28 



few years; leaves apparently 2-ranked, persisting for about three years, 

 linear, short petioled, 6-13 mm. long, usually about 10 mm. long, 

 usually flat, obtuse or notched at apex, bright green and shiny above, 

 bluish-white beneath; staminate flowers appear early in the spring 

 from buds in the axils of the leaves of the previous season, the pistillate 

 terminal, erect, oblong; cones almost sessile and pendulous, borne on 

 the end of last year's branch, maturing the first season, ovoid, 1.5-2.5 

 cm. long; wood light, soft, brittle, not durable, difficult to work, 

 splintery but holds a nail well. 



Distribution. Nova Scotia south to Delaware, west to Minnesota 

 and southeastward through Indiana and eastern Kentucky, thence 

 southward on the mountains to northern Alabama. In Indiana it is 

 not found 1 north of Brown County. It is found in limited numbers at 

 the following places: on a bluff of Bean Blossom Creek in Brown 

 County; on a steep wooded slope on the south side of a small creek about 

 one and a half miles north of Borden in Clark County, and also reported 

 on the bank of Silver Creek between Clark and Floyd Counties ; a few 

 trees on the top and sides of the cliffs about one mile east of Taswell in 

 Crawford County; a few trees on the bluff of Guthrie Creek in Jackson 

 County; a few trees along the north fork of the Muscatatuck River 

 between Vernon and North Vernon in Jennings County; a few trees 

 on the south bank of Back Creek near Leesville in Lawrence County; 

 frequent on the banks of Sugar Creek near the "Shades" in Mont- 

 gomery County; a few trees on the bank of Raccoon Creek in the 

 southern part of Owen County; frequent on the bank of Sugar Creek in 

 Turkey Run State Park in Parke County; a few trees on the banks of 

 Raccoon and Walnut Creeks in Putnam County. Also reported by 

 Beeler 2 as found on a bluff of White River in Morgan County. 



In all of its stations it is found on sandstone bluffs on the south side 

 of streams, giving it a north or northwest exposure. In a few of the 

 stations there are no small trees, but in Montgomery County along Sugar 

 Creek it is reproducing well. 



Remarks. Hemlock is of no economic importance in Indiana. 

 The bark is much used in tanning. Hemlock is frequently used for a 

 hedge plant, also as a specimen tree in parks, etc. 



4. TAXODIUM. THE BALD CYPRESS. 



Taxodium distichum (LinnaBus) L. C. Richard. CYPRESS. Plate 

 7. Large tall straight trees, up to 18 dm. in diameter and 45 m. high, 

 usually with a buttressed base which is frequently hollow. In wet 

 situations it develops steeple-shaped projections from the roots to 



iSee discussion under Abies balsamea on page 290. 

 2 Proc. Ind. Hort. Soc. 1892:53:1893. 



