272 



Distribution. This species has only recently been separated from 

 the white ash and its range has not been ascertained. It is known to 

 occur in the Appalachian Mountains from Pennsylvania to Georgia. In 

 Indiana it is known to occur as far north as Wells County. It is 

 commonly associated with the white ash, but much less frequent except 

 in a few districts where it is the prevailing type. Such a district is in 

 Gibson County north of Owensville. Here as well as in other parts 

 of Gibson County very large trees have been observed. In the original 

 forest the pioneers called the very large specimens of ash with deeply 

 furrowed bark "the old fashion" ash. It is believed that most of these 

 specimens were of this species. In the hilly parts of Indiana this 

 species is found in situations too dry for the white ash, and for this 

 reason should be given preference in hillside planting. 



On the wooded bluff of White River in Fairview Park north of 

 Indianapolis is a specimen that measures 31 dm. in circumference, b.h. 

 The deepest furrows on the north side of the tree are 6 cm. deep. 



Remarks. This species is not yet commonly separated from the 

 white ash and is known to the trade as white ash. Mr. Beadle who first 

 recognized the species, named it Biltmore ash in honor of the Biltmore 

 Estate on which the first tree was discovered. Authors ever since have 

 so called it, and the common name which this form should bear is 

 Biltmore ash. 



On the Clark County State Forest is a planting of sixteen year old 

 white ash in which are mixed quite a number of Biltmore ash. This 

 species at a distance, can be distinguished from the white ash by the 

 rougher bark of the trunks and the darker green color of its foliage, and 

 in the autumn by its more colored foliage. A closer view shows that the 

 leaflets of the Biltmore ash stand in a plane above the rachis higher 

 than those of the white ash, 



The wood is not commercially distinguished from the white ash, but 

 its mechanical properties rank it somewhat below that species. 1 



3. Fraxinus lanceolata Borckhausen. WHITE ASH. GREEN ASH. 

 SWAMP ASH. Plate 126. Medium to large sized trees with fissured 

 bark, the ridges and furrows narrower than those of the white ash; 

 twigs slender and glabrous at maturity; leaves generally 2-3 dm. long, 

 rachis smooth, rarely slightly pubescent; leaflets 5-9, usually 7, gen- 

 erally 5-15 cm. long, on stalks generally about 0.5 cm. or less in length, 

 the terminal one on a stalk 2-4 times as long, leaflets generally narrow- 

 oblong or ovate to narrow ovate-oblong, generally with a narrowed 

 base, sometimes rounded and oblique, short or long acuminate at apex, 

 margin entire near the base, the remainder of the margin generally 



iSterrett: Utilization of Ash. U. S. Dept. Agri. Bui. 523:1917. 



