No. 1. 



Tlie Galloway Heifer. 



17 



THE GALLOWAY HEIFER. 



This cat is the portrait of a beautiful heifer, deservedly called "The Queen of Scots," 

 bred by Mr. Nurie, and grazed by Mr. Wright, of Roughain, in Norfolk. The following 

 were her proportions: height of shoulder, 5 feet 2 inches; length from nose to ruinp, 10 

 feet 4 inches; width across the hip, 2 feet 6 inches; across the middle of the back, 3 feet; 

 across the shoulders, 2 feet 4 inches ; girth of leg below the knee, 8 inches ; distance of 

 breast from the ground, 1 foot 3 5 inches; width between the fore-legs, 1 foot 5 inches. 

 The weight was 190 stones, of 8 pounds, or 1520 pounds. She was exhibited at the 

 Smithfield cattle show, and her portrait engraved under the sanction of the club. 



The Galloway cattle are straight and broad in the back, and nearly level from the head 

 to the rump; round in the ribs, and also between the shoulders and the ribs, and the ribs 

 and the loins, and broad in the loin, without large projecting hook bones. In roundness of 

 barrel and fulness of ribs, they will compare with any breed, and also in the proportion 

 which the loins bear to the hook bones or protuberances of the ribs. The Reverend Mr. 

 Smith, the author of the Survey of Galloway, says, " When viewed from above, the whole 

 body appears beautifully rounded, like the longitudinal section of a roller." They are long 

 in the quarters and ribs, and deep in the chest, but not broad in the twist. The slightest 

 inspection will show that there is less space between the hook, or hip bones and the ribs, 

 than in most other breeds — a consideration of much importance ; for the advantage of 

 length of carcass, consists in the animal being well ribbed home, or as little space as pos- 

 sible lost in the flank. The Galloway is short in the leg, and moderately firm in the 

 shank-bones; the happy medium seems to be preserved in the leg, which secures hardi- 

 hood and a disposition to fatten. With the same cleanliness and shortness of shank, there 

 is no breed so large and muscular above the knee, while there is more room for the deep, 

 broad and capacious chest. He is clean, but not fine and slender, and well proportioned in 

 the neck and chaps — a thin and delicate neck would not correspond with the broad shoul- 

 ders, deep chest, and close, compact form of the breed ; the neck of the Galloway bull is 

 thick, almost to a fault; the head rather heavy, the eyes not prominent, the ears large, 

 rough, and full of long hairs on the inside. The skin of the Galloway is loose, mellow, 

 and clothed with long, soft, silky hair ; thinner than that of the Leicestershire, but not so 

 fine as that of the hide of the improved Durham breed; but it handles soft and kindly: 

 even on the moor-land farms, where the cattle, during the greater part of winter, are fed 

 on the scantiest fare, it is remarkable how little their hides indicate the privations they 

 endure. 



