Vol. IX — No..il. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



403 



wliicli siuiaiioii it lias since icmriinocl. Tlie ncci- 

 tlciit luis clicikc.l the {riowtli of tlio true, to bo 

 sure, but 1 tliiiiU it will recover. 



WINTER GBAI.V. 



If the following simple rules were universally fol- 

 lowed, lliore would bo a nmcli greater quantity of 

 Indi/in corn, and wiiucr w heat raised on old land 

 than what is g'own at present. Select a piece of 

 ground suitable for Indian corn and winter grain, 

 (and Uierc arc but few farms where such ground 

 cannot be found if properly managed) spread on 

 evenly 20 conuuon carl loads, or upwards, of sta- 

 ble and yanl manure to the acre, plough it in just 



3 inches deep and no more; harrow it length- 

 wise of the furrow, cross mark for the rows ,'3^ 

 feet for the small, or 4 feet for the large kind of 

 corn. Let the corn be properly tetnled by keep- 

 ing the ground loose with the plough and hoe, aiid 

 free from weeds, and if the season is not very 

 unpropitious you may safely calculate on a large 

 crop. But i( the ground is hard and stony so 

 that it cannot "be ploughed shallow as above re- 

 commended, then plough as shallow as possible, 

 and spread on the manure afterwards and liar- 

 row it in, and proceed as above directed, — tJie 

 crop will not probably disappoint yom- reasonable 

 expectations. As soon as the corn has become 

 ripe or too hard to roast, and if possible before 

 it is touched by a frost, cut it up, bind and carry 

 it out of the field, and shock it in the usual way. 

 If you have drawn the earth around your corn 

 into hills (which I would advise never lo do in inij 

 ease) harrow the hills down with a heavy harrow, 

 plough 3 inches ileep, and spread on evenly 



4 or 5 loads of well rotted manure and sow 3 

 pecks of good clean wheat to the acre, and plongh 

 it in with a light horse plough, aijd unless some- 

 thing disastrous happens, the summer following 

 your gamer may be filled with the finest of wheat. 

 The same directions will apply to ground planted 

 with potatoes. I would insure a crop sown on 

 ground thus managed for ten jier cent less than if 

 sown on a summer fallow in the ordinary way. 



Yours very respectfully 



Jno. Townsend. 

 ^ndover, Con. JunelS, 1831. 



eggs in the cells, as the hive in <inostii)n was one 

 into which the bees had been driven from one in- 

 fested with the worm — long after the season of 

 breeding was past — and too late to obtain a sup- 

 ply of lioney for the winter. 



Yours truly, S. W. 



J^orthampton, June 23rf. 



BEES. 



Mr Fbsse.nden — I have for the year past 

 been much interested in the culture of Bees, and 

 have been somewhat' interested in the discusion 

 of Drs Thacher, Smith, and others, and amused 

 with their theories. 



About the first of June I placed a fine swarm in a 

 dark room six feet square, over my wood house, to 

 prevent swarming and to be out of the way of 

 the motli, fifteen feet from the ground. Some 

 twenty or thirty bees found their vvay through a 

 crack in a door opening into a chamber, where I 

 bad laid by with other boxes an old hive partly 

 filled with comb, in which the bees had perislved 

 the last winter for want of food. — The bees coukl 

 not find their way back — and much to my sur- 

 prise, commenced clearing out the old hive which 

 had not contained a live bee since April. They 

 worked two days before I was aware of it. I open- 

 ed a window to permit them to escape. They con- 

 tinued to work lor three weeks, until I added to 

 them a sliiall swarm which I found hanging on a 

 tree. 1 would ask where these twenty bees obtain- 

 ed a queen — as we are told they icill not work with- 

 out on^. They could not, I think, have found any 



M.ISSACUL'SETTS IIORTICULTUHAI. SOCIETY. 

 Salutilay July 2, 1831. 

 FLOWERS EXIUBITED. 



From Messrs Winships of the Brighton Nur- 

 series, a handsome collection of flowers and a plant 

 of the dwarf Cape Jasmine. 



From D. Haggerston, five Carnations and a 

 plant of the Iloya Carnosa. 



Fine bunches of Flowers from the gardens of 

 Gen. Dearborn, Z. Cook, Jr, Samuel Downer, S. 

 Walker. 



Fine Carnations from Mr Thompson of Med- 

 ford. 



The following letters were read by the President. 

 One from Mr C. Perrv ; and one from Tii : Hold- 

 op Stevens, Esq. 



The vines and seeds will be distributed among 

 the members of the society on Saturday ne.xt atj; 

 11 o'clock. 



Dr James Mease of Philadel|)hia was elected 

 an honorary member. Mr Isaac Liverinore of 

 Boston, a subscription member. 



FRUIT. 



Saturday, July 9, 1831. 

 A box of white Antwerp and a box of lied 

 Antwerp Raspberries, of fine appeaiance, were 

 presented by Hon. II. A. S. Dearborn. 



A basket of large and fine Gooseberries, com- 

 prising five varieties, was presented by Mr S. 

 Walker of Roxbury. 



A box of Downer Cherries, very fair for the 

 season, was presented by Mr S. Downer. 



Two boxes of very fair Natural Cherries were 

 presented by IMr Aaron D. Weld of Roxbury. 

 S. Downer, Chairman pro tern. 



U.?. SliipUoucord, Malaga, April 22, 1831. 

 Gentlkjie.\ — By the brig Union, Capt. Wade, 

 I send a small box containing a few seeds from 

 Spain and the Islands of fllinorca, which I trust 

 will be acceiitable. 



It will afford me jreat pleasure to forward from 

 time to time, during my cruise, such plants and 

 seeds as I may be enabled to uollect. I have 

 already made arrangements for proguring some of 

 the young shoots of the Cork Tree, and hope to 

 succeed in getting them safely to the United States. 

 I am, gentlemen, most respectfully. 



Your friend and obedient servant, 



M. C. Perky. 



Messrs H. A. S. DiiiiBOnti.nnd ) 

 Zdoxdee Cook, Jr. Uoiiton. { 



U. S. Ship Ontario, Smyrna, Ist April, 1831. 

 Mv Dear Sir, — In conformity to the promise 

 made in the letter I took the liberty to address to 

 you by the brig Daniel Webster which departed 

 for Boston on the 18th ultimo, I now ship -to you 

 a box containing a quantity of the Cassabar 

 melon seed spokew of in that letter, and which 

 are undoubtedly geniune ; the same box contains 

 also some water melon seeds from the same 

 district and a portion of Pumpkin seed. I do not 

 know that either of these two latter kinds will be 

 found superior to our own, but they inuy prove 

 worth the trial of raising. I send you also a 

 barrel of grape cuttings, which having been selected 



and put in earth last fall and being now put forth, 

 may probably stand a better chance of surviving 

 the passage home ; they are of the following kinds 

 most esteemed here, viz. — Sultana, Lady's Finger, 

 Rosakie, Roundhitcs, Mouscata, Prunel's, (CUizo- 

 men) Currant and Black. 



I ship to you likewise two barrels of tho Wild 

 Olive Tree ; one of which you will oblige me by 

 re-shipping to Charleston, South Carolina, to the 

 address of my friond Gen. Robert Y. llaync, as no 

 direct opportunity offers from here. If the Olive 

 can succeed at all in our country (of which I have 

 much doubt,) it must be in a Soutnern section. 

 The invariable pnu-lice here I learn is to engraft the 

 Wild Olive after two or three years' growth, from 

 the domestic tree ; if we would succeed in culti- 

 vation we must adopt the same plan. The cuttings 

 can easily be procured hereafter, should we find 

 the Native Tree inclined to flourish with us. If 

 these reach you in preservation, and you are not 

 disposed to attenijit rearing them in our Northern 

 climate, [jermit me to suggest the propriety of 

 sending them to some agricultural friend in Florida, 

 the soil and climate most favorably adapted, prob- 

 ably, to the experiments of their cultivation. 



"The interest I feci in adding my mite to the 

 prosperity of our common country, will I trust 

 plead my excuse for the trouble I may impose on 

 you. 1 am Dear Sir, with high respect, 

 Your obedient servant, 



Th. Holdup Stevens, 



Comrnander. 

 General II. A. P. Deabburs, 

 Boslon, Alass. U. S. of America. 



From the N. Y. Farmer. 



Copy ofaLetlor from Tlinmaa William Coke, Esq. M. P. to Mr 

 John Fisher, in relereiice lo the Devonshire Cattle raised liy the 

 Messrs Uurlbul, of Con. 



IIivLKHAM, April 21, 1831. 



Sir, — I am this moment favored with your kind 

 letter, and most flattering account of the Devon 

 Oxen. It is to mo a pleasing reflection that I 

 was the first person that introduced them into 

 America through my friend Mr Patterson. I 

 thought then at that time, and I am still more con- 

 firmed in that opinion now, that they are the most 

 superior kind of cattle in this Island, if well select- 

 ed. But I beg to be understood, when I speak, 

 of the Devon.shire red Cattle, it is in praise of the 

 jYorth Devon Cattle, with yellow noses and indent- 

 ed foreheads, and yellow arounri their eyes, which 

 mark their character, beyond that of the Southern or 

 South Devons, which have black noses, or inter- 

 mixed with black. These 1 beg to be distinctly 

 understood not to recommend, or to be in any 

 way regommendcd by me, as a superior breed of 

 Cattle. 



Be so kind as to express my acknowledgments 

 to Mr Hurlbut, when you see him, and to assure 

 him that I shall be at all times most happy to show 

 liiin, or any of his American friends, should they 

 come to England, every attention in my power in 

 the Agricultural line. 



I remain Sir, your 



Oliliged, humble servant, 



Tho. William Coke. 



M. Fischer, of Vienna, has discovered a new 

 process of Bleaching Straw. Instead of smoking 

 it with sulphur as heretofore, he steeps it in the 

 vnij-iatic acid saturated with potash. Tho straw 

 bleached by this process never grows yellow, and 

 is equally white, besides that it acquires a great 

 iexibtiity. 



