WHITE WHALES IN CONFINEMENT. 369 



medical department of the University of the City of New York, 

 assisted by Prof. J. W. I. Arnold, of the same university, and Dr. 

 Liautard, superintendent of the Veterinary College. They agreed 

 that pneumonia was the cause of death, induced by a change of tem- 

 perature of the water in which the animal had been kept. The 

 official measurements of this female specimen, whose organs were 

 kept in the two institutions named, were: nine feet six inches from 

 snout to tail tips; three feet between tips of caudal fins, with a body 

 breadth of twenty inches and a head breadth of thirteen inches. 

 The lungs, weighing twenty-two pounds, presented on dissection the 

 appearance of having been affected with chronic catarrhal pneu- 

 monia. The liver weighed nineteen pounds. The four stomachs 

 were all free from any trace of previous disease. 



In looking up the life history of the white whale when oppor- 

 tunity offered, during the last twenty years I have consulted many 

 old whalemen, and they all say that whales of all kinds take their 

 babies on their flukes and scull them along as my female sculled 

 her dying and dead partner. This must be a fact, for the little one 

 could never swim with its parent. But another question arises: Is 

 this purely a female instinct to provide for its young, which was, in 

 the case of my pair, developed into a desire to preserve a companion? 

 or, in other words, would a male have done this, or would a female 

 have done it if she were free and had other companions? Was it 

 love for her mate, or a feeling of selfishness at her lonely position? 

 My female was afterward sent to England in the old transportation 

 box, and was nine days without food, for they will not swallow food 

 in transit, and it lived four days in London, clearing more than 

 enough to pay for the animal and all expenses. 



When the free aquarium at Battery Park, New York city, was 

 opened, December 10, 1896, there was talk of getting white whales 

 the next spring, but there was no way to employ men to go for them 

 at a stated salary, as they would have to pass a civil-service examina- 

 tion and become regularly appointed employees of the city. In this 

 emergency Mr. Eugene G. Blackford came forward and advanced 

 the money for the expedition, and it started early in May. On 

 June 4th Professor Butler delivered a pair of them to the superin- 

 tendent, Dr. Bean. I was aware of their coming, and was at the 

 aquarium, and so was Dr. Latham. The male was lead-colored, 

 was said to be a year and a half old, and was nine feet long. 

 The female was of the usual cream-color, ten feet and a half long, 

 and was said to be a year older than her mate. It is known that 

 young and immature specimens are darker than adults, but I am 

 skeptical about the ages, especially as there is a half year credited 

 to each at the exact time the young are brought forth, and do not 



VOL. LV. 28 



