THERMAL DEATH-POINTS re 

(a) Death-pornt of Spores of Bacilli in the 
Most State 
In 1876 I began the investigation of this problem 
with Bacillus spores obtained from urine, such 
organisms being almost exactly similar to those 
that are to be found ina hay infusion. They were 
procured in this way. I inoculated a neutralised 
specimen of boiled urine contained ina flask plugged 
with cotton wool, with another specimen of urine 
already swarming with Bacilli, and placed the 
mixture in an incubator at 100° F. 
In the course of two or three days a scum formed, 
in the threads of which spores were abundantly 
developed, and the filaments themselves, during these 
and the two or three subsequent days, broke up 
very extensively. This liquid (A), thoroughly well 
shaken, gave me a fluid, as I ascertained by exam- 
ination, teeming with spores of Bacilli. Another 
liquid (B) was also prepared by causing neutral 
urine to ferment at 122° F. in an airless vessel. In 
this fluid, while the Bacilli themselves were swarming 
in the form of rods or short filaments, their germs 
or spores were absent. 
A number of bulb-tubes were then taken, and 
each of them was charged with one ounce of a 
urine whose acidity was equivalent to 12-15 minims 
of liquor potasse per ounce. Such a fluid is one 
which can be certainly sterilised by raising it fora 
few minutes to 212 F., and this, of course, is an 
essential property for any nourishing liquid that is 

