CLUPEIFORMES 



395 



Sub-Family CHAULIODONTINAE. Elongated, with the dorsal fin far 

 forwards, a very wide gape, and formidable dentition. 



Chauliodus, B. and S. 



Sub-Family GONOSTOMATINAE. Elongate, with the dorsal fin far 

 back ; sometimes a barbel (Astromethes}. 



Astromethes, Rich. ; Gonostow, Rat'. ; Maurolicus, Cocco ; Photichthys, 

 Hutt. 



Sub-Family STERNOPTYCHINAE. The body is very short and deep, 

 the pelvic fins vestigial or absent. 



Argyropelecus, Cocco; Sternoptyx, Herm. ; Polyipnus, Gthr. (Fig. 344, B). 



Fio. 386. 

 A, Malacosteus indicus, Gthr. (After Giinther.) B, Idiacauthusferox, Gthr. (After Giinther. 



Sub-Family STOMIATINAE. Elongate, with the dorsal far back, a wide 

 gape, and large pointed teeth. Often there is a barbel, and the pectoral 

 fins may be vestigial or absent. 



Stomias, Cuv. ; Macrostomias, Br. ; Photonectes, Gthr. ; Malacosteus, 

 Ayres (Fig. 386, A). Stylophthalmus, Br. (Fig. 401, B). Idiacanthus, Gthr. 

 (Fig. 386, B). 



Fio. 387. 

 Gonorhi/nchus greyi, Rich. (After Giinther.) 



Family GONORHYNCHIDAE. An ancient family dating from Eocene 

 times, and represented at the present day by a single specialised genus, 

 Gonorhynchus, which has the head and body covered with small ctenoid 

 scales, and carries a ventral barbel on the prolonged snout. The supra- 

 occipital separates the parietals, the premaxilla articulates with the 

 maxilla and excludes it from the margin of the small mouth. Teeth are 

 absent (Notogoneus), or present on the palate only. There is no myodome 

 and no air-bladder. These fish are possibly related to the Scopelidae 

 (A. S. Woodward). 



Gonorhynchus, Gronov (Fig. 387) ; Indo-Pacific. Notogoneus, Cope ; 

 Eocene, Europe and N. America. Charitosomus, Marck ; Cretaceous, 

 Europe and Asia Minor. 



