196 THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE 
different fluids similarly heated, makes it seem 
almost impossible to account for them solely by. 
reference to the death-point of germs, as some will 
doubtless attempt to do. Why should this death- 
point be so different in different fluids? 
Then, again, these new experiments, like those I 
have previously recorded, will be found entirely to 
contradict Professor Cohn’s position, that Bacilli are 
the only organisms which appear when boiled or 
superheated fluids ferment. If it is true, as he says, 
that other organisms are all killed by temperatures 
below 212° F. (100° C.), when they are immersed in 
fluids, how are germ-theorists able consistently to 
explain the appearance, under such conditions, of 
swarms of Micrococci, as detailed in the last chapter 
and now again to be referred to; and of Torulez, some 
of which have been enabled to develop typical and 
well-formed mycelia? The conditions and modes 
under which these different organisms have appeared 
in the present series of experiments are now to be 
described. 
Szons of Fermentation in the Superheated Flurds 
employed in the foregoing Laperiments. 
Urine.—TVhe turbidity caused by precipitated 
phosphates will never, by the experienced worker, 
be confounded with that due to fermentation. He 
should, indeed, as far as possible, and except for 
special purposes, avoid dealing with urines which are 
prone to manifest this phenomenon. When the 
cloudiness from this cause is very slight, it some- 
