398 



TELEOSTEI 



Family GALAXIIDAE. The toothless maxillary, though behind the 

 premaxillary, shares in the margin of the mouth. There is no eye- 

 muscle canal, and the interorbital septum is but incompletely formed. 

 Neochanna has lost the pelvic fins. Scaleless. 



FIG. 380. 

 Galaxias truttaceus, Cuv. (After Giinther.) 



Galaxias, Cuv. (Fig. 389) ; rivers of S. Africa, S. Australasia, and 

 S. America. Neochanna, Gthr. ; New Zealand. 



Family HAPLOCHITONIDAE. Differ from the former in the exclusion 

 of the maxillary from the margin of the jaw, the presence of an eye- 

 muscle canal, and an adipose fin. Prototroctes has small scales. 



Haplochiton, Jen.; S. America. Prototroctes, Gthr. ; Australasia. 



TRIBE 2. 



The frontals join the supraoccipital so as to separate the parietals, the 

 parapophyses when present are fused to the centra, and usually there is 

 no eye-muscle canal. 



SUB-TRIBE A. The maxillae are not excluded from the margin of 

 the mouth ; there are no parapophyses on most of the precaudal vertebrae. 



Family ENCHODONTIDAE. An extinct family from the Cretaceous, 

 related to the Scopelidae, naked or with small scales, and sometimes with 

 dermal scutes. Usually an adipose fin. The maxilla may be toothed, 

 the preopercular may have a spine (Halec, Eurypholis), and the pelvic 

 fins may be far forward. 



EncJwdus, Ag., Europe, Asia, N. America ; Eurypholis, Pict. ; Halec, 

 Ag., Europe, Asia ; Cimolichthys, Leidy, Europe, N. America ; Leptecodon, 

 Will., N. America ; Pantopholis, Davis, Asia all from Cretaceous strata. 



Family ESOCIDAE. The Pikes are among the least specialised of this 

 sub-order, except in their dentition, which is composed of numerous 

 powerful sharp teeth on the jaws, palate, and visceral arches. The 

 forked post-temporal rests on the epiotic and exoccipital. There is no 

 adipose fin, and the pelvic may have eleven dermal rays. The vertebral 

 arches are autogenous. There is a prenasal bone. 



Esox, Cuv. ; Europe, Asia, N. America ; and Miocene, Europe. Umbra, 

 Kram. ; Europe, N. America. 



Family DALLIIDAE. Specialised fish, closely related to the Esocidae, 

 in which the skeleton is thin and soft, the post-temporal incompletely 

 ossified, the pectoral fin has lost its radials, and the pelvics preserve only 

 three dermal rays (Starks). 



Dallia, Bean (Fig. 390); Siberia and N. America. 



