19 



Leaves 5-nerved at the base, fruit a head of 



carpels or aehenes. 

 Bark fissured, not peeling off in flakes, leaves 



aromatic ALTINGIACE^S 166 



Bark peeling off in flakes, leaves not aromatic . PLATANACE^J: 168 



Pistillate and staminate flowers in one. 



Fruit dry TILIACE^; 255 



Fruit fleshy MALACE^E 171 



PINACEAE. THE PINE FAMILY. 



Trees and shrubs with a resinous sap, which yields rosin, tar, tur- 

 pentine and essential oils. The leaves are linear or scale-like, alternate, 

 whorled or clustered; flowers naked, appearing in the spring; fruit a 

 cone or sometimes berry-like. A large family of trees and shrubs, con- 

 taining over 200 species, found in many parts of the world, and of great 

 economic importance. In Indiana only nine species are native, and the 

 distribution of seven of these species has always been very limited. 



Leaves linear, in clusters of 2, 3, 5 or more than 5. 



Leaves in bundles of 2-5 1 Pinus. 



Leaves in bundles of more than 5 2 Larix. 



Leaves linear and solitary, or scale-like. 

 Leaves all linear. 



Leaves obtuse 3 Tsuga. 



Leaves sharp-pointed. 



Leaves green on both sides, alternate 4 Taxodium. 



Leaves glaucous beneath, opposite or whorled 6 Juniperuo. 



Leaves all scale-like, or some of the branches with linear 



sharp-pointed leaves. 



Leaves all scale-like, fruit a cone of 8-12 imbricated scales. 5 Thuja. 

 Leaves scale-like or some linear and sharp-pointed, fruit 



berry-like 6 Juniperus. 



I. PINUS. THE PINES. 



Evergreen trees with needle-shaped leaves in bundles of 2-5 or 7; 

 flowers appearing in the spring, the staminate clustered at the base of 

 the season's shoots, the pistillate on the side or near the end of the 

 shoots; fruit a woody cone which matures at the end of the second 

 season, or more rarely at the end of the third season; scales of the cone 

 variously thickened; seeds in pairs at the base of the scale^. 



There are about 70 species of pines of which three are native to 

 Indiana. Commercially the pines are classed as soft and hard. In our 

 area the soft pines are represented by the white pine, while the gray 

 and Jersey pines are classed as hard pines. 



