 in Hampshire, and three in this county ; and in 

 other parts of the State, he had found the indict- 

 ments for crimes surprisingly diminished within 

 two years. He could ascribe this change in favor 

 of virtue and good order to no other cause than 

 the influence of Temperance Societies and the great 

 change in the consumption of ardent spirits. — 

 Spi-ingfield Rep. 



Horse Bwefoot. — ]Many of our readers (says the 

 New Bedford Gazette) recollect that Admiral Sir 

 Isaac Coffin sent four elegant horses from England 

 to Brighton, witii a view that the bree<l in his native 

 state might be improved. One of those horses. 

 Barefoot, we understand, left Providence on Sun- 

 day, the 15th inst. for New York, where he 'is to 

 be shippcrl to England to run a race for sixti/ thou- 

 sand dollars. Our informant, Fwho saw him on 

 board the steandjoat at Proviilence, and who has 

 seen many ofthe finest horses raised in this coun- 

 try, says Barefoot is by far the most beautiful and 

 splendid horse he ever saw. 



MORAL CHARACTER OF THE QUAKERS. 



Judge Mellen, in his charge to the Grand Jury 

 at the opening of the (iresent term of the Court 

 at Portland, Me. stated that in n practice of forty- 

 five years, in which he had been intimately ac- 

 quainted with the proceedings'of thejudicial Courts 

 in that part of the country, he had never known 

 but oneinstance in which a member of the Society 

 of Friends was arraigned at the bar as a criminal. 



Great JVatural Curiosity. — The brig Hardy, Cap- 

 tain Shirley, which arrived here 3d inst. from 

 Batavia, has on board a living female Odrang Out- 

 ANG. She has suffered much on the voyage and is 

 very sick. She is greatly affected by cold, and keeps 

 a blanket constantly wrapped about her. She has 

 been visited by Dr Smith, the Quarantine Physician, 

 who examined her, felthei pulse and ordered milk to 

 be given to her, which occasioned a temporary re- 

 vival of her spirits. She is still able to walk, al- 

 though she totters from weakness. When she 

 stands erect her hands nearly touch the ground. 

 She eats, drinks and spits, like a human being. 



This is the only successful attempt ever made, to 

 introduce one of these remarkable animals alive into 

 this country. Some years since, an Ourang Outang 

 was brought into port, but died in the harbor. The 

 skeleton has been frequently exhibited by Dr Smith, 



Chalhfor Calves. — To prevent the sco7irs in 

 young calves, a little chalk is recommended to be , aUiTs'l^nnuarAnVtomVcal" Lecture".— Bo^^^^^^^ 'Tran 

 put in the milk. I saipt. 



