CLASSIFICATION OF ABNORMAL PRESENTATIONS 



251 



amination reveals the tail in the vagina, the posterior extremity 

 of the calf in front of the pelvic inlet, recognized by the but- 

 tocks, the root of the tail and anus. Further ahead the sacrum 

 is felt, laterally the trochanters and the posterior gluteal mus- 

 cles just in front of the pubis. Advancing further yet the hock 

 can be reached by following the tendo Achilles and sometimes 

 the metatarsal bones (fig. 43). 



The parts are best located while the cow is standing. 



Prognosis. — When the calf is still alive and the fcetal waters 

 not yet completely discharged, so that the uterus is not too 

 firmly contracted, the prognosis is favorable. But when the 

 fcetal waters are evacuated, the calf dry, the uterus moulded 



Fig. 43. — Both Hind Legs Retained Under the Body. 



upon the calf, the prognosis must be doubtful, as the uterus 

 may rupture without it being the fault of the obstetrician. 



Treatment. — It occasionally happens, that in this presenta- 

 tion very small calves or twins may be extracted by pulling on 

 the tail. Nevertheless, it is impossible in most instances. In 

 case strong traction is applied, it is best to use the so-called 

 Saake's loop. 



An ordinary rope with a loop is carried in front of the re- 

 tained legs, and patella, from one side to the other. The hand 

 now seizes the loop and draws it outside the vulva ; at the same 

 time the other end must not be turned loose. The pointed end 



