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States. The trees were planted to grow posts, telephone poles and 

 crossties. In Indiana there is one plantation 42 years old, but the 

 majority are only 10 to 15 years old. The tree has been planted long; 

 enough in our area to definitely conclude that it should not be planted 

 in any part of Indiana for economic purposes. The range of the catalpa 

 sphinx which defoliates the tree is rapidly increasing, and now ranges as 

 far north as Wells County. In the southern part of the State the trees 

 are usually defoliated twice each year by the larvae of this insect, and as 

 a consequence the trees make very little growth, and some owners of 

 plantations have abandoned them on this account. A new insect is 

 appearing which kills the young shoots, which will interfere with the 

 upright habit of the tree. The catalpa is not recommended for forest 

 planting in Indiana, and its use for this purpose has practically ceased. 



The catalpa prefers a moist, deep, rich soil, but will grow in almost 

 all kinds of situations. In the northern part of the State, the young 

 trees are frequently winter killed. The tree is quite tenacious of life 

 and when cut off at the ground, usually sends up several coppice shoots. 



This species can be recommended for planting for shade for hog lots, 

 and as a specimen tree in parks, etc. It is not a desirable street tree. 



CAPRIFOLlACEAE. THE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 

 VIBURNUM. THE VIBURNUMS. 



Viburnum prunifolium Linnaeus. BLACK HAW. Plate 134. Small 

 trees or shrubs; bark of old trees reddish-brown, furrowed and the 

 ridges broken into short lengths; leaves simple, opposite, on petioles 

 0.5-1.5 cm. long; the lower pairs of leaves are generally smaller and have 

 their petioles more or less winged, red and more or less densely covered 

 with a rusty tomentum which may extend along the midrib and veins 

 beneath or may sometimes cover a considerable part of the lower surface 

 of the leaf while young, sometimes the margined petioles are only rough 

 on the margins; leaf blades very variable in size and shape, usually 4-10 

 cm. long, ovate to slightly obovate, or narrow-oval to nearly orbicular, 

 narrowed or rounded at the base, pointed at the apex, or sometimes 

 rounded, margins finely serrate, glabrous both above and beneath at 

 maturity; flowers appear the last of April or in May in cymes which are 

 sessile or nearly so, flowers white, numerous, and generally about 0.5 

 cm. in diameter, fruit ripens in September and October, oval, oblong 

 or nearly globose, generally 10-14 mm. long, dark blue, covered with a 

 bloom, edible, and if not eaten by birds they persist on the branches until 

 late autumn; stone oval and very flat. 



